Showing papers in "Chest in 2005"

TL;DR: In this article, a retrospective cohort study based on a large US inpatient database was conducted to characterize the microbiology and outcomes among patients with culture-positive community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), health-careassociated pneumonia (HCAP), hospitalacquired pneumonias (HAP), and ventilator-associated pneumonia(VAP) and showed that non-CAP was associated with more severe disease, higher mortality rate, greater LOS, and increased cost.

TL;DR: There is strong epidemiologic evidence to indicate that reduced FEV1 is a marker for cardiovascular mortality independent of age, gender, and smoking history.

TL;DR: None of the pooled metaanalyses showed a significant difference between devices in any efficacy outcome in any patient group for each of the clinical settings that was investigated.

TL;DR: Practical screening instruments may help increase the recognition of anxiety and depression in medical patients, as suggested by the excellent positive predictive value of the Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders (PRIME-MD) screening questions.

TL;DR: This article is intended to be a comprehensive review of both the adult and pediatric forms of the diseases, and includes sections on the historical aspects of the disorders, and their classification, associated conditions, histopathology, and natural history.

TL;DR: COPD and asthma are conditions associated with many comorbidities, albeit asthma to a lesser extent than COPD, which had not been systematically reviewed before.

TL;DR: There is a strong relationship between serum concentrations of 25-hydroxy vitamin D, FEV1, and FVC and further studies are necessary to determine whether supplementation with vitamin D is of any benefit in patients with respiratory disease.

TL;DR: The finding of a stronger relationship of COPD to CVD outcomes in patients < 65 years of age suggests that CVD risk should be monitored and treated with particular care in younger adults with COPD.

TL;DR: Both methods of talc delivery are similar in efficacy; TTI may be better for patients with either a lung or breast primary; the etiology and incidence of respiratory complications from talc need further exploration.

TL;DR: The presence and the number of comet-tail images provide reliable information on interstitial pulmonary edema, and ultrasonography represent an attractive, easy-to-use, bedside diagnostic tool for assessing cardiac function and pulmonary congestion.

TL;DR: The data support a protective effect of CPAP therapy against death from cardiovascular disease in patients with OSAS.

TL;DR: In COPD, airway and systemic inflammatory markers increase over time; high levels of these markers are associated with a faster decline in lung function, and patients whose IL-6 exceeded the group median had a faster FEV1%Pred decline.

TL;DR: The results demonstrated that the CFQ-teen/adult is a reliable and valid measure of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) for individuals with cystic fibrosis.

TL;DR: While pulmonary hypertension is observed in half of the COPD patients with advanced disease, moderate-to-severe pulmonary hypertension was not a rare event in these patients and could potentially benefit from vasodilators.

TL;DR: CVD is more frequent in COPD patients than in the general population and may represent a burden greater than that of lung disease itself.

TL;DR: In this article, the effect of anticoagulant therapy on the survival of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) was evaluated in five hospitals located in the Miyagi prefecture in Japan, including a university hospital, a Red Cross hospital, two public general hospitals and a municipal hospital.

TL;DR: The histopathologic type of RA-ILD was diverse; in the study population, the UIP pattern seemed to be more prevalent than the NSIP pattern, and no deaths occurred among patients with theNSIP pattern during median follow-up durations of 4.2 years and 3.7 years.

TL;DR: Mortality rates in OSAHS patients who did not receive PAP therapy were higher compared with those treated with PAP and were moderately or highly compliant with therapy, as well as to investigate the prognostic value of several pretreatment variables.

TL;DR: In addition to comorbidities and organ dysfunction, high tidal volumes and positive fluid balance are associated with a worse outcome from ALI/ARDS.

TL;DR: The anatomy of the mediastinum is reviewed as well as the different clinical, radiographic, and prognostic features, and therapeutic options of the most commonly encountered masses.

TL;DR: The results indicate that sepsis syndrome remains the leading cause of death and suggest that future therapies to improve survival be targeted at reducing the complications of septicaemia.

TL;DR: In a nationally representative sample of hospitalizations, any mention of COPD in the discharge diagnosis is associated with higher hospitalization prevalence and in-hospital mortality from other comorbidities.

TL;DR: The survival rate of this cohort of lung cancer patients was slightly improved compared with earlier reports, particularly for patients with low-stage NSCLC.

TL;DR: In this paper, a conference on the epidemiology, care, and overall management of patients requiring prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV) was held, where the goal was to not only review existing practices but also develop recommendations on a variety of assessment, management and reimbursement issues associated with patients requiring PMV.

TL;DR: The severity of OSA is independently associated with oxidative stress, and among various sleep-disordered breathing parameters, ODI is most closely related to oxidative stress.

TL;DR: Maternal and grandmaternal smoking during pregnancy may increase the risk of childhood asthma.

TL;DR: Tiotropium in combination with PR improved endurance of a constant work rate treadmill task and produced clinically meaningful improvements in dyspnea and health status compared to PR alone.

TL;DR: The cumulative evidence supporting the superior care associated with implementing a pharmacist-managed anticoagulation monitoring service was sufficient to recommend widespread implementation.

TL;DR: TPC placement is an effective method of palliation for MPE that allows outpatient management and low complication rates and should be considered as a first-line treatment option in the management of patients with MPE.