Showing papers by "Nagoya Institute of Technology published in 1974"
TL;DR: In this article, a linear relationship exists between carbon-13 chemical shifts and the calculated electron densities, and also between substituent constants and electron density, and a slope of 4/3 is obtained between the direct coupling constant 1J(CH) of α carbon in monosubstituted ethylenes and that in the corresponding substituted methanes.
Abstract: Carbon-13 chemical shifts of sixteen monosubstituted ethylenes were obtained. In order to explain the chemical shifts, σ and π electron densities of these compounds are calculated by the σ-included ω-HMO method.1 A linear relationship exists between carbon-13 chemical shifts and the calculated electron densities, and also between substituent constants and electron densities. A slope of unity is obtained between the chemical shifts of α carbons of monosubstituted ethylenes and those of carbons adjacent to the substituents in monosubstituted benzenes. On the other hand, a plot of chemical shifts of Cortho of benzene derivatives against that of the β carbon in ethylene derivatives gives a slope of 3. These slopes can be explained by the calculated electron densities. A slope of 4/3 is obtained between the direct coupling constant 1J(CH) of the α carbon in monosubstituted ethylenes and that in the corresponding substituted methanes.
45 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the carbon-13 chemical shifts of three arylmethyl carbanions were determined by changing solvents and counter ions and compared with those obtained from the 1H chemical shifts.
Abstract: Carbon-13 chemical shifts of three arylmethyl carbanions have been determined by changing solvents and counter ions. The charge distributions in the carbanions are discussed and compared with those obtained from the 1H chemical shifts.
42 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the free energy expression with the cross term of two sublattice polarizations was dealt with to obtain some properties of a linear antiferroelectric and the phase diagram was obtained by comparisons of free energy of four phases.
Abstract: Kittel's free energy expression with the cross term of two sublattice polarizations was dealt with to obtain some properties of a linear antiferroelectric. Four phases, nonpolar, polar, antipolar and semipolar, are stable in proper ranges of temperature and bias field. The phase diagram was obtained by comparisons of free energy of four phases. The isothermal relation between the polarization and the external field predicted successive forced transitions and a multiple hysteresis loop. At a constant field, the antipolar-polar-semipolar-nonpolar transitions were expected at changing temperature. Correspondingly to the transition scheme, complicated behaviors of polarization, antipolarization and susceptibility as functions of temperature were calculated with bias field as a parameter.
33 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the side-chain region between helices of poly(γ-methyl-d-glutamate) polypeptide membranes was investigated and it was concluded that the diffusion of small molecular substances in polypeptic membranes occurs through the region between the helices.
22 citations
22 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the surface and internal hardness of the rolling part of the ball bearing steel increase to a great extent when a large amount of retained austenite is contained. And the presence of the retained Austenite plays an auxiliary role in improvements of the fatigue life and reduces its irregularity.
Abstract: (2) In the fatigue test, both the surface and the internal hardness of the rolling part of the ball bearing steel increase to a great extent when a large amount of retained austenite is contained. (3) A semicircular stress-affected zone is present at the rolling part in the fatigue test, where plastic flow and tempering effects are recognized in the matrix. It is also found that the retained austenite gradually decomposes during testing. (4) The presence of the retained austenite plays an auxiliary role in improvements of the fatigue life and reduces its irregularity. (Received May 7, 1973)
20 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the role of salts in dissolution of powdered quartz was investigated and the dissolution rate of silicon was accelerated by adding such salts as sodium chloride and sodium sulfate in solution above about pH 2.
Abstract: The study reported in this paper concerns the role of salts in dissolution of powdered quartz. Kinetic dissolution experiment was carried out in acid media at 60 and 90°C to know the mechanism of acid alteration of rocks. The dissolution rate of silicon was accelerated by addition of such salts as sodium chloride and sodium sulfate in solution above about pH 2 but not affected below about pH 2. An accelerating effect of divalent sulfate ions was greater than that of monovalent chloride ions. Moreover, this effect became remarkably greater with increasing concentration of salts, increasing temperature and increasing pH value from 2 to 4.
16 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the long range coupling constants between carbon-13 and protons have been obtained and assigned by the isotope substitution method by using the slow scan technique in the absorption mode.
Abstract: Carbon-13 NMR spectra of pyridine have been observed by using the slow scan technique in the absorption mode. The long range coupling constants between carbon-13 and protons have been obtained and assigned by the isotope substitution method.
16 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the VAN DER POL equation is deduced from the basic equations for the ionization wave, extending the KEEN'S method for ion-acoustic wave.
Abstract: The non-linear interactions between the self-excited ionization wave and the forced oscillation are observed in the positive column of a glow discharge. The self-excited wave is suppressed and quenched by applying the forced oscillation. The square of the amplitude of the self-excited wave linearly decreases with the forced oscillation, and at the same time the frequency of the original wave somewhat shifts. Next, a resonance excitation of oscillation is observed, when a forced oscillation is applied after extinguishing the self-excited wave by controlling the heater current of the tube.
In order to explain these non-linear phenomena the VAN DER POL equation is deduced from the basic equations for the ionization wave, extending the KEEN'S method for the ion-acoustic wave. The approximate solution of the VAN DER POL equation by the asymptotic expansion can explain the experimental results with a quantitative agreement.
15 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the morphology of the prismatic phase in Portland cement clinker and some characteristic microstructures of the interstitial material were discussed. But the morphology was not considered in this paper.
14 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of high-electric fields on oxidation of tungsten single crystals in 6 × 10 −4 torr of oxygen at 1200 −1500 °K were studied by field emission and transmission electron microscopy Exposure of field emitters to oxygen in the absence of a field resulted in the build-up of emitter tips Oxidation under the application of a negative or positive field involved plane faceting and formation of oxide crystallites.
TL;DR: Decay Reactions of Free Radicals in Irradiated Polyethylene and Diffusion-Controlled Processes is studied to find out whether these reactions are driven by hydrolysis or by solvent-based reactions.
Abstract: Decay Reactions of Free Radicals in Irradiated Polyethylene and Diffusion-Controlled Processes
TL;DR: In this paper, a reflector antenna utilizing three planar reflectors and a 3/4 λ-unipole radiator was proposed, and the gain is about 5 dB greater than that of the two-dimensional corner reflector antennas.
Abstract: A reflector antenna utilizing three planar reflectors and a 3/4 λ-unipole radiator is proposed. Calculations based on image- and EMF-methods predict that the gain is about 5 dB greater than that of the two-dimensional corner reflector antenna, and that the input impedance is roughly between 50 and 75 Ω. Experiments conducted on the three-dimensional corner reflector antenna with rectangular corners confirmed the predicted properties and also showed the sidelobe in the electric plane being suppressed by the effect of diffraction. This effect is explained by the calculated radiation pattern of 3/4 λ-unipole on conducting half plate
TL;DR: In this article, an experimental study has been made of the damage to Cu-doped and undoped silicon solar cells caused by a Q-switched ruby laser (6943 nm).
Abstract: An experimental study has been made of the damage to Cu-doped and undoped silicon solar cells caused by a Q-switched ruby laser (6943 nm). The pulses, of 60 MW cm−2 power density, produce surface damage and a degradation in the photocurrent of the cells. The surface damage of the undoped cells consists of a melting zone and crack lines. For the Cu-doped cells, however, a characteristic damage pattern consisting of short straight lines parallel to [110] and [112] directions is observed. The degradation rate of the spectral photocurrent of the Cu-doped cells is smaller than that of the undoped cells; and the modified damage constant of the Cu-doped cells is smaller by a factor of 2-3 than that of the undoped cells.
TL;DR: In this article, the i.r. intensities of the carbonyl stretching vibrations of a series of compounds, X3M-Mn(CO)5(X = Cl, Br and I; M = Si, Ge and Sn) with C4ν, local symmetry around the manganese atom have been measured.
TL;DR: In this article, the natural abundance C-13 NMR spectra of 1,1-diphenylethylene and α-methylstyrene dimer dianions were obtained using the proton noise decoupling technique.
Abstract: The natural abundance C-13 NMR spectra of 1,1-diphenylethylene and α-methylstyrene dimer dianions have been obtained using the proton noise decoupling technique. The extra negative charge distributions in the carbanions have been discussed and compared with those obtained from the proton chemical shifts. The chemical shifts of the two ortho carbons in a phenyl ring are equivalent to each other for the former carbanion but not for the latter.
TL;DR: In the Gaussian channel Y(T) = [Phi](t) + X(t) = message + noise, where Y and X are mutually independent, the information I(Y, [ Phi]) is evaluated and one of the results is that I(Phi) is positive.
01 May 1974
TL;DR: In this paper, an experimental study of the damage of Si solar cells due to Q-switched ruby laser radiation has been made, where four kinds of Si glass samples with different surface states were used to examine how the damage depends on the surface state: chemically etched to a mirror finish, mechanically polished by a 05 μm Al2O3 powder, chemically etched, but rough, and coated with SiO on the (c) surface.
Abstract: An experimental study of the damage of Si solar cells due to Q-switched ruby laser radiation has been made Four kinds of specimen with different surface states were used in order to examine how the damage depends on the surface state: (a) chemically etched to a mirror finish, (b) mechanically polished by a 05 μm Al2O3 powder, (c) chemically etched, but rough, (d) coated with SiO on the (c) surface The threshold power densities, at which a change in the photo-current occurs, were for the specimens (a) to (d) respectively 60 MW cm−2, 20 MW cm−2, 30 MW cm−2 and 9 MW cm−2 Attenuations of the photo-current of the specimens, a, c and d were observed over the whole range of wavelength 500 to 1000 nm For the b cell, however, increase of the photo-current was observed mainly in the short wavelength region
TL;DR: In this paper, the secondary electron energy spectra from Fe(110) surfaces were measured at various emission angles with a fixed angle of incidence to study the escape process of secondaries in a single crystal of iron.
Abstract: Secondary electron energy spectra from Fe(110) surfaces were measured at various emission angles with a fixed angle of incidence to study the escape process. All spectra which are normalized to constant peak value agree with each other at Ep=400 and 1055 eV. It may be concluded from these results that the escape process of secondaries in a single crystal of iron is approximately the same as that in a polycrystalline material. Hence it is possible, in the first approximation, to calculate with the free-electron model the yield and the extent of diffusion of secondaries which determines the quality and resolution of a scanning electron microscope. No difference was found in the backscattered energy spectra between the anomalous transmission and absorption condition for the primary beam of 10 keV. These energy spectra consists mainly of large characteristic loss peaks and energy spectra of rather gradual slope.
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that the FWHM of energy spectra of secondary electrons from a Be layer evaporated on Cu becomes smaller initially with increase of the Be film thickness, and then becomes broader as the thickness increases beyond a certain level.
Abstract: It has been found that the FWHM of energy spectra of secondary electrons from a Be layer evaporated on Cu becomes smaller initially with increase of the Be film thickness, and then becomes broader as the thickness increases beyond a certain level. This feature has been simulated by a Monte Carlo calculation of secondary electron emission with satisfactory agreement.
TL;DR: In this paper, a v.h.i.c. negative-impedance convertor was realized using simultaneous multiple negative feedback, using transistors with an fT of 1.1 GHz.
Abstract: A circuit realisation of a v.h.f. negative-impedance convertor (n.i.c.) is presented. Using simultaneous multiple negative feedback, a stable operation is obtained to approximately 15% of fT. Using transistors with an fT of 1.1 GHz, the realised n.i.c. circuit operates to 160 MHz.
TL;DR: TAHN is a satisfactory indicator for the titrations of Cu( II) and Ni(II) with EDTA and the formation constants of the 1:2 chelates are smaller than those of other o-hydroxythiazolylazo compoundChelates.
TL;DR: In this article, the concepts of mass and heat transfer are applied to derive the equations of Murphree and vaporization point efficiencies with an approximation in which the linear relationship of vapor-liquid equilibrium is assumed.
Abstract: The concepts of mass and heat transfer are applied to derive the equations of Murphree and vaporization point efficiencies with an approximation in which the linear relationship of vapor-liquid equilibrium is assumed. Characteristics of the efficiencies, including the effects of liquid composition upon the distillation point efficiencies, importance of thermal effects in evaluating the mass transfer coefficient from observed data, and accuracies of the equations are examined with numerical examples of a binary system and a ternary system.