Institution
Weizmann Institute of Science
Education•Rehovot, Israel•
About: Weizmann Institute of Science is a education organization based out in Rehovot, Israel. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Gene. The organization has 21942 authors who have published 54561 publications receiving 3032812 citations. The organization is also known as: Bessie F. Lawrence International Summer Science Institute & Weitzman Institute.
Topics: Population, Gene, Antigen, Receptor, Immune system
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
•
06 Jun 2016TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that a simple (approximately radial) function on R d, expressible by a small 3-layer feedforward neural networks, which cannot be approximated by any 2-layer network, unless its width is exponential in the dimension.
Abstract: We show that there is a simple (approximately radial) function on R d , expressible by a small 3-layer feedforward neural networks, which cannot be approximated by any 2-layer network, to more than a certain constant accuracy, unless its width is exponential in the dimension. The result holds for virtually all known activation functions, including rectified linear units, sigmoids and thresholds, and formally demonstrates that depth ‐ even if increased by 1 ‐ can be exponentially more valuable than width for standard feedforward neural networks. Moreover, compared to related results in the context of Boolean functions, our result requires fewer assumptions, and the proof techniques and construction are very different.
490 citations
••
TL;DR: This work estimates the expected total number of proteins per unit of cell volume using known parameters related to the composition of cells such as the fraction of cell mass that is protein, and the average protein length, and finds that measured values are often about 3–10 times lower.
Abstract: Novel methods such as mass-spectrometry enable a view of the proteomes of cells in unprecedented detail. Recently, these efforts have culminated in quantitative measurements of the number of copies per cell for most expressed proteins in organisms ranging from bacteria to mammalian cells. Here, we estimate the expected total number of proteins per unit of cell volume using known parameters related to the composition of cells such as the fraction of cell mass that is protein, and the average protein length. Using simple arguments, we estimate a range of 2–4 million proteins per cubic micron (i.e. 1 fL) in bacteria, yeast, and mammalian cells. Interestingly, we find that measured values that are reported for fission yeast and mammalian cells are often about 3–10 times lower. We discuss this apparent discrepancy and how to use the estimate as benchmark to recalibrate proteome-wide quantitative censuses or to revisit assumptions about cell composition.
490 citations
••
TL;DR: In this article, the authors studied leptogenesis from the out-of-equilibrium decays of the lightest heavy neutrino N1 in the medium (low) temperature regime, T1012 GeV (109 GeV), where the rates of processes mediated by the τ (and μ) Yukawa coupling are non negligible.
Abstract: We study leptogenesis from the out-of-equilibrium decays of the lightest heavy neutrino N1 in the medium (low) temperature regime, T1012 GeV (109 GeV), where the rates of processes mediated by the τ (and μ) Yukawa coupling are non negligible, implying that the effects of lepton flavors must be taken into account. We find important quantitative and qualitative differences with respect to the case where flavor effects are ignored: (i) The cosmic baryon asymmetry can be enhanced by up to one order of magnitude; (ii) The sign of the asymmetry can be opposite to what one would predict from the sign of the total lepton asymmetry 1; (iii) Successful leptogenesis is possible even with 1 = 0.
490 citations
••
TL;DR: It is shown in mouse models of obesity and diabetes that hyperglycemia drives intestinal barrier permeability, through GLUT2-dependent transcriptional reprogramming of intestinal epithelial cells and alteration of tight and adherence junction integrity, which leads to systemic influx of microbial products and enhanced dissemination of enteric infection.
Abstract: Obesity, diabetes, and related manifestations are associated with an enhanced, but poorly understood, risk for mucosal infection and systemic inflammation. Here, we show in mouse models of obesity and diabetes that hyperglycemia drives intestinal barrier permeability, through GLUT2-dependent transcriptional reprogramming of intestinal epithelial cells and alteration of tight and adherence junction integrity. Consequently, hyperglycemia-mediated barrier disruption leads to systemic influx of microbial products and enhanced dissemination of enteric infection. Treatment of hyperglycemia, intestinal epithelial-specific GLUT2 deletion, or inhibition of glucose metabolism restores barrier function and bacterial containment. In humans, systemic influx of intestinal microbiome products correlates with individualized glycemic control, indicated by glycated hemoglobin levels. Together, our results mechanistically link hyperglycemia and intestinal barrier function with systemic infectious and inflammatory consequences of obesity and diabetes.
490 citations
••
TL;DR: In Spirodela oligorrhiza, mature chloroplasts copiously synthesize and degrade a 32-kilodalton membrane protein, with degradation coupled to electron transport rather than phosphorylation.
Abstract: In Spirodela oligorrhiza, mature chloroplasts copiously synthesize and degrade a 32-kilodalton membrane protein. The rates of synthesis and degradation are controlled by light intensity, the protein being unstable in the light and stable in the dark. Light-driven synthesis, but not degradation, is dependent on ATP. Degradation is blocked by herbicides inhibiting photosystem II electron transport, such as diuron and atrazine. Thus, both anabolism and catabolism of the 32-kilodalton protein are photoregulated, with degradation coupled to electron transport rather than phosphorylation.
489 citations
Authors
Showing all 22106 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Lewis C. Cantley | 196 | 748 | 169037 |
Chris Sander | 178 | 713 | 233287 |
David A. Weitz | 178 | 1038 | 114182 |
Michael I. Jordan | 176 | 1016 | 216204 |
Richard H. Friend | 169 | 1182 | 140032 |
Yang Yang | 164 | 2704 | 144071 |
Aviv Regev | 163 | 640 | 133857 |
Dongyuan Zhao | 160 | 872 | 106451 |
Tobin J. Marks | 159 | 1621 | 111604 |
Klaus Rajewsky | 154 | 504 | 88793 |
Roberto Romero | 151 | 1516 | 108321 |
Rui Zhang | 151 | 2625 | 107917 |
Joseph Schlessinger | 150 | 492 | 98862 |
Mikhail D. Lukin | 146 | 606 | 81034 |
Danny Reinberg | 145 | 342 | 68201 |