Showing papers in "Annals of Epidemiology in 2014"

TL;DR: Designing Clinical Research has been extensively revised and continues to set the standard as a practical guide for doctors, nurses, pharmacists, and other health professionals involved in all forms of clinical, translational, and public health research.

TL;DR: Estimating the global lifetime prevalence rate of anabolic-androgenic steroid (AAS) use and investigating moderators of the prevalence rate found sample type (athletes), assessment method, sampling method, and male sample percentage were significant predictors of AAS use prevalence.

TL;DR: Among US Hispanics/Latinos, high depression and anxiety symptoms varied nearly twofold by Hispanic background and sex, history of CVD, and increasing number of CVC risk factors, suggesting under treatment especially among those who had no health insurance.

TL;DR: The findings highlight the need for a multidimensional approach in developing interventions aimed at reducing frailty, especially in lower educated groups.

TL;DR: Rural women were more likely than urban women to be diagnosed at a later stage of breast cancer, and preventive measures may need to target the rural population.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors estimate considerable undercounting of nonfatal injuries and illnesses in agriculture and believe the undercount is larger than any other industry in the United States.

TL;DR: Children born to heavier mothers have more overall and central fat and greater cardiometabolic risk and offspring of women with higher GWG had greater adiposity and higher leptin.

TL;DR: Racial differences in menarche may in large part be due to SES differences, and future experimental or quasiexperimental studies should examine whether intervening on SES factors could have benefits for delayingMenarche among blacks and Hispanics.

TL;DR: The findings underscore the crucial need to include among the essential components of suicide prevention policies programs that minimize the use of alcohol, particularly drinking to intoxication.

TL;DR: This study suggests significant associations of high AL withSleep apnea, sleep apnea symptoms, insomnia component, short sleep duration, and diagnosed sleep disorder among US adults.

TL;DR: Associations between traffic-related air pollution and prematurity are confirmed, particularly among very early preterm births and low SES neighborhoods.

TL;DR: Cold temperatures during pregnancy in historical Sweden increased stillbirth and preterm risk and reduced birth length among live births, and there was no relation between cold and birth weight for gestational age.

TL;DR: In this population of low-income families in Porto Alegre, Brazil, breastfeeding 24 months or beyond, particularly if frequent, was associated with S-ECC, and dental health should be one consideration, among many, in evaluating health outcomes associated with breastfeeding 24- Months or beyond.

TL;DR: A convenience sample of normal controls is likely to be younger and better functioning and that of an MCI group likely to perform worse than a purportedly random sample, and Sampling bias should be considered when interpreting findings.

TL;DR: D diagnosis codes in Medicare claims have limited validity for inferring cancer stage and metastatic disease, and patients who were older, black, or living in low-income areas were more likely to have their stage misclassified in claims.

TL;DR: Data do not support the hypothesis that higher 25(OH)D levels lower the overall risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, and randomized trials of vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy should monitor for gestational hypertension.

TL;DR: Maternal lead exposure, even at very low levels, may adversely affect some childbirth outcomes, particularly preterm birth among males.

TL;DR: Those concepts and definitions used to represent almost any of the conceptual components associated along the ability continuum that impacts the person, but it also includes the environmental effects that create a limiting impact from the context outside the person are examined.

TL;DR: A complex association may exist between BPA and hyperinsulinemia among adult U.S. men and prospective cohort studies are needed to further elucidate endocrine disruptors as determinants of adiposity-related disturbances.

TL;DR: Circulating level of GGT contributes to an increased risk of T2DM in the general population in a nonlinear dose-response pattern.

TL;DR: Various combinations of risk factors appear to interact to affect risk of each cancer subtype, with smoking was the most important risk stratification factor for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and income, race, noncitrus fruit, and energy intakes further modifying risk.

TL;DR: Programs are needed to curb excessive GWG in all racial groups and to help some sub-groups ensure adequate GWG, which should be used in combination to reduce racial differences in pregnancy-related hypertension.

TL;DR: The design and methodology of the Study of Latino Youth (SOL Youth) study is described and the advantages and limitations of embedding a cohort of children within a well-characterized cohort of adults are considered.

TL;DR: More than a million Saudis have hypercholesterolemia, and 700,000 of them are unaware of their condition which can be controlled through early detection campaigns and lifestyle change and medication.

TL;DR: This study re-emphasizes the link between fluoroquinolones and PN and shows the potential association with more severe forms of nerve damage, for example, GBS.

TL;DR: PAF estimates are best interpreted as the proportion of ASD attributable to having a suboptimal perinatal environment resulting in PTB, SGA, and/or CD resulting in autism spectrum disorder in a U.S. population.

TL;DR: For example, this article found that adults with serious mental illness (SMI) were more likely than adults with any mental illness but not SMI and adults without mental illness to engage in smoking behaviors.

TL;DR: It is suggested that PPI use and hip fractures are associated, with risk increasing with longer duration and more recent use, as well as the highest tertile of duration and most recent use.

TL;DR: These dietary indices based on 3-day diet records are strongly associated cross-sectionally to CVD risk profile of middle-aged men and women, but they do not add to ability to predict long-term mortality in follow-up.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated how Arriaga's decomposition method can be used to assess inequality in mortality between populations with near equal life expectancy to demonstrate how lung cancer at early ages lowered life expectancy in Quebec, whereas cardiovascular causes at older ages loweredlife expectancy in Canada.