Southern Illinois University School of Medicine

About: Southern Illinois University School of Medicine is a education organization based out in Springfield, Illinois, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Cancer. The organization has 3747 authors who have published 5977 publications receiving 209115 citations. The organization is also known as: SIU School of Medicine.

Does resident involvement effect surgical times and complication rates during laparoscopic appendectomy for uncomplicated appendicitis? An analysis of 16,849 cases from the ACS-NSQIP.

Abstract: Background Controversy exists regarding whether resident involvement during surgery impacts patient outcomes. We compared surgical times and perioperative complications of patients undergoing laparoscopic appendectomy with and without residents. Methods Patients undergoing laparoscopic appendectomy for uncomplicated acute appendicitis during 2005 to 2008 were identified from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database. Results During the study period, 16,849 patients underwent laparoscopic appendectomy for uncomplicated appendicitis (residents participated in 68% of procedures). There were no statistical and/or clinically meaningful differences between median age, sex, body mass index, American Society of Anesthesiology score, and morbidity probability between the 2 groups, suggesting that case mix was not a significant confounder. Patients undergoing laparoscopic appendectomy with residents compared with patients undergoing laparoscopic appendectomy without residents had a higher incidence of serious and overall morbidity and longer surgical times. However, surgical times and complications were similar between residents in postgraduate years 1 to 5. Conclusions Regardless of the postgraduate year level, resident involvement resulted in a clinically appreciable increase in surgical times and a statistically significant increase in certain complications.

Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and aging: controversies and new insights.

Abstract: Insulin/insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling plays a major role in the control of aging and life span in invertebrates. Major extension of life span in growth hormone receptor knock out (GHR-KO) mice that are GH resistant, and subsequently, IGF-I-deficient indicates that similar mechanisms may operate in mammals. This conclusion is supported by association of reduced IGF-I levels and delayed aging in three different GH-deficient mutant mice and in animals subjected to caloric restriction, but is difficult to reconcile with neuroprotective effects of IGF-I and with the suspected role of declining GH levels during aging. We suggest that the role of IGF in the regulation of growth and adult body size is important in mediating the effects of longevity genes on aging and life span. Suspected mechanisms of IGF-I action in aging also include reduced insulin signaling, enhanced sensitivity to insulin, and reduced thermogenesis with diminished oxidative damage of macromolecules being the likely final common pathway of these effects. We suspect that IGF-I is important in evolutionarily conserved mechanisms that link life history, including development, reproduction, and aging with availability of energy resources.

Angiogenesis in implantation

Abstract: Problem Implantation failure and early pregnancy loss are common following natural conceptions and they are particularly important clinical hurdles to overcome following assisted reproduction attempts. The importance of adequate vascular development and maintenance during implantation has recently become a major focus of investigation.

Distribution of Type A Spermatogonia in the Mouse Is Not Random

Abstract: The distribution of type A spermatogonia was studied using drawings of cross-sectioned tubules at various stages of the spermatogenic cycle of perfusion-fixed, epoxy-embedded mouse testis. Spermatogonia were classified as either positioned opposite the interstitium or opposite the region where two tubules make contact or in a defined, intermediate region at which the two tubules diverged. At stage V, the population of type A spermatogonia, comprised of As through Aal cells, is randomly positioned around the periphery of the seminiferous tubule. The As through Aal population becomes nonrandomly distributed beginning at stage VI, being located primarily in regions where the tubule opposes the interstitium, and remains nonrandom through stage III of the next cycle. The A1 spermatogonia of stage VII, derived from most Apr and Aal spermatogonia, and the A2 spermatogonia of stage IX, derived from the A1 spermatogonia, are also nonrandomly positioned opposing the interstitium. However, the A3 population of stage XI becomes randomly distributed around the tubule. To our knowledge, these are the first data to show that the more primitive spermatogonial types (As to Aal) move to specific sites within the seminiferous tubule. Division of the regularly spaced, more primitive spermatogonia (As to Aal) leads to the spread of their progeny (A1 to A4) laterally along the base of the seminiferous tubule. The lateral spread from more or less evenly spaced foci ensures that spermatogenesis is conducted uniformly around the entire tubule. The data also suggest that the position of a seminiferous tubule in the mouse is stabilized in relationship to other seminiferous tubules.