Showing papers in "Advances in Water Resources in 2013"

TL;DR: Pore-scale imaging and modelling is becoming a routine service in the oil and gas industry as discussed by the authors, and has potential applications in contaminant transport and carbon dioxide storage, which has been shown to transform our understanding of multiphase flow processes.

TL;DR: A review of the state of the art in sea intrusion research can be found in this article, where the authors subdivide SI research into three categories: process, mea- surement, prediction and management.

TL;DR: X-ray microtomographic imaging is a non-destructive technique for quantifying these processes in three dimensions within individual pores, and as reported here, with rapidly increasing spatial and temporal resolution.

TL;DR: The use of nano zero valent iron (nZVI) for groundwater remediation has been investigated for its potential to reduce subsurface contaminants such as PCBs, chlorinated solvents, and heavy metals.

TL;DR: The ability to predict urban hydrology has also evolved, to deliver models suited to the small temporal and spatial scales typical of urban and peri-urban applications as discussed by the authors. But despite the advances, many important challenges remain.

TL;DR: In this article, a review of recent research on the drivers, feedbacks, and impacts of global desertification is presented, motivated by the increasing need to improve global food production and to sustainably manage ecosystems in the context of climate change.

TL;DR: In this article, a multivariate, multi-index drought-modeling approach is proposed using the concept of copulas, which probabilistically combines the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and the standardized Soil Moisture Index (SSI) for drought characterization.

TL;DR: This study provides the most comprehensive diagnostic assessment of MOEAs for water resources to date, exploiting more than 100,000 MOEA runs and trillions of design evaluations.

TL;DR: This paper provides a review of the various metrics that were proposed so far, and they are classified in four main groups which depend only on the connectivity structure of the parameter fields (hydraulic conductivity or geological facies).

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compare three widely used MODIS snow products: the "binary" (i.e., snow yes/no) global snow maps that were among the initial MODIS standard products; a more recent standard MODIS fractional snow product, MODSCAG, based on spectral mixture analysis.

TL;DR: In this paper, four snow models were compared with observations made during two contrasting winters at a site in the French Alps, and the results from the models are compared with measurements of snowdepth, snow water equivalent, surface temperature, runoff and albedo.

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of hysteresis on capillary trapping and relative permeability of CO2/brine systems at reservoir conditions were investigated in three sandstone rock samples, low and high permeability Berea and Nugget sandstones.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined various forms of the Clapeyron equation, the relationship between the soil moisture curve and soil freezing curve, and processes for developing soil freezing curves and hydraulic conductivity models for partially frozen soils.

TL;DR: In this article, a review of the use of weather radars in hydrology is presented, focusing on the opportunities and challenges of using weather radar in hydrological applications, such as flash floods, urban hydrology, rainfall spatial extremes.

TL;DR: Cases where the analytical Jacobian is used for the Newton iteration and as a non-symmetric preconditioner for the linear system are shown to have faster computation times and better scaling, demonstrating the importance of solver efficiency in parallel scaling through the use of an appropriate preconditionser.

TL;DR: Particle-DREAM as discussed by the authors combines the strengths of sequential Monte Carlo sampling and Markov chain Monte Carlo simulation and is especially designed for treatment of forcing, parameter, model structural and calibration data error.

TL;DR: In this paper, a two-layer model is proposed to predict vegetation velocities for fully developed flows through submerged patches of vegetation, where the velocity of the flow is predicted using a constant friction factor.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the U.S. Department of Energy through the LANL/LDRD Program (#20100025DR) for this work; as well as the Department's Basic Energy Sciences, Geosciences Program via Grant number DE-FG02-11ER16277.

TL;DR: The Eulerian and Lagrangian numerical solutions to fractional partial differential equations, and Eulerians methods for stochastic integrals are discussed, which illuminate the essential nature of the fractional calculus.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors perform direct numerical simulations of drainage by solving Navier-Stokes equations in the pore space and employing the Volume Of Fluid (VOF) method to track the evolution of the fluid-fluid interface.

TL;DR: Using GCAM, an integrated assessment model of energy, agriculture, and climate change, Wang et al. as mentioned in this paper established lower-, median-, and upper bound estimates for current electric-sector water withdrawals and consumption in 14 geopolitical regions, and compared them with available estimates.

TL;DR: In this article, a review of recent advances in uncertainty quantification, probabilistic risk assessment (PRA), and decision-making under uncertainty is presented, with a brief discussion of ways to communicate results of uncertainty quantifications and risk assessment.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors review urban groundwater studies in the context of urban water management, discuss advances in hydrogeological investigation, monitoring and modelling techniques for urban areas and highlight the challenges.

TL;DR: The effect of elevated dissolved CO2 concentrations on compositionally and structurally distinct carbonate sample cores from the Weyburn-Midale CO2enhanced oil recovery and storage site (Canada) was measured from analysis of 3-D sample characterization and fluid chemistry data from core-flood experiments as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this article, a comparison of several methods for determining precipitation phase using 12 years of hourly precipitation, weather and snow data from a long-term measurement site at Reynolds Mountain East (RME), a headwater catchment within the Reynolds Creek Experimental Watershed (RCEW), in the Owyhee Mountains of Idaho, USA.

TL;DR: In this paper, spatial variability of snow depth and density from measurements made in February and April of 2010 and 2011 in three 1-2 km2 areas within a valley of the central Spanish Pyrenees was analyzed.

TL;DR: In this paper, a model study on the impact of climate change on snow cover and runoff has been conducted for the Swiss Canton of Graubunden and the model Alpine3D has been forced with the data from 35 Automatic Weather Stations in order to investigate snow and runoff dynamics for the current climate.

TL;DR: The goal is to bridge the gap between formal multiscale asymptotics and the volume averaging theory and, in so doing, compare their respective advantages/disadvantages from a practical point of view.

TL;DR: In this article, the theory of water movement within the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum (SPAC) is reviewed with emphasis on the eco-physiological and evolutionary constraints to water transport.

TL;DR: In this paper, a review of analytical, semi-analytical, numerical and approximate methods in solving the well-hydraulic problems is presented, including the incorporation of effects of finite well radius, wellbore storage, well partial penetration, and the presence of skin into various practical problems of groundwater flow.