Showing papers in "Cellular Immunology in 2014"

TL;DR: The relevance of the soluble forms and the latest researches on the role of PD-1/PD-Ls pathway in autoimmune diseases are summarized.

TL;DR: Collectively, pancreatic cancer derived exosomes downregulate TLR4 and downstream cytokines in DCs via miR-203, which in turn influences the activity of other miRNAs in Dendritic cells.

TL;DR: Comparing data on human monocytes with the respective cells in the mouse, the rat, the pig, the cow and the horse shows that the subsets are homologous between the species but there are important differences in subset-specific gene expression such that findings in a given species cannot be directly translated to man.

TL;DR: The results suggested that the expression intensity of IDO modulates macrophage differentiation, which support the counter-regulatory role for IDO with regarding to the polarization of macrophages to restrain excessive or inappropriate immune activation in inflammatory or tumor microenvironment.

TL;DR: Residents and proinflammatory intestinal Mϕ both derive from Ly6Chi blood monocytes, and monocyte differentiation is disrupted by inflammation resulting in the accumulation of proinflammatory cells.

TL;DR: A significant role of ANRIL is suggested in the occurrence and development of ESCC through TGFβ1 signaling pathways and depletion ofANRIL in ESCC cell lines may inhibit cellular proliferation.

TL;DR: The plastic nature of monocytes is highlighted, which is capable of a remarkable range of phenotypic and functional changes that depend on signals from local microenvironments.

TL;DR: The aim of this review is to summarise the impact of ageing on the intestinal immune system, including the gut epithelium and other components of the intestinal barrier that maintain intestinal immune homeostasis and shape antigen-specific immune responses.

TL;DR: It is shown that Gp1a, a highly selective CB2 agonist, with a four log higher affinity for CB2 than CB1, reduced clinical scores and facilitated recovery in EAE in conjunction with long term reduction in demyelination and axonal loss.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that DCex could bind bacterial Toll-like-receptor ligands, and acquire their ability to strongly activate bystander DCs, and suggest a potential novel strategy to generate effective vaccines by binding TLR-L-immune adjuvants to DCex.

TL;DR: These immunologic effects were evident at the level of the individual cell and demonstrate glucocorticoids to epigenetically reduce NK cell cytolytic activity while at the same time to prime NK cells for proinflammatory cytokine production.

TL;DR: In this paper, the levels of miR-27a, miR153 and miR143 are up regulated, while let-7a, let-218 and miRNA-129-5p are down regulated in lungs of septic mice.

TL;DR: It is found that anti-OX40-PLGA-NP induced CTL proliferation and tumor antigen-specific cytotoxicity as well as cytokine production more strongly than free anti-Ox40 mAb, suggesting that PLGA-based nanoparticle formulation may provide efficient delivery system for cancer immunotherapy.

TL;DR: The understanding of functional similarities and differences of specific DC subsets in different animals not only brings light in the field of DC biology, but also paves the way for the design of future effective therapeutic strategies targeting these cells.

TL;DR: A bioactive lipid derivative, lysophosphatidylcholine (lysoPC), generated from hydrolysis of the PC moiety of oxidized LDL, promoted and stabilized a strong M1 phenotype in macrophage polarization, and provides insights into the new mechanism on how oxidization LDL participates in tissue inflammation in atherosclerosis.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined distinct γδ T cell subsets during EAE and indicated they mediate differential functions in CNS inflammation and demyelination resulting in pathogenesis or protection.

TL;DR: The most abundant subset in mice is represented by inflammatory Ly6C(+) CCR2(+) monocytes and is the functional equivalent of the CD14+ monocyte in humans.

TL;DR: This review will provide a summary of the transcriptional regulation of monocyte development and examine recent breakthroughs in defining mechanisms that promote differentiation of specific monocyte subpopulations.

TL;DR: Levels of cfDNA assessed in serial samples correlated significantly with the medical evaluation of disease activity in SLE patients, which could implicate cfDNA as a global marker for disease activity.

TL;DR: The data suggest that naringin diminished the AIA in mice and it could be a potential alternative/adjunct treatment for RA.

TL;DR: Curdlan enhanced migration, proliferation and wound closure of human KCs in a dectin-1 dependent manner, both in vitro and ex vivo, and could therefore be used in creams to enhance wound healing.

TL;DR: Comparing data on human monocytes with the respective cells in the mouse, the rat, the pig, the cow and the horse shows that the subsets are homologous between the species but there are important differences in subset-specific gene expression such that findings in a given species cannot be directly translated to man.

TL;DR: The data indicate that α-viniferin suppresses the expression of pro inflammatory genes iNOS and COX-2 in the early stage of inflammation by inhibiting the Akt/PI3K-dependent NF-κB activation and inhibits the production of proinflammatory mediators NO and PGE2 inThe late stage by stimulating Nrf2-mediated HO-1 signaling pathway in LPS-stimulated BV2 microglial cells.

TL;DR: Nano-MG acts as an immunostimulant in tumor bearing mice to combat cancer at conspicuously lower dose, probably due to its longer circulation time in blood.

TL;DR: Results indicate that LAIR-1 may exert different functions on T cells and monocytes/macrophages and suggest that it may be a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.

TL;DR: An in vitro model of antigen presentation showed that ligands for TLR-9, 7, 4 and 1/2 increased the ability of APCs to present antigen-85B of BCG to CD4 T cells, which correlated with an increase in MHC-II expression.

TL;DR: The proportions of circulating Th22 and Tc22 cells, expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor, and IL-22 levels in the psoriasis patients were significantly higher than those in the control subjects (p<0.05).

TL;DR: In the present study in vitro, rTsP53 showed anti-inflammatory function by inducing peritoneal macrophages to M2 with expressing M2 molecules of mannose receptor (MR), a novel mammalian lectin (Ym1), arginase-1 (Arg1), and interleukin (IL)-10, and results imply that r TsP53 has potential as prospective immuno-therapeutics for inflammatory disorders.

TL;DR: It is found that blockade of Notch signaling with a γ-secretase inhibitor increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) in primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) under both normaxic and ischemia/reperfusion conditions.

TL;DR: TaqI and ApaI polymorphisms might be modestly implicated in BD pathogenesis and could be considered as potential biomarkers in BD rather than susceptibility genes, but seemed not to be implicated in RA pathogenesis.