Showing papers by "Suffolk University published in 1994"

The boundaryless career: a competency- based perspective

Abstract: This paper proposes a competency-based view of careers, derived from competency-based models of employer firms. The implications for boundaryless careers are explored by reference to changing organizational, occupational and industry community contexts. All of these contexts are seen as likely to promote boundaryless career behaviors. Future research possibilities for each of three career competencies, and for interdependence among the competencies, are briefly examined.

The rhetoric of charismatic leadership: A theoretical extension, a case study, and implications for research

Abstract: Despite apparent consensus about the importance of leader rhetoric, the topic has not received systematic attention from leadership scholars. The purpose of this article is to advance the study of the relationship between rhetorical behavior and charismatic leadership in three ways: first, by presenting theoretically derived propositions about the expected contents of charismatic leaders' speeches; second, by offering a thematic content analysis of a representative speech by a charismatic orator, in order to demonstrate the content themes suggested by the propositions; and third, by specifying the requirements for more systematic studies of the relationship between speech content and charisma.

Needle-less injector

Abstract: A needle-less injector comprises a cartridge (3) prefilled with liquid (9), which cartridge contains a free sliding piston (32) and an injection orifice (10). A ram (22) is urged by a pre-loaded spring (24) for striking the said piston to cause the injections. Adjusting means (6) can be provided to vary the volume injected. A trigger device (26, 30) initiates injection only when the optimum contact pressure is reached between the discharge orifice (1) and epidermis of the subject. The initial loading of the power spring (24) is sufficient to dispense all of the contents of the medicament cartridge in one dose or multiple sequential doses. Disposable and reusable embodiments are described.

Three-wavelength device for all-optical signal processing.

Abstract: We describe the operation of a semiconductor laser amplifier as a nonlinear element, using a novel three-wavelength configuration, which enhances the recovery rate of the nonlinear refractive index and permits choice of its sign and magnitude. Simple rate-equation analysis suggests that 100-GHz operation should be possible with powers of ~1 W.

The Gay Identity Questionnaire: a brief measure of Homosexual Identity Formation

Abstract: This article describes the development of the Gay Identity Questionnaire (GIQ) which was derived from tenets of the Homosexual Identity Formation (HIF) model proposed by Cass in 1979. The GIQ is a brief measure that may be used by clinicians and researchers for identifying gay males in the various stages of homosexual identity formation. The test construction procedures included the selection of questionnaire items based upon constructs of the Homosexual Identity Formation Model, establishment of interrater and interitem reliability for those items, and refinement of the GIQ through two pilot tests. The final version of the GIQ was administered to two hundred twenty-five males who reported having same-sex fantasies or engaging in homosexual behavior. In addition, demographic and psychosocial data were collected and used to describe the sample and examine the relationship of these variables to subject stage of HIF. Results support the use of the Gay Identity Questionnaire as a brief measure for identifying subject stage of homosexual identity formation. The data also suggest that homosexual identity acquisition may be a two-stage process rather than the six-stage process proposed by Cass (1979). The differentiation between these stages includes whether or not a subject had resolved a coherent self-identity as gay and had a significant relationship to some aspect of the gay culture.

Multiwavelength fiber laser using a spatial mode beating filter.

Abstract: A multiwavelength comb is obtained from Er(3+) - and Nd(3+)-doped fiber lasers by incorporation of a section of multimode optical fiber into an otherwise single-mode fiber ring cavity. This combination of fiber types acts as a wavelength-dependent filter in the laser through spatial mode beating between the LP(01) and LP(11) modes in the multimode fiber.

Analysis of blue and red laser performance of the infrared-pumped praseodymium-doped fluoride fiber laser

Abstract: The laser performance at 491 and 635nm of praseodymium-doped fluorozirconate fiber pumped at 1.01µm and 835nm is described and is interpreted with analytical solutions to the rate equations. Spectroscopic measurements of the absorption and the emission cross sections are presented, and the values are shown to be consistent with the observed lasing performance. The analytical model is shown to be a reliable indication of the optimum length of fiber for operation on the three-level 491nm transition.

Is the fecundity of the Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus: Scombridae) determinate?

Abstract: Current methods of stock assessment using plankton surveys and fecundity measurements are based on the assumption that the western mackerel (Scomber scombrus L.) has a determinate fecundity, that is, the number of oocytes destined to be matured in a season is decided prior to spawning and can be identified and counted before release of the first egg batch. This assumption has been questioned in recent years and the possibility of a serious miscalculation of fecundity has been raised. Evidence presented here shows that: A hiatus does not develop in the size frequency distribution between the previtellogenic and vitellogenic oocytes prior to spawning. The number of vitellogenic oocytes (potential annual fecundity) declines during spawning. The agreement between the potential annual fecundity measured prior to spawning and the number of eggs shed during spawning calculated by estimating the size and frequency of egg batches and the duration of the spawning season is somewhat ambiguous. The productio...

Behavioral and pharmacological treatments for tic and habit disorders: a review.

Abstract: Children with tic and habit disorders are often seen by pediatricians, psychologists, or psychiatrists for evaluation and treatment. Current knowledge of the treatment-outcome research in these areas can serve as an important guide in the evaluation and treatment planning process. This article reviews the behavior therapy and pharmacological treatment of motor and vocal tic disorders, self-destructive oral habits, trichotillomania (hair pulling), onychophagia (nail biting), and thumb sucking. The research evidence indicates that all of these disorders can be effectively treated with behavioral or pharmacological approaches.

The evolution of hormonal sex pheromones in teleost fish: poor correlation between the pattern of steroid release by goldfish and olfactory sensitivity suggests that these cues evolved as a result of chemical spying rather than signal specialization

Abstract: It is becoming increasingly evident that many teleost fish use hormones and their metabolites as sex pheromones. Although hormonal pheromone systems of several species of fish have now been characterized, that of the goldfish is the best understood. Reproductively-active female goldfish sequentially release derivatives of three steroidal hormones and two prostaglandins which have specific and potent actions on the goldfish olfactory sense and subsequently conspecific reproductive behaviour and physiology. Three goldfish hormonal pheromones are unmodified sex hormones which are also found in the blood of many other species of fish and are therefore unlikely to be species-specific. This scenario evokes two related questions. First, how did these systems evolve? Second, do hormonal pheromones represent specialized signals used for communication or rather simple metabolites which fish have evolved the ability to detect because of their intrinsic meaning ('spying')? Here we review hormonal pheromone function in fish and then describe a study of the goldfish which tests whether hormonal pheromones are specialized communicatory signals by comparing the profile of steroids released by goldfish with their olfactory responsiveness to these compounds. Little correlation between signal production and detection was found and we conclude that the goldfish hormonal pheromone system most likely exemplifies spying.

Eugenics and disability discrimination

Abstract: Testimony presented during the passage of the Americans with Disabilities Act (P.L. 101–336) indicated the continued existence of discrimination based upon a disability. Many persons, including academics, do not believe that such discrimination exists nor do they believe that some of the most threatening discrimination in the US is based in state law. This paper details these state laws (past and present) in the area of domestic relations and presents the historical cause for the enactment of the discriminatory laws. The Eugenics Movement using (somewhat wrongly) Darwin's evolutionary theory was and continues to be the force behind them. Policy implications are presented in the conclusion.

Stressful Life Events and with Seizure Frequency in Patients Epilepsy

Abstract: Summary: We tested whether unpleasant life events increased seizure occurrence in persons with epilepsy. Forty-six subjects maintained daily diaries for 10–36 weeks in which they recorded seizures and life events. Mean age of subjects was 39 years; 78% were female; 83% had complex partial seizures (CPS). On the average, subjects reported 3.3 seizures a week. Analyses first were conducted within each subject and then in the sample overall. For each person, we tested whether seizure frequency increased within 24 h of the occurrence of unpleasant events, using Poisson regression analyses that adjusted for daily antiepileptic medication, sleep duration and quality, alcohol intake, menstrual status, and pleasant events. Rarity of events precluded analyses in 9 subjects. Events increased seizure frequency in 5 subjects (14%) (p < 0.05). Events decreased seizure frequency in 2 subjects (p < 0.05). When individual risk ratios were aggregated across subjects, unpleasant events were significantly associated with seizure increase only in men (RR = 1.67, 95% Confidence interval 1.09, 2.54). However, this finding must be interpreted with caution because of the limited number of men in the sample. In other aggregate analyses, events and seizures were not associated in subjects grouped by seizure type, age of seizure onset, current age, ethnicity, educational level, or marital status. Identification of factors that distinguish patients with and without event-triggered seizures requires further study. ReSUMe Les auteurs ont rechercht si la survenue d'tvenements vitaux dtsagrdables augmentait la frtquence des crises chez les patients epileptiques. Quarante-six sujets ont effectue un releve quotidien des crises pendant 10 B 36 semaines, en notant les crises et les tvenements vitaux. L'fige moyen des sujets ttait de 39 ans; 78%etaient des femmes; 83% avaient des crises partielles complexes. Les patients ont rapporte en moyenne 3.3 crises par semaine. Les analyses ont 6te conduites pour chaque sujet, et ensuite pour l'ensemble de l'Cchantillon. Pour chaque sujet, les auteurs ont teste l'augmentation tventuelle de la frequence des crises dans les 24 heures suivant la survenue d'un evenement vital desagreable au moyen d'une analyse de regression selon le patient ajustte en fonction du traitement antibpileptique quotidien, de la duree et de la qualitt du sommeil, de la consommation d'alcool, de l'ttat menstruel et de la survenue d'evenements agrtables. La rarett des evenements a empeche l'analyse chez 9 sujets. Les tvenements augmentaient la frequence des crises chez 5 sujets (14%) (p < 0.05). Les tvenements diminuaient la frequence des crises chez 2 sujets (p < 0.05). Lorsque les taux de risques individuels ont ete rassembles pour tous les sujets, les evenements desagrdables etaient associes avec une augmentation de la frequence des crises seulement chez les hommes. Cependant, cette constatation doit etre temperte par le fait qu'il n'y avait que peu d'hommes dans cet tchantillon. Dans d'autres analyses d'agrtgats, les evenements et les crises n'etaient pas associ's chez des sujets que l'on regroupait par type des crises, âge de debut des crises, Pge actuel, appartenance ethnique, niveau d'education et statut marital. L'identification de facteurs qui distinguent les patients avec ou sans crises declenchees par les evhements devrait faire l'objet d'autres travaux. RESUMEN Los autores han estudiado si los acontecimientos cotidianos desagradables pueden incrementar la frecuencia de los ataques en personas con epilepsia. Cuarenta y seis individuos completaron notas diarias durante 10–36 semanas en las cuales se registraron los ataques y los acontecimientos cotidianos. La edad media de los sujetos fue de 39 afios; 78% fueron hembras y el 83% tenian ataques parciales complejos. Los individuos registraron un promedio de 3.3 ataques por semana. Los analisis se realizaron, en primer lugar, en cada sujeto individualizado y, posteriormente, en la muestra general. Para cada persona se comprobe si la frecuencia de los ataques se incrementaba durante las 24 horas que siguieron a acontecimientos desagradables utilizando el anBlisis regresivo de Poisson que se ajusta para la medicacion diaria antiepXptica, la duracion y calidad del suefio, la ingesta de alcohol, el status menstrual y los acontecimientos placenteros. La ausencia de acontecimientos especificos excluyo del analisis a 9 sujetos. Este tipo de acontemiento incremento la frecuencia de ataques en 5 sujetos (14%) (p < 0.05). Los acontemientos registrados redujeron la frecuencia de ataques en 2 sujetos (p < 0.05). Cuando la proporcion de riesgo individual se agrego a1 resto de los sujetos, los acontemientos desagradables se asociaron con un incremento de los ataques solamente en hombres. Sin embargo, este hallazgo debe ser interpretado con precaucion teniendo en cuenta el limitado numero de hombres en la muestra. En otros analisis de agregacion los acontecimientos y los ataques no mostraron asociacidn alguna en los sujetos agrupados segun el tip0 de ataques, la edad de cornienzo de los ataques, la edad actual de los individuos, las caracteristicas Clinicas, el nivel educacional o el estado matrimonial. La identificacion de factores que distingan a los enfermos con o sin ataques precipitados por acontecimientos requiere estudios adicionales. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Wir gingen der Frage nach, ob negative Lebensereignisse die Anfallshaufigkeit von Epilepsie-Patienten vergroβern. 46 Patienten fuhrten fur 10–36 Wochen Tagebucher uber Anfalle und Lebensereignisse. Das mittlere Alter lag bei 39 Jahren. 78% waren weiblich, 83% hatten komplexe Partialanfalle. Die Patienten berichteten im Mittel uber 3.3 Anfalle pro Woche. Es folgte eine Analyse der Ergebnisse. Zunachst bei jedem Patienten und dann fur die Gesamtgruppe. Wir testeten, ob bei der Einzelperson innerhalb von 24 Stunden nach einem negativen Ereignis die Anfallsfrequenz zunahm (Poisson Regressionsanalyse mit Berucksichtigung der taglichen antiepileptischen Medikation, Schlafdauer und Schlafqualitat, AlkoholgenuB, Menstruationszyklus und positiven Ereignissen). Wegen rnangelnder negativer Ereignisse muβten funf Patienten ausgeschlossen werden. Bei 5 Patienten erhohte sich die Anfallshaufigkkeit bei negativen Ereignissen bei 14% (p < 0.05). Bei zwei Patienten nahm darunter die Anfallsfrequenz ab. (p < 0.05). Negative Ereignisse gingen nur bei Mannern mit Anfallserhohung einher-jedoch muβ diese Aussage relativiert werden aufgrund der kleinen Anzahl mannlicher Anfallskranker. Die anderen Analyseverfahren zeigten keine Korrelation zwischen negativen Ereignissen und Anfallstyp, Alter bei erstem Anfall, Lebensalter, ethnischer Zugehorigkeit, Bildungsstand oder Zivilstand. In weiteren Studien muβ untersucht werden, bei welchen Patienten negative Lebensereignisse Anfalle provozieren.

Electromechanical resistance exercise apparatus

Abstract: A strength and exercise apparatus that provides an opposing resistive force which in its total will always only equal the potential and varying exerted force created by the user. The apparatus will also have the ability to create an exerted force which in its total will always only equal the potential and varying resistive force provided by the user.

Fracture of the wing of the ilium, adjacent to the sacroiliac joint, in Thoroughbred racehorses

Abstract: During a two year period, sagittal fractures of the wing of the ilium were diagnosed in 10 Thoroughbred horses. All were spontaneous fractures sustained during normal exercise in training and racing, with no history of inciting trauma. When ultrasound scans of the surface of the pelvis were performed, the fracture was clearly visible as a discontinuity of the sacral wing of the ilium. In 3 horses, an irregular contour suggestive of periosteal callus was seen in the vicinity of the acute fracture. All horses examined by gamma scintigraphy had a focal increase in uptake of isotope just lateral to the tuber sacrale. Nine of the horses were treated conservatively by rest. The other horse had bilateral fractures and was subjected to euthanasia at the time of the injury. Six horses returned to full training, and 2 subsequently won, without recurrence of lameness.

Lobster (Homarus Gammarus) Movement On an Artificial Reef: the Potential Use of Artificial Reefs for Stock Enhancement

Abstract: In 1989 an experimental artificial reef, constructed with blocks made from stabilized coal-fired power station waste materials, was deployed in Poole Bay on the English south coast. A site was chosen on flat sandy seabed at a depth approximately 10 m below chart datum. Within a few weeks, research divers had observed lobsters on the reef, even though the reef blocks had been deposited on flat sand some distance (3 km) from the nearest natural reefs. Conventional tags were used in studies to investigate lobster movement around the reef structure between 1989 and 1992: 48% of the 114 individuals tagged have been recaptured at least once on the reef. Although a number of lobsters appear to have moved away from the reef altogether (16 of the reef-tagged lobsters have now been recaptured at a maximum of 15.7 km away from the artificial reef), one individual has now been observed on the reef for over 800 days. Lobsters colonized the new man-made structures quickly and many individuals have exhibited considerable long-term site loyalty. Artificial reefs may provide a method for long term lobster stock enhancement at specific sites, assuming habitat to be a major limiting factor on population size and structure.

Racial matching and service utilization among seriously mentally Ill consumers in the rural south

Abstract: The authors examined racial matching between case manager and client for 677 seriously mentally ill consumers served through a rural community mental health center in the southeastern United States. Nonparametric statistics indicated that client-case manager dyads were more likely to be of the same race than of different races. Same-race dyads tended to have greater service utilization as indicated by a greater number of made appointments over the study period. An interaction was found for failed appointments where African Americans in same-race dyads were more likely to fail appointments, while caucasian consumers in same-race dyads were less likely to fail appointments.

The host range of beet yellowing viruses among common arable weed species

Abstract: Twenty common arable weed species were inoculated using Myzus persicae to transmit beet yellows virus (BYV), beet mild yellowing virus (BMYV), and an isolate of beet western yellows viruses (BWYV) that did not infect beet. The viruses were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), in which monoclonal antibodies distinguished between BMYV and BWYV, and by aphid transmissions to indicator host plants. Spergula arvensis, Stellaria media, Lamium purpureum and Papaver rhoeas were susceptible to all three viruses whereas Senecio vulgaris, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Anagallis arvensis and Chrysanthemum segetum were susceptible to both BMYV and BWYV, and Matricaria perforata, Raphanus raphanistrum, Veronica persica, Urtica urens and Viola arvensis were susceptible to BWYV only. Atriplex patula, Chenopodium album and Portulaca oleracea were susceptible to BYV only. Myosotis arvensis, Silene alba, Poa annua and Solanum nigrum were not susceptible to any of the viruses. Portulaca oleracea was shown for the first time to be a host of BYV, and C. segetum a host of BMYV and BWYV. In spring 1991, 8% of weeds sampled in a field of autumn-sown oilseed rape contained BWYV. Tests on weeds collected from an area of ‘set-side’ adjacent to sugar beet showed that 3% contained BMYV and 3% BWYV. No sampled weeds were infected with BYV. The role of weeds in the epidemiology of sugar beet virus yellows is discussed.

Reeves' Muntjac Muntiacus reevesi in Britain: their history, spread, habitat selection, and the role of human intervention in accelerating their dispersal

Abstract: The origins, early history, captive populations, spread and habitat preferences of Reeves' Muntjac in Britain are reviewed. It is suggested that much of the published information on the history of Muntjac in Britain is based on misconceptions, and that each subsequent report has continued to promulgate a false impression on the origins, time-scale and pattern of spread of the species in Britain. Indian and Reeves' Muntjac were introduced to Woburn Park in Bedfordshire within a year of each other, and it appears that the Indian Muntjac did not thrive, at least in the decade following their introduction. How long they survived as a free-living species in Britain is unclear, but it was probably only a few years. However, there is some evidence to suggest that they might have persisted within the Park at Woburn until 1930. Following the first releases from Woburn in 1901, the numbers of free-living Reeves' Muntjac in Britain remained low until the 1920s, when populations were largely confined to the woods around Woburn, and possibly also around Tring in Hertfordshire. However, in the 1930s and 1940s there were further deliberate introductions in selected areas some distance from Woburn. As a consequence, the subsequent spread of Reeves' Muntjac was from several main foci, i.e. from the vicinity of Woburn, the Norfolk/Suffolk border, three sites in Northamptonshire, two sites in Oxfordshire and two in Warwickshire. The spread in the second half of this century has been aided by further deliberate and accidental releases, and by these means new populations continue to be established outside the main range. Thus the natural spread has been much less impressive than previously assumed; even in areas with established populations it takes a long time for Muntjac to colonize all the available habitat. Data from a number of areas in Britain suggest that the natural rate of spread is about 1 km a year, which is comparable to other species of deer in Britain. The many introductions have complicated an analysis of the habitat preferences of Reeves' Muntjac, and no clear trends could be found. It would appear that Reeves' Muntjac are less dependent on specific types of habitat than previously believed. Examination of the land-class preferences using resource selection indices showed that arable land classes were predominantly selected for, and that marginal upland land classes tended to be avoided. Subsequent logistic regression models based on the land classes selected (and to a lesser extent avoided) by Muntjac were able to predict accurately the current distribution of Reeves' Muntjac in Britain, and one of these, together with our knowledge of their history and spread, was used to infer those areas most likely to be colonized by Muntjac in the near future. The greatest potential for range expansion is in Kent and Sussex, and to a lesser extent north into Lincolnshire, Nottinghamshire and south Yorkshire, and west into Cheshire and north Shropshire. However, long-established populations in areas such as Betws-y-Coed in Wales show that Muntjac may persist in low numbers in atypical habitats. Future habitat changes, such as the planting of new woodlands, and continued deliberate and accidental releases, are likely to lead to population changes in addition to those predicted by the logistic regression model.

Informed consent: an evaluation of patients' understanding and opinion (with respect to the operation of transurethral resection of prostate).

Abstract: The ability of patients to understand and recall information given prior to obtaining written consent was assessed in 55 patients who were due to undergo the operation of transurethral resection of prostate. The patients were also asked their opinion on informed consent. Most patients knew the position of the prostate and the purpose of the operation. Some aspects of the postoperative management and complications were less well remembered. In particular, 18% of the patients could not remember the possibility of retrograde ejaculation despite efforts to emphasize this. Of the patients who returned their questionnaires, 41% did not mind what happened to them provided they were made better; 54% trusted their doctor to do the right thing and did not think detailed explanation was important; 62% felt that consent forms are to protect the doctor's right; still most patients felt that consent forms were necessary. Sub-groups comparison showed no relationship between patients' attitude and their ability to recall information.

Characterization of Polymyxa species by restriction analysis of PCR‐amplified ribosomal DNA

Abstract: A molecular method is described to aid identification of the obligate parasite Polymyxa and discriminate between species (P. betae and P. graminis) and isolates. DNA was extracted from zoospores, resting spores and roots infected with P. betae and P. graminis and compared with that from negative control plants that were not inoculated with Polymyxa but were grown at the same time under the same conditions. The ribosomal internal transcribed spacers and 5.8S rDNAs were amplified by the polymerase chain reaction and digested with restriction enzymes to detect molecular differences between the species and isolates. There were differences between P. betae and P. graminis and two subgroups within P. graminis but so far this has not been correlated with any other biological property.

European brown hare syndrome in England.

Abstract: The livers from 50 brown hares (Lepus europaeus) were examined by electron microscopy for calicivirus-like particles typical of the virus of European brown hare syndrome (EBHS). The virus was visible in 23 of the livers which included four taken from hares which died in 1982 and 1985 and which had been stored at -20 degrees C. The clinical histories, post mortem and other findings associated with these 23 hares were similar to those described in cases of European brown hare syndrome in other European countries. The findings were compared with those associated with viral haemorrhagic disease (VHD) of rabbits which, although it did not occur in the United Kingdom until 1992, is also caused by a calicivirus believed to be related to EBHS virus. The finding of the virus in hares which died from the disease in 1982 is the earliest recorded isolation of the organism and predates the description of VHD virus and VHD in China in 1984. A retrospective review of post mortem reports revealed cases of disease between 1976 and 1977 which may have been due to EBHS and it is considered that the disease has occurred sporadically in England for several years. The results from suspected and confirmed cases of EBHS in England between 1976 and 1990 are reported and the epidemiology and emergence of the disease is considered.

The use of rigid endoscopes in cholesteatoma surgery.

Abstract: The existence of blind pockets in the middle ear during cholesteatoma surgery could compromise complete removal of the disease, e.g. from the sinus tympanum. The use of side-viewing rigid endoscopes in conjunction with the operating microscope to control and facilitate cholesteatoma removal during mastoid operation was studied. Ninety-two primary operations for cholesteatoma over a four-year period were examined. Over one-third (35.9 per cent) of these cases had cholesteatoma extended into the sinus tympanum. Sixty-four operations were small cavity mastoidectomy. The others were either canal wall reconstruction or primary obliteration following open cavity mastoidectomy. Although residual cholesteatoma was found in three patients, only one was in the middle ear. It is concluded from this study that side-viewing endoscopes could be very useful in cholesteatoma surgery.