Showing papers by "Wrocław University of Technology published in 1994"
TL;DR: The Neyman's smooth test as discussed by the authors is a well-known goodness-of-fit procedure for testing uniformity, which can be viewed as a compromise between omnibus test procedures, with generally low power in all directions, and procedures whose power is focused in the direction of a specific alternative.
Abstract: Neyman's smooth test for testing uniformity is a recognized goodness-of-fit procedure. As stated by LaRiccia, the test can be viewed as a compromise between omnibus test procedures, with generally low power in all directions, and procedures whose power is focused in the direction of a specific alternative. The basic idea behind this test is to embed the null density into, say, a k-dimensional exponential family and then to construct an asymptotically optimal test for the parametric testing problem. The resulting procedure is Neyman's test with k components. The most difficult problem related with using this test is the choice of k. Recommendations in statistical literature are sometimes confusing. Some authors advocate a small number of components, whereas others show that in some situations a larger number of components is profitable. All existing suggestions concerning how to select k exploit in fact some preliminary knowledge about a possible alternative. In this article, a new data-driven met...
219 citations
TL;DR: It is found that the antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of indolo[2,3-b]quinolines was strongly influenced by the position, and the number of methyl substituents and the presence of methyl group at pyridine nitrogen was essential for the cytotoxicity of these compounds.
Abstract: In furtherance of our SAR study on the chemistry and antitumor activity of fused nitrogen heteroaromatic compounds, a series of linear, methyl-substituted derivatives of 5H- and 6H-indolo[2,3-b]quinolines were synthesized according to the modified Graebe-Ullmann reaction. To establish the relationship between the physicochemical and biological activities of indolo[2,3-b]quinolines, their lipophilic properties, cytotoxic and antimicrobial activity, and ability to induce topoisomerase II dependent pSP65 DNA cleavage in vitro were investigated. We found that the antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of indolo[2,3-b]quinolines was strongly influenced by the position, and the number of methyl substituents and the presence of methyl group at pyridine nitrogen was essential for the cytotoxicity of these compounds. All indolo[2,3-b]quinolines belonging to the 5H series, i.e., bearing a methyl group on the pyridine nitrogen, showed significant activity against procaryotic and eucaryotic organisms. They inhibited the growth of Gram-positive bacteria and pathogenic fungi at MIC range 3 x 10(-2) to 2.5 x 10(-1) mumol/mL, displayed cytotoxicity against KB cells ID50 in the range 2 x 10(-3) to 9 x 10(-3) mumol/mL, and stimulated the formation of calf thymus topoisomerase II mediated DNA cleavage at concentration between 0.4 and 10 microM. None of the indolo[2,3-b]quinolines belonging to the 6H series, i.e., lacking a methyl group on the pyridine nitrogen, was active in analogous tests. Of the investigated compounds, the most active was 2,5,9,11-tetramethyl-5H-indolo[2,3-b]quinoline, a compound bearing the highest number of symmetrically distributed methyl groups. The interaction of indolo[2,3-b]quinolines with DNA was studied by measuring the increase of calf thymus DNA denaturating temperature (Tm). The delta Tm values for the 5H series were found to be about 10 times as high as those for the 6H compounds. Indolo[2,3-b]quinolines with the highest number of methyl groups had the greatest contribution to the increase in the Tm of calf thymus DNA. The values of delta Tm reached 19 degrees C and 1.6 degrees C for the most substituted compounds of both series.
178 citations
TL;DR: The solidarity value as discussed by the authors is a new value for cooperative TU games satisfying the efficiency, additivity, and symmetry axioms of Shapley (1953) and some new postulate connected with the average marginal contributions of the members of coalitions which can form.
Abstract: In this paper, we introduce axiomatically a new value for cooperative TU games satisfying the efficiency, additivity, and symmetry axioms of Shapley (1953) and some new postulate connected with the average marginal contributions of the members of coalitions which can form. Our solution is referred to as the solidarity value. The reason is that its interpretation can be based on the assumption that if a coalition, sayS, forms, then the players who contribute toS more than the average marginal contribution of a member ofS support in some sense their “weaker” partners inS. Sometimes, it happens that the solidarity value belongs to the core of a game while the Shapley value does not.
157 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the applicability of the Gaudin-Miaw-Spedden theory which states that molecular and sheet crystals, if their structure is controlled by the residual bonds across their basal planes, is confirmed.
88 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors introduce axiomatically a unique value on the more general class of games indicated above for the classical cooperative TU games and discuss probabilistic values on the space of generalized games.
60 citations
TL;DR: Knowledge derived from studies of how legumes regulate rhizobial symbionts with natural plant products offers a basis for defining new fundamental concepts of rhizosphere ecology.
Abstract: In addition to the flavonoids exuded by many legumes as signals to their rhizobial symbionts, alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) releases two betaines, trigonelline and stachydrine, that induce nodulation (nod) genes in Rhizobium meliloti. Experiments with 14C-phenylalanine in the presence and absence of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase inhibitors show that exudation of flavonoid nod-gene inducers from alfalfa roots is linked closely to their concurrent synthesis. In contrast, flavonoid and betaine nod-gene inducers are already present on mature seeds before they are released during germination. Alfalfa seeds and roots release structurally different nod-gene-inducing signals in the absence of rhizobia. When R. meliloti is added to roots, medicarpin, a classical isoflavonoid phytoalexin normally elicited by pathogens, and a nod-gene-inducing compound, formononetin-7-O-(6″-O-malonylglycoside), are exuded. Carbon flow through the phenylpropanoid pathway and into the flavonoid pathway via chalcone synthase is controlled by complex cis-acting sequences and trans-acting factors which are not completely understood. Even less information is available on molecular regulation of the two other biosynthetic pathways that produce trigonelline and stachydrine. Presumably the three separate pathways for producing nod-gene inducers in some way protect the plant against fluctuations in the production or transmission of the two classes of signals. Factors influencing transmission of alfalfa nod-gene inducers through soil are poorly defined, but solubility differences between hydrophobic flavonoids and hydrophilic betaines suggest that the diffusional traits of these molecules are not similar. Knowledge derived from studies of how legumes regulate rhizobial symbionts with natural plant products offers a basis for defining new fundamental concepts of rhizosphere ecology.
57 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an equation more complete than any existing one in literature for the upper size limit of flotation was presented and tested against mercury drops, spherical particles of sulfur, and paraffin-coated grains of different solids.
56 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the enthalpies of phase transition in the lanthanide chlorides have been measured with a differential scanning calorimeter and also with a Calvet-type microcalorimeter to within an experimental error of ±2%.
54 citations
TL;DR: Plasma modification does not cause toxic effects and does not influence disadvantageously the tested polyester biocompatibility, and the huge changes in surface energy cause only minor changes in the biological behaviour of the samples.
45 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the molar enthalpies of mixing ΔmixHm in the liquid NaClNdCl3, KCl-Cl-3, RbCl-cl-3 and CsCl-ncl3 binary systems were measured over the whole composition range at 1124, 1065, 1122 and 1122 K, respectively, with an accuracy of about 6%.
43 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, four modes of bubble movement in the monobubble Hallimond tube, including vertical coalescent string of bubbles, Archimedean spiral, symmetrical spiral, and lateral bubble movement, were distinguished and discussed.
TL;DR: A 3/2-approximation algorithm which runs in O(n log n) time and a new robust lower bound for this problem of scheduling jobs with release times and delivery times is presented.
TL;DR: In this article, an amphoteric chelating resin with guanidyl and carboxyl groups at a concentration of ca. 13 and 2.4 mmol/g, respectively, is obtained.
TL;DR: The molar enthalpies of the solid solid and solid liquid phase transitions were determined by differential scanning calorimetry for the compounds K2LaCl5, Rb3LaCl6, Cs3LnCl6 (LnCe, Ce, Pr, Nd), K3CeCl6 and Cs 3Lncl6 as discussed by the authors.
TL;DR: In this paper, the synthesis of phosphono peptides containing phosphonamidate bond by means of phosphorylation of amino acid esters with N-protected aminoalkylphosphonochloridates, is accompanied by the formation of an unidentified side-product.
TL;DR: It is shown that the problems of the end-users can be efficiently solved when the additional information about user needs and preferences is introduced by means of the socalled “profiles.”
Abstract: The constant growth of the number of end-users who are deprived of the help of intermediary searchers is a source of substantial problems which have to be solved at the different levels of the communication between the human and the computer system. As far as the information retrieval system is concerned the main problem is to provide a satisfactory output to a typical query put by a typical end-user. In this article we have shown that the problems of the end-users can be efficiently solved when the additional information about user needs and preferences is introduced by means of the socalled “profiles.” The complete description of the information retrieval model, its characteristics, and algorithms for computing the profiles have been presented. Some ways of modification and forming a general model are shown at the end of the article.
TL;DR: In this article, the co-carbonization of coal-tar pitch with weak-coking coal mixtures for the production of high-strength metallurgical cokes for the blast furnace process was investigated.
TL;DR: In this paper, ammonium bromides were synthesized as nonaggregating standards for acid-catalyzed reactions of long-chain aliphatic aldehydes and the structure and purity of the compounds were proved by mass spectrometry and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
Abstract: In acid-catalyzed reactions of long-chain aliphatic aldehydes (Ia-d wherea=n-C7H15;b=n-C9H19;c=n-C11H23; d=n-C13H27), and tridecan-7-on (Ie) with 3-chloro-1,2-propane-diol, 2-alkyl- and 2,2-dihexyl-4-chloromethyl-1,3-dioxolanes (IIa-e) were obtained. They were reacted with anhydrous dimethylamine to obtain, respectively, 2-alkyl-and [(2,2-dihexyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methyl] dimethylamines (IIIa-e), which were quaternized with methyl bromide to obtain the desired ammonium bromides (IVa-e). The structure and purity of the compounds was proved by mass spectrometry and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Additionally, [(2-methyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)methyl] trimethylammonium bromide and [(2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl)-methyl] trimethylammonium bromide were synthesized as nonaggregating standards. Hydrolysis reactions of the synthesized ammonium bromides were performed by 0.1 M hydrochloric acid in 1∶1 (vol/vol) 1,4-dioxane-water mixtures at 50, 60 and 70°C. Rate constants of hydrolysis reactions were determined by observing carbonyl group formation at 280 nm. The hydrolytic reactivity of the studied surfactants (IVa-c,e) was determined under unaggregated conditions. Compound IVd showed decreased reactivity. The length of the 2-alkyl group has a minor effect on rate constant values. The influence of various substituents at the C-4 atom of the 2-nonyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl derivatives on rate constants was also investigated.
TL;DR: The problem is NP-hard and a heuristic algorithm with a tight worst-case performance bound of 3 2 and which requires O(n log n) time is proposed which minimizes the time by which all jobs are delivered.
TL;DR: The effect of plasma treatment of polyethylene ultrafiltration membranes on fouling and cleaning phenomena during filtration of bovine serum albumin solutions is discussed.
Abstract: The effect of plasma treatment of polyethylene ultrafiltration membranes on fouling and cleaning phenomena during filtration of bovine serum albumin solutions is discussed. Air-plasma of 2,45 GHz raises the membrane surface hydrophilicity from 0 up to 60%. The flux is maintained at 90-99%. Plasma-treated membranes are easier to clean than untreated polyethylene membranes. Despite that, the plasma-modified membranes are susceptible to more intensive deposition of albumin
TL;DR: In this paper, a discrete-time non-linear time series system of a cascade structure is identified, which consists of a nonlinear memoryless element followed by a dynamic linear subsystem.
Abstract: A discrete-time non-linear time series system of a cascade structure is identified. The system consists of a non-linear memoryless element followed by a dynamic linear subsystem. The non-linear characteristic is recovered with the help of the kernel regression estimate. The consistency of the estimate in the presence of correlated noise is examined. The rate of convergence as well as some variance reduction method are established. Data-driven techniques for selection of a smoothing parameter are discussed. The identification of a linear part of the system is also studied
TL;DR: In this article, the proton and copper(II) complexes of a series of ambidentate N-(phosphonomethyl)amino acids which contain both iminocarboxylate and iminophosphonate moieties were determined at 25°C and at an ionic strength of 0.20 mol dm-3(KCl).
Abstract: pH-Metric and spectroscopic (absorption and EPR) studies were made of the proton and copper(II) complexes of a series of ambidentate N-(phosphonomethyl)amino acids which contain both iminocarboxylate and iminophosphonate moieties. The stoichiometries and stability constants of the complexes formed were determined at 25°C and at an ionic strength of 0.20 mol dm–3(KCl). Stability data and spectroscopic measurements revealed that the first ligand molecule co-ordinates very strongly, forming a tridentate equimolar species, while the second one binds to the metal ion much less effectively in an axial-equatorial mode. The results were compared with those on the carboxylate analogues iminodiacetic acid and nitrilotriacetic acid.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide conditions under which zero-sum average payoff stochastic games with a Borel state space have a value and the players possess optimal stationary strategies.
TL;DR: In the paper a construction of Nash equilibria for a random priority finite horizon two-person non-zero sum game with stopping of Markov process is given and the method is used to solve the two- person non- zero-sum game version of the secretary problem.
Abstract: In the paper a construction of Nash equilibria for a random priority finite horizon two-person non-zero sum game with stopping of Markov process is given. The method is used to solve the two-person non-zero-sum game version of the secretary problem. Each player can choose only one applicant. If both players would like to select the same one, then the lottery chooses the player. The aim of the players is to choose the best candidate. An analysis of the solutions for different lotteries is given. Some lotteries admit equilibria with equal Nash values for the players.
TL;DR: In this article, the molar enthalpies of mixing Δ mix H m were measured at 1122 K over the whole composition range under argon at atmospheric pressure, with an accuracy of about 6%.
TL;DR: In this paper, the molar enthalpies of mixing in the DyCl3-NaCl, DyCl 3-KCl and DyCl-3-PrCl3 liquid binary systems were measured at temperature of 1100, 1070 and 1074 K respectively over the whole composition range under argon at atmospheric pressure.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present results of long-term high-temperature stability examinations of different resistor/conductor systems (in the temperature range 400-600 °C) and several conductive films with different metallurgy (for temperatures between 600 and 1000 °C).
Abstract: The temperature of gas sensors influences their sensitivity, selectivity and response time. Most of them are operated at significantly elevated tempertures (e.g. electrochemical sensors based on semiconducting metal oxided require up to 900 °C). The possibility of using thick-film heaters in smart planar sensors if often reported. This paper, however, presents results of long-term high-temperature stability examinations of different resistor/conductor systems (in the temperature range 400–600 °C) and several conductive films with different metallurgy (for temperatures between 600 and 1000 °C). It is shown that the RuO2/Au thick-film system based on commercially available resistive and conductive inks allows continuous, long-term operation up to 400 °C. Moreover, the allowable operating temperature is much higher for heaters made form conductive films; for example PtAu heaters can operate successfully up to 600 °C whereas fritless platinum heaters are satisfactory in the whole range demanded by electrochemical sensors.
TL;DR: The presented retrieval rules may be viewed as the logical approach in implementing a physical distributed information retrieval system.
Abstract: problem of combining n local information systems S 1 , S 2 , …, S n based on thesauri with weights in one system S is considered. The distributed information retrieval system S may be assumed to be a network of the local systems S j . Both the generalization relation on the set of descriptors and weights of descriptors in descriptions of documents are taken into account. The fundamental properties of distributed systems are described. The inverted file structure is often used to organize data in the information retrieval system. Operations on inverted lists are modified in order to use them in the distributed information system. While retrieving the response to any query in a distributed system, we may use the existing inverted lists from local subsystems. In a distributed system the retrieval process follows almost in the same way as in the method of inverted files in conventional systems. It differs only due to use of the additional union operations on selected inverted lists from any local subsystems. The presented retrieval rules may be viewed as the logical approach in implementing a physical distributed information retrieval system.
01 Jan 1994
TL;DR: In this paper, a nonzero-sum average payoff stochastic game with arbitrary state spaces is treated and a natural uniform geometric ergodicity condition is imposed on the transition probabilities of the games.
Abstract: This paper treats of nonzero-sum average payoff stochastic games with arbitrary state spaces. Such models of games very well fit in some studies in economic theory. A natural uniform geometric ergodicity condition, often used in control theory of Markov chains, is imposed on the transition probabilities of the games. A correlation of strategies of the players, involving “public signals”, is allowed in this paper. The main result is an extension of the correlated equilibrium theorem proved recently by the author and Raghavan for dynamic games with discounting to the average payoff stochastic games. Also some special classes of games that possess Nash equilibria without public signals are discussed. This paper also provides a brief overview of the theory of nonzero-sum stochastic games which is very far from being complete.