Showing papers by "University of Alabama published in 1973"
145 citations
TL;DR: A sensitive method is reported to localize cystine-containing peptides in column effluents through reduction of disulfide bonds by sodium borohydride in guanidine followed by destruction of excess of sodium borbohydride by acid and acetone.
134 citations
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that the present series of patients had a high postcatheterization mortality rate, and both EF and M/V ratio were of prognostic value and thus appear to be useful indices for classifying such patients.
Abstract: Left ventricular (LV) function and hypertrophy, assessed during cardiac catheterization by quantitative biplane angiocardiography, were related to postcatheterization course in 36 patients found to have cardiomyopathy with depressed ejection fraction (EF). EF ranged from 0.09 to 0.41, LV mass (M) from 99 to 317 g/m2, LV end-diastolic volume (V) from 104 to 347 ml/m2, and ratio of M/V from 0.66 to 1.63. In this study, EF was used as an index of LV function; M/V ratio was considered to represent a relative degree of LV hypertrophy. Postcatheterization survival rates (PCSR) for all patients at 12, 24, and 36 months were 68.8 ± 7.8%, 49.9 ± 9.2%, and 32.8 ± 10.2%. The 36-month PCSR was significantly higher for patients (N = 15) with EF ≥ 0.20 (75.1 ± 14.5%) than for those (N = 21) with EF < 0.20 (0%) (P < 0.01). The 36-month PCSR was also significantly higher for patients (N = 19) with M/V ratio ≥ 0.90 (53.6 ± 14.8%) than for those (N = 17) with M/V ratio < 0.90 (12.4 ± 10.4%) (P < 0.05). M/V ratio appeared t...
131 citations
TL;DR: The degree of aortic regurgitation was more commonly overestimated than underestimated from the aortogram, but the correlation tended to be better in the patients with a large end-diastolic volume and normal ejection fraction and without aorti or mitral stenosis.
Abstract: Cineaortography, quantitative biplane left ventricular angiocardiography and Fick cardiac output studies were performed in 69 patients with aortic regurgitation to evaluate the usefulness of the aortogram in quantitating regurgitation. Thirteen patients had coexistent aortic stenosis and 12 had coexistent mitral stenosis. Patients with concomitant mitral regurgitation were excluded because their aortic regurgitant flow cannot be separately quantified with biplane ventriculography. Twenty-eight other patients without valvular regurgitation were also studied to assess further the accuracy of the quantitative ventriculography, and the stroke volumes derived from Fick and angiographic methods were found to correlate well (r = 0.97). Aortic regurgitation in the 69 patients, graded on a 1 to 5 scale from the aortogram, correlated significantly with the percent and volume of regurgitation (r = 0.56 and 0.65, P < 0.01), respectively). However, there was a wide range in amount of regurgitant flow within the aortographic grades, especially in grades 4 and 5, and there was considerable overlap between the grades. The degree of aortic regurgitation was more commonly overestimated than underestimated from the aortogram, but the correlation tended to be better in the patients with a large end-diastolic volume and normal ejection fraction and without aortic or mitral stenosis.
131 citations
TL;DR: The blood supply to most of the human His bundle and its proximal branches is thus dual in origin, with anastomosis principally within the His bundle.
Abstract: The three major coronary arteries of 10 normal human hearts were injected with differentially colored gelatin mass for histologic determination of the blood supply to the His bundle and proximal bundle branches. The His bundle was dually supplied by the A-V node artery and the first septal branch of the left anterior descending artery in nine hearts, but entirely by the A-V node artery in one. The proximal right bundle branch was supplied by both the A-V node artery and septal branch in five hearts, only the septal branch in four, and the A-V node artery alone in one. The anterior half of the left bundle branch was dually supplied by the A-V node artery and septal branch in four hearts, entirely by the septal branch in five, and the A-V node artery alone in one. The posterior half of the left bundle branch was supplied by the A-V node artery alone in five hearts, dually by the A-V node artery and septal branch in four, and by the septal branch alone in one. The blood supply to most of the human His bundle and its proximal branches is thus dual in origin, with anastomosis principally within the His bundle.
130 citations
TL;DR: It was concluded that the serum ∆osm is an effective screening procedure for a group of intoxicants that attain high, toxic, serum levels and have relatively low molecular weights.
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the applicability of the serum osmolality in cases of intoxication with drugs or other substances. Twenty-one patients with ethanol intoxication, five with isopropanol intoxication, and 28 overdosed with 18 drugs were studied. Serum osmolalities and appropriate drug analyses were performed in all cases. The normal serum delta osmolality (∆osm) was determined in 56 healthy individuals. It was concluded that the serum ∆osm is an effective screening procedure for a group of intoxicants that attain high, toxic, serum levels and have relatively low molecular weights. This group includes ethanol, isopropanol, methanol, acetone, ethyl ether, and trichloroethane. In addition, if these intoxicants are identified the serum concentrations can be calculated. However, most drugs or intoxicants cannot be screened using the ∆osm because their serum levels are low and their molecular weights high, so that they have negligible effects on osmolality.
126 citations
TL;DR: This observation suggests that hydrophobic interactions are responsible for the phase transition of α-elastin with increase in temperature, and for the formation of fibrous structures with dimensions similar to those observed for the elastin fiber in the native state.
125 citations
TL;DR: Initial hemodynamics were studied in 50 patients with acute myocardial infarction classified according to anterior or inferior location, and there was a significant difference when initial left ventricular filling pressure, stroke index, heart rate and stroke work index were considered together.
Abstract: Initial hemodynamics were studied in 50 patients with acute myocardial infarction classified according to anterior or inferior location. Twenty-two had anterior transmural infarction (indicated by Q wave changes), 12 had anterior necrosis (S-T and T wave changes plus increases in serum enzymes), 11 had inferior transmural infarction and 5 inferior necrosis. When initial left ventricular filling pressure, stroke index, heart rate and stroke work index were considered together in all patients, there was a significant difference (P
88 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide additional insight into characteristics of consumers experiencing dissatisfaction with some household appliances as well as a profile of those consumers who express their dissatisfactions and those who don't and the places turned to by those who do complain.
Abstract: Dissatisfactions of consumers with household appliances and consumers' attempts to get action to overcome their dissatisfaction are frequently discussed and reported. However, only limited empirical research that permits generalization is available. This study provides additional insight into characteristics of consumers experiencing dissatisfaction with some household appliances as well as a profile of those consumers who express their dissatisfactions and those who don't and the places turned to by those consumers who do complain.
83 citations
TL;DR: Examples of fully domesticated common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris and lima beans) were recovered from deposits in Guitarrero Cave (PAn 14-102) in the Callej�n de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru.
Abstract: Examples of fully domesticated common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) and lima beans (Phaseolus lunatus) were recovered from deposits in Guitarrero Cave (PAn 14-102) in the Callejon de Huaylas, Ancash, Peru. Carbon-14 dates for stratum II, in which the earliest beans were found, range from 7,680 ± 280 to 10,000 ± 300 years before the present.
69 citations
TL;DR: The roentgenographic relationship of the left ventricle and inferior vena cava correlated poorly with left ventricular size, and subgrouping of patients according to specificleft ventricular hemodynamic alterations did not improve correlations.
Abstract: In order to assess the accuracy of radiographic parameters of left heart enlargement, quantitative biplane angiographic data was compared to chest X-ray data in 254 adults with various heart diseases. Cardiac silhouette volume measured from PA and lateral chest roentgenograms compared most favorably to the sum of the left ventricular mass, end-diastolic volume, and left atrial maximal volume (r = 0.78, P < 0.01; 79% accuracy). The cardiothoracic ratio gave 70% accuracy (r = 0.64, P < 0.01). Subgrouping of patients according to specific left ventricular hemodynamic alterations did not improve correlations. The roentgenographic relationship of the left ventricle and inferior vena cava correlated poorly with left ventricular size. Of 99 patients with increased left atrial maximal volumes, 81 had visible posterior displacement of the barium-outlined esophagus by the left atrium.
TL;DR: Stable sinus and AV junctional rates (each in the same animal) were obtained in 50 open-chest dogs anesthetized with pentobarbital, demonstrating a 2:3 ratio between these two variables.
TL;DR: The inverse temperature transition which is responsible for coacervate formation at body temperatures and the effect of sodium dodecyl sulfate and trifluoroethanol in producing the coacovate CD pattern in solution suggests that hydrophobic interactions are important in the ordered association of α-elastin molecules to form the coACervate.
TL;DR: Results indicated that rubratoxin is a growth retardant, a potent embryocide and a teratogen of albino mice, and exencephaly, malformed pinnae, mal formed jaws, umbilical hernia and open eye were the most commonly noted developmental anomalies associated with rubrat toxin treatment.
Abstract: Single doses (0.4, 0.6, 0.9, or 1.2 mg/kg) of rubratoxin B were given ip to albino mice on days 6–12 of gestation and fetuses were examined on day 18. Results indicated that rubratoxin is a growth retardant, a potent embryocide and a teratogen. Exencephaly, malformed pinnae, malformed jaws, umbilical hernia and open eye were the most commonly noted developmental anomalies associated with rubratoxin treatment.
TL;DR: The analyses performed yielded insight into the significance of the various commonly presenting symptoms in these lesions, including the slope of the carotid upstroke, calcium in the valve, T wave inversion and a large thrusting left ventricular impulse, which indicated a high peak gradient.
Abstract: Clinical data were analyzed in a group of 79 patients with aortic stenosis or combined aortic stenosis and insufficiency by the usual methods and by discriminant function analysis. It was possible to predict the level of aortic-left ventricular gradient (above or below 50 mm Hg) from signs and symptoms in approximately 83 percent of patients. The analyses performed yielded insight into the significance of the various commonly presenting symptoms in these lesions. For example, the slope of the carotid upstroke, calcium in the valve, T wave inversion and a large thrusting left ventricular impulse all indicated a high peak gradient, whereas syncope did not contribute to the separation of values. Heart failure made an insignificant contribution to prediction of the level of gradient.
TL;DR: Results suggest that subclinical congenital toxoplasmosis may have an adverse effect on intellectual development.
TL;DR: Although the precise mode of introduction of the organism into the nursery could not be determined in retrospect, the epidemiological data strongly suggested that one infant contracted a P. aeruginosa infection and this strain spread throughout the nursery by means of contaminated resuscitation equipment.
Abstract: In April 1971, nine cases of Pseudomonas aeruginosa septicemia occurred in a high-risk nursery. The epidemiology of the outbreak was studied by pyocin production, pyocin sensitivity, serological typing, antibiotic susceptibility, and phenotypic properties such as colonial morphology, pigment, and hemolysis. Ten isolates of P. aeruginosa were recovered from 9 newborn infants and from 13 environmental sources. Twenty-one of the 23 isolates had identical pyocin production patterns against 60 different indicator strains and were of the same serotype. These 21 isolates were designated as the „outbreak strain”; the other 2 isolates had no epidemiological significance. The results of pyocin sensitivity, antibiotic susceptibility tests, and phenotypic properties were dissimilar. They would yield incorrect epidemiological conclusions if used alone. The outbreak strain dissociated in vitro and these phenotypic changes accounted for the variable results by the latter three typing methods. Although the precise mode of introduction of the organism into the nursery could not be determined in retrospect, the epidemiological data strongly suggested that one infant contracted a P. aeruginosa infection, and this strain spread throughout the nursery by means of contaminated resuscitation equipment.
TL;DR: The prevalence of speech problems in a junior and senior high-school population was studied in Tuscaloosa, Alabama, and stuttering and articulatory disorders were the most frequently observed speech disorders.
Abstract: The prevalence of speech problems in a junior and senior high-school population was studied. Speech problems were observed in 5.5% of 5054 junior and senior highschool students in the Tuscaloosa, Alabama, City Schools. Stuttering and articulatory disorders were the most frequently observed speech disorders, each having an incidence of 2.1%.
TL;DR: Because it contains material concerned with the many critical problems of diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and treatment which arise when a patient presents with a possible stroke, Medical and Surgical Management is one of the most important Sections to appear in this series of publications.
Abstract: Because it contains material concerned with the many critical problems of diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and treatment which arise when a patient presents with a possible stroke, Medical and Surgical Management is one of the most important Sections to appear in this series of publications from the Joint Committee for Stroke Facilities. Practical aspects of the management of transient ischemic attacks (TIA), strokes-inevolution, completed strokes, and the comatose patient are discussed in detail, and attempts made to distinguish between ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Recommendations of the study group are listed.
TL;DR: In this paper, the synthesis details of solution polymerization in benzene and bulk polymerization of vinylferrocene are reported, with azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as the initiator.
Abstract: The synthetic details of solution polymerization in benzene and bulk polymerization of vinylferrocene are reported. In benzene solutions, with azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as the initiator, small yields of low-polydispersity low molecular weight (Mn ≃ 5000) polyvinylferrocene is obtained. However, high yields can be obtained by continuous or multiple AIBN addition. Higher molecular weight polymers and binodal polymers can be obtained as the monomer concentration is increased. In bulk polymerizations, yields of 80% can be obtained. The molecular weight increases as temperature decreases from 80 to 60°C in bulk polymerizations, and an increasing amount of insoluble polymer results. The soluble portion is often binodal, the higher molecular weight node consisting of an increasingly branched structure. Lower molecular weight polymer was readily fractionated into narrow fractions from benzene–methanol systems, but higher molecular weight polymer proved impossible to fractionate into narrow fractions due to branching.
TL;DR: It is suggested that cycloheximide interferes not only with the animals' capacity to enter the paradoxical sleep stage, but that it also may interfere with the mechanism required for the Paradoxical sleep rebound to be expressed.
TL;DR: It is found that the bifurcation of the common carotid artery can be located amazingly low on the neck or even within the upper mediastinum, as well as at T3 level and three at T1-2 level.
Abstract: This study was based on angiographic records. We found that the bifurcation of the common carotid artery can be located amazingly low on the neck or even within the upper mediastinum. We have described five such instances; two bifurcations at the T3 level and three at T1-2 level. We are not aware of prior reports of bifurcations at such low positions from our review of previous literature. Finally, the practical importance of this anomaly is mentioned and the embryology is briefly discussed.
TL;DR: It would appear that in this disorder MEF represents primarily a secretory response to inflammation rather than a transudate, and there was a decreased likelihood of isolating pathogenic bacteria from MEF if the patient had higher concentrations of IgA in MEF than in simultaneously obtained serum.
Abstract: Immunoglobulin concentrations were studied in 255 specimens of middle ear fluid (MEF) from 165 episodes of acute otitis media in children. There were significant amounts of all three major immunoglobulins (Ig) in MEF, the mean concentration of IgA being 39 mg/100 ml, of IgM 63 mg/100 ml, and of IgG 383 mg/100 ml. Secretory component was present in all 10 MEF specimens in which it was sought. In patients over 9 months of age, there was a decreased likelihood of isolating pathogenic bacteria from MEF if the patient had higher concentrations of IgA in MEF than in simultaneously obtained serum. IgA concentrations were greater in MEF than in serum in almost half the patients, and the mean MEF-serum ratio for IgA was 1.38. Thus, it would appear that in this disorder MEF represents primarily a secretory response to inflammation rather than a transudate.
TL;DR: An effective technique of load distribution reduced the rate of increase in blood pressure, heart rate and the peak attained during dynamic exercise, thereby suggesting a lower level of myocardial oxygen consumption for a given weight-carrying task.
Abstract: This study evaluated the hypothesis that the isometric stress of load carrying augments the dynamic exercise response seen on the treadmill, and estimated the magnitude of this effect on heart rate and blood pressure for several methods of carrying the same load. Thirteen healthy subjects carried 40 lb in the right hand (H), 40 lb on the back (B), 20 lb in each hand (D) and no weight (N) while walking for 3 minutes on the treadmill at a grade of 0 at 1.7 miles/ hour. A statistically significant increase in the rate of rise and peak levels of systolic blood pressure, heart rate, estimated mean blood pressure, the product of estimated mean blood pressure and heart rate and systolic blood pressure-heart rate product was shown when task H was compared with tasks B, D and N. Values for tasks D and B did not differ significantly. The effects of isometric and dynamic exercise combined were greater than those of dynamic exercise alone. An effective technique of load distribution reduced the rate of increase in blood pressure, heart rate and the peak attained during dynamic exercise, thereby suggesting a lower level of myocardial oxygen consumption for a given weight-carrying task. These results can be applied to evaluation of patients with heart disease and estimation of their exercise tolerance.
TL;DR: Data indicate that dehydrohydroxylysinohydroxynorleucine undergoes an Amadori rearrangement producing a more stable keto-amine form of the cross-link, which is cleaved by periodate allowing recovery of the component peptides.
TL;DR: This case is an example of sudden unexpected death in which there was a fibroma compressing the His bundle and it will be necessary to reconstruct probable clinical events retrospectively in such cases.
Abstract: Necropsy studies of sudden death should always include examination of the conduction system of the heart but seldom do. This case is an example of sudden unexpected death in which there was a fibroma compressing the His bundle. Almost by definition it will be necessary to reconstruct probable clinical events retrospectively in such cases and several such considerations are made here. By studying individual examples and appropriate groups of cases in this way, it should be possible to reduce the number of “unexplained” cases, to formulate reasonable hypotheses for prospective examination, and ultimately to devise means of preventing some of these deaths.
TL;DR: This is the first report of wholly synthetic transmembrane channels which are related only by conformational arguments to known naturally occurring polypeptides.
TL;DR: A representative selection of the types of studies available will be reviewed and it will be suggested that the major failure of these studies is the incomplete consideration of the intermediate variables linking migration and mental illness.
Abstract: T HE literature on the relationship between migration and mental illness, contains a mass of data. However, one is struck by the contradictory nature of the data and the absence of an analytical, theoretical framework in which the data was gathered. In this paper, a representative selection of the types of studies available will be reviewed. It will be suggested that the major failure of these studies is the incomplete consideration of the intermediate variables linking migration and mental illness. Finally, an analytic framework incorporating these variables will be presented, showing how the available data can then be better understood and how such a framework can be useful for future research. This framework is equally valid for immigration and in-migration. Thus, except where used specifically in in studies cited, the work migrant in this paper will refer to anyone who moves, whether the move is across a state line or an ocean.
TL;DR: It is shown that e-prototoxin and e-toxin possess high amounts of β-conformation, and the activation of e-Prototoxin is accompanied by a conformational change since significant differences were observed in the ORD and CD parameters.