Showing papers in "Advances in Structural Engineering in 2018"
TL;DR: In cold-formed steel structures, such as trusses, wall frames, and portal frames, the use of back-to-back built-up coldformed steel channel sections for the column members is becoming increasingly common.
Abstract: In cold-formed steel structures, such as trusses, wall frames, and portal frames, the use of back-to-back built-up cold-formed steel channel sections for the column members is becoming increasingly...
88 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a precast segmental column has attracted a lot of interests over the past decade and it has become more and more popular in construction industry to achieve fast construction, improve construction quali...
Abstract: Precast segmental column has attracted a lot of interests over the past decade. It has become more and more popular in construction industry to achieve fast construction, improve construction quali...
45 citations
TL;DR: The fixed bearings of high-speed railway continuous bridges were vulnerable during earthquakes, since they transferred most of the seismic force between the superstructure and the piers as mentioned in this paper, and a type of...
Abstract: The fixed bearings of high-speed railway continuous bridges were vulnerable during earthquakes, since they transferred most of the seismic force between the superstructure and the piers. A type of ...
45 citations
TL;DR: Pultruded carbon fiber reinforced polymer plates have been widely used for structural rehabilitation due to their excellent mechanical properties as discussed by the authors. Even though, the long-term durability performance of these materials is poor.
Abstract: Pultruded carbon fiber reinforced polymer plates have been widely used for structural rehabilitation due to their excellent mechanical properties. Even though, the long-term durability performance ...
37 citations
TL;DR: The milestone developments of time–frequency analysis in the past few decades are reviewed and the fundamental principles and structural engineering applications of wavelet analysis and Hilbert transform analysis in system identification, damage detection, and nonlinear modeling are summarized.
Abstract: Nonlinear dynamic behaviors of civil engineering structures have been observed not only under extreme loads but also during normal operations. Characterization of the time-varying property or nonlinearity of the structures must account for temporal evolution of the frequency and amplitude contents of nonstationary vibration responses. Neither time analysis nor frequency analysis method alone can fully describe the nonstationary characteristics. In this article, an attempt is made to review the milestone developments of time–frequency analysis in the past few decades and summarize the fundamental principles and structural engineering applications of wavelet analysis and Hilbert transform analysis in system identification, damage detection, and nonlinear modeling. This article is concluded with a brief discussion on challenges and future research directions with the application of time–frequency analysis in structural engineering.
32 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a new test setup using radiant panels is proposed to ensure reliable thermal/mechanical loadings and deformation capturing of concrete surface at elevated temperatures using digital image correlation.
Abstract: To assure adequate fire performance of concrete structures, appropriate knowledge of and models for performance of concrete at elevated temperatures are crucial yet currently lacking, prompting further research. This article first highlights the limitations of inconsistent thermal boundary conditions in conventional fire testing and of using constitutive models developed based on empirical data obtained through testing concrete under minimised temperature gradients in modelling of concrete structures with significant temperature gradients. On that basis, this article outlines key features of a new test setup using radiant panels to ensure well-defined and reproducible thermal and mechanical loadings on concrete specimens. The good repeatability, consistency and uniformity of the thermal boundary conditions are demonstrated using measurements of heat flux and in-depth temperature of test specimens. The initial collected data appear to indicate that the compressive strength and failure mode of test specimens are influenced by both temperature and temperature gradient. More research is thus required to further quantify such effect and also to effectively account for it in rational performance-based fire design and analysis of concrete structures. The new test setup reported in this article, which enables reliable thermal/mechanical loadings and deformation capturing of concrete surface at elevated temperatures using digital image correlation, would be highly beneficial for such further research.
31 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the performance of grouted reinforcement sleeve splices was evaluated according to several indexes of quantification, including tensile strength, failure mode, bearing capacity, damage distribution, and hoop confining mechanism through uniaxial tensile test.
Abstract: Grouted reinforcement sleeve connection is one of the main methods to connect steels. In this article, to investigate the mechanical mechanism and behavior of grouted sleeve splices, six large-diameter grouted sleeve splices were manufactured. The connection property, failure mode, bearing capacity, damage distribution, and hoop confining mechanism were investigated through uniaxial tensile test. The performance of grouted sleeve splices was evaluated according to several indexes of quantification. It was shown that the tensile strength of the sleeve splice is equal to the tensile strength of the steel bar with an embedded length of eight times the bar diameter. Severe damage occurred at the end of the cementitious grout, with the damage depth about 8% of the total sleeve length. Based on the test results, an empirical expression of hoop confining strain along the axis direction of sleeve was proposed. The yield ratio and strength ratio of sleeve splices meet the standard requirements, and the sleeve capa...
31 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a new form of fibre-reinforced polymer-concrete-steel hybrid columns is presented, which demonstrates some of its expected advantages using results from an experimental study.
Abstract: This article presents a new form of fibre-reinforced polymer-concrete-steel hybrid columns and demonstrates some of its expected advantages using results from an experimental study. These columns c...
31 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a simplified theoretical model is developed in order to predict the general behavior and resistance of reinforced concrete frames under column removal scenarios, and the proposed model is applied to the case of column removal.
Abstract: A simplified theoretical model is developed in the present study in order to predict the general behavior and resistance of reinforced concrete frames under column removal scenarios. The proposed m...
30 citations
TL;DR: A new damage index and the corresponding assessment criterion were defined to assess damage of the impacted pier and a vehicle impact force equation and a half-sine impact impulse were developed for damage index.
Abstract: In this article, a method was proposed to assess damage of the bridge piers subjected to vehicle collision with the help of the detailed numerical model. Nonlinear material constitutive laws consid...
30 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the behavioral characteristics of steel-concrete composite beams have been investigated for building and bridge construction, and they have been extensively used in buildings and bridges in recent years.
Abstract: Steel-concrete composite beams have been extensively used in buildings and bridges in recent years to combine these two construction materials. The behavioral characteristics of steel-concrete comp...
TL;DR: In this paper, the rotational inertia damper has been employed in an outrigger system for seismic mitigation, and the results show that the optimal damping ratio can be acquired for one mode, but it may be worse for the other mode in the same position equipping rotational momentum damper.
Abstract: Rotational inertia damper, a novel damper, possessing the advantage of displacement amplification, has been employed in outrigger system for seismic mitigation. The equivalent analysis model composed by a uniform cantilever beam and an equivalent spring was proposed to simulate the rotational inertia damper outrigger system, by which the corresponding dynamic characteristic equation was derived based on numerical assembly technique. To gain the response of the damped system, finite element method and state space method have been utilized. Finally, the results show that the pseudo-undamped natural frequency ratios and system modal damping ratios are significantly influenced by stiffness parameter of the exterior column, while the mass parameter of the rotational inertia damper has little effect on them. The optimal damping ratio can be acquired for one mode, but it may be worse for the other mode in the same position equipping rotational inertia damper. Furthermore, numerical simulation results for the typ...
TL;DR: In this paper, a combined experimental and numerical study was conducted to investigate the dynamic response of precast concrete beams under impact load, and the results revealed that the further the assembling location is away from the impact location, the closer the mechanical performance of the Precast concrete beam is to that of the reinforced concrete beam.
Abstract: With incorporation of assembling joints, precast concrete beams could behave very differently in resisting both static and dynamic loads in comparison to conventional reinforced concrete beams. With no research available on the dynamic behavior of precast concrete beams under impact load, a combined experimental and numerical study is conducted to investigate the dynamic response of precast concrete beams under impact load. The results were also compared with reinforced concrete beams. Four groups of concrete beams were tested with all beams designed with the same reinforcement, but different assembling locations were considered for precast concrete beams. The effects of the assembling location in resisting drop weight impact of precast concrete beams were analyzed. The influence of impact mass and impact velocity on the impact resistance of precast concrete beams were also investigated. The results revealed that the further the assembling location is away from the impact location, the closer the mechanical performance of the precast concrete beam is to that of the reinforced concrete beam. When the assembling location and the impact location coincided, the assembling region suffered from severe local damages. With increased impact velocity and impact energy, the damage mode of the precast concrete beams may change gradually from bending failure to bending–shear failure and eventually to local failure. In addition, the bonding around the assembling interface was found to be effective to resist drop weight impact load regardless of the magnitude of the impact velocity and energy.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used repetitive patterns that can be used in the process of structural analysis in order to decrease the required computational time, which is especially helpful when analyzing complex structures.
Abstract: Special kinds of structures exhibit repetitive patterns that can be used in the process of structural analysis in order to decrease the required computational time. This is especially helpful when ...
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors developed computational models to study the buckling and post-buckling response of a shell buckling response in the context of European rules for shellbuckling.
Abstract: Computational models, which follow numerical assessment strategies codified by current European rules for shell buckling, were developed so as to study the buckling and post-buckling response of a ...
TL;DR: This study presents a methodology to evaluate the optimal parameters of fluid viscous damper for cable-stayed bridges using the system-level fragility assessment approach and indicates that a given parameter may have a negative impact on some components yet lead to a better performance of the bridge as a system.
Abstract: This study presents a methodology to evaluate the optimal parameters of fluid viscous damper for cable-stayed bridges using the system-level fragility assessment approach. Instead of investigating ...
TL;DR: In this article, a deterministic nonlinear analytical approach was first modified to consider the parameter uncertainties in materials, dimensions, and bearded loads, and then Monte Carlo simulation was applied to generate the corresponding fragility curves on the basis of the proposed approach.
Abstract: Fragility curve is an efficient tool that is usually used to predict the failure probability of engineering structures in the damage assessment. To generate fragility curves for reinforced concrete columns under blast loads, a deterministic nonlinear analytical approach was first modified to consider the parameter uncertainties in materials, dimensions, and bearded loads. Monte Carlo simulation was applied to generate the corresponding fragility curves on the basis of the proposed approach. Damage of a typical reinforced concrete column under blast loads was assessed with the generated fragility curves. It was concluded that besides the standoff distance and equivalent trinitrotoluene charge, the axial force also significantly affected the damage of reinforced concrete columns under blast loads, especially in the moderate and large scaled distance.
TL;DR: The worldwide application of streamlined flat steel box girder on long-span bridges calls for more knowledge of its temperature distribution as discussed by the authors, and the rapid development of structural health monitoring t...
Abstract: The worldwide application of streamlined flat steel box girder on long-span bridges calls for more knowledge of its temperature distribution. The rapid development of structural health monitoring t...
TL;DR: The moving element method is extended to establish the coupling formulations of the mass, damping, and stiffness matrices in vertical and lateral directions, where the element matrices are formulated based on a convected coordinate system attached to the moving vehicle.
Abstract: In this article, the dynamic analysis of three-dimensional high-speed train-track model is carried out using moving element method. The train comprises a car-body supported by a secondary suspensio...
TL;DR: In this paper, steel reinforced concrete beams made with fibre-reinforced concrete have shown many benefits over reinforced concrete beam made with conventional concrete, such as increased strength and robustness.
Abstract: Tests on steel reinforced concrete beams made with fibre-reinforced concrete have shown many benefits over reinforced concrete beams made with conventional concrete, such as increased strengths and...
TL;DR: Fibre-reinforced polymer-concrete-steel hybrid multi-tube concrete columns are a new form of columns recently proposed at the University of Wollongong as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Fibre-reinforced polymer–concrete–steel hybrid multi-tube concrete columns are a new form of columns recently proposed at the University of Wollongong. An multi-tube concrete column consists of an ...
TL;DR: This research focuses on a type of buckling-restrained brace called reduced yielding segment buckling restrained brace or in short, ‘reduced length bucking restrained brace’, which shows better seismic performances compared to those braced with conventional buckling -restrained braces.
Abstract: Buckling-restrained braces have adequate seismic performance characteristics such as high energy absorption due to their symmetric behaviour in compression and tension. However, low post-yield stif...
TL;DR: In this paper, a detailed computational investigation into the imperfection sensitivity of thin elastic cylindrical shells across the most important length domains is presented, using automation to carr....
Abstract: Efforts are ongoing to characterise a comprehensive resistance function for cylindrical shells under uniform bending, a ubiquitous structural system that finds application in load-bearing circular hollow sections, tubes, piles, pipelines, wind turbine support towers, chimneys and silos. A recent computational study by Rotter et al. demonstrated that nonlinear buckling of perfect elastic cylinders under bending is governed by four length-dependent domains –‘short’, ‘medium’, ‘transitional’ and ‘long’– depending on the relative influence of end boundary conditions and cross-sectional ovalisation. The study additionally transformed its resistance predictions into compact algebraic relationships for use as design equations within the recently developed framework of reference resistance design. This article extends on the above to present a detailed computational investigation into the imperfection sensitivity of thin elastic cylindrical shells across the most important length domains, using automation to carr...
TL;DR: In this article, some experimental efforts were conducted in order to evaluate the in-plane cyclic behaviour of infilled reinforced concrete frames considering and not opening, and some experiments were conducted to evaluate their cyclic behavior considering only reinforced concrete.
Abstract: During the last years, some experimental efforts were conducted in order to evaluate the in-plane cyclic behaviour of infilled reinforced concrete frames considering and not openings. From the expe...
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a more accurate and robust approach of seismic reliability analysis of bridge structures during and succeeding an earthquake event, which is of significant importance for bridge construction.
Abstract: Seismic reliability analysis of bridge structures during and succeeding an earthquake event is of significant importance. The more accurate and robust approach of seismic reliability analysis is ba...
TL;DR: An extensive overview of state of the art in design and testing of design for deconstruction concrete connections for concrete elements by reviewing and discussing the results can be found in this article, where the authors present an extensive overview.
Abstract: This article presents an extensive overview of state of the art in design and testing of design for deconstruction concrete connections for concrete elements by reviewing and discussing the results...
TL;DR: In this paper, high-strength concrete is being increasingly used in a number of building applications, where structural fire safety is one of the primary design considerations, and many research studies clearly indic...
Abstract: High-strength concrete is being increasingly used in a number of building applications, where structural fire safety is one of the primary design considerations. Many research studies clearly indic...
TL;DR: In this paper, a simplified analysis model of cable for submerged floating tunnel subjected to simultaneous hydrodynamic force and earthquake-excited vibrations in an ocean environment is proposed, and the model is applied to underwater tunnel construction.
Abstract: A simplified analysis model of cable for submerged floating tunnel subjected to simultaneous hydrodynamic force and earthquake-excited vibrations in an ocean environment is proposed in this study. ...
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a numerical simulation and a field measuremen to assess wave conditions for the design, construction, and structural analysis of a sea-crossing bridge.
Abstract: The assessment of wave conditions is a primary task for the design, construction, and structural analysis of sea-crossing bridge. This article presents a numerical simulation and a field measuremen...
Abstract: Offshore wind turbine structures are prone to deterioration and damage during their service life in harsh marine environment. To explore highly efficient and robust damage detection methods for off...