Showing papers in "Earth and Planetary Science Letters in 2005"

TL;DR: Asimow et al. as mentioned in this paper derived an estimate for the chemical composition of the depleted MORB mantle (DMM), the source reservoir to mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORBs), which represents at least 30% the mass of the whole silicate Earth.

TL;DR: In this article, an algorithm for the construction of phase diagram sections is formulated that is well suited for geodynamic problems in which it is necessary to assess the influence of phase transitions on rock properties or the evolution and migration of fluids.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a continuous record of the Asian monsoon over the last 16 ka from δ18O measurements of stalagmite calcite, which is combined with a chronology from 45 precise 230Th dates.

TL;DR: In this article, Zhang et al. used zircon U-Pb SHRIMP (5 samples), laser ablation (LA) ICP-MS (22 samples), and TIMS (5 sample) dating to establish that the Early Cretaceous was a significant period of igneous activity in the Liaodong Peninsula, with a duration of about 10 Ma.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a compilation of chemical and physical erosion rates in small catchments and show that silicate weathering rates are not governed by any single parameter but require consideration in multiple dimensions.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors re-examine the thermal models of both oceans and shields and show that radiogenic heating is not as concentrated at shallow depths as was previously believed, and take account of both these effects and the temperature dependence of the thermal conductivity increases the Moho temperatures.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used in-situ produced cosmogenic nuclides (e.g. 10Be, 26Al), mostly in quartz from alluvial sediment.

TL;DR: Reactive transport modeling is an essential tool for the analysis of coupled physical, chemical, and biological processes in Earth systems, and has additional potential to better integrate the results from focused fundamental research on Earth materials.

TL;DR: The Subduction Transform Edge Propagator (STEP) as mentioned in this paper is a relatively common feature in plate tectonics and is referred to as a subduction-transform edge propagator.

TL;DR: Impure reworked evaporitic sandstones, preserved on Meridiani Planum, Mars, are mixtures of roughly equal amounts of altered siliciclastic debris, of basaltic provenance (40−±10% by mass), and chemical constituents, dominated by evaporitic minerals (jarosite, Mg, Ca-sulfates, chlorides, Fe-, Na-solves), hematite and possibly secondary silica (60−± 10%).

TL;DR: The Burns formation as mentioned in this paper is a set of genetically related strata defined here informally as the Burns formation, which can be subdivided into lower, middle, and upper units which, respectively, represent eolian dune and interdune facies associations.

TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that Indian UHP rocks of the Tso Morari Complex reached UHP depths at 53.3F0.7 Ma and reached the Asian trench no later than 57F1 Ma, providing a metamorphic age for comparison with previous paleomagnetic and stratigraphic estimates.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors highlight a mid-Mesozoic revolution in the nature and location of carbonate deposition in the marine environment, driven by the ecological success of calcareous plankton.

TL;DR: Tan et al. as discussed by the authors fit the experimental shear modulus and attenuation data to a common model that provides an internally consistent description of the observed variations with frequency, temperature and grain size.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of temperature, pressure and metal composition on the metal-silicate partitioning of V, Ni, Co, Mn and Si in the deep magma ocean model of core formation were investigated.

TL;DR: The authors reviewed forecasts of the future of El Nino and the Southern Oscillation (ENSO), a coupled instability of the ocean-atmosphere system in the tropical Pacific with global impacts.

TL;DR: In this article, outcrops created by the impact craters Endurance, Fram and Eagle reveal the broad lateral continuity of chemical sediments at the Meridiani Planum exploration site on Mars.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors document and quantify significant neodymium exchange at ocean boundaries, in areas covering a large spectra of hydrographical, biological and geochemical characteristics: Eastern Indian Ocean, Western Equatorial Pacific, Western Tropical Pacific and Northwestern Atlantic.

TL;DR: In this paper, a submillennial-scale paleoceanographic record from the Pliocene North Atlantic suggests a far more precise timing and forcing for the initiation of northern hemisphere glaciation (NHG), since it was linked to a 2-3 °C surface water warming during warm stages from 2.95 to 2.82 Ma.

TL;DR: The evolution of the Earth’s atmosphere is essentially the story of atmospheric oxygen as discussed by the authors, and it is needed to piece together an understanding of the history of oxygen in the early Earth sciences.

TL;DR: In this paper, a detailed in situ combined study of intragrain U-Pb and Lu-Hf isotopes in zircons from granitic gneiss and eclogite in the Dabie orogen of China was performed.

TL;DR: The timing of events leading to the earliest connection between the Pacific and Atlantic oceans at Drake Passage is controversial but important, because gateway opening probably had a profound effect on global circulation and climate.

TL;DR: The MER rover Opportunity has carried out the first outcrop-scale investigation of ancient sedimentary rocks on Mars, exposing sandstones formed via the erosion and re-deposition of fine grained siliciclastics and evaporites derived from the chemical weathering of olivine basalts by acidic waters as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this article, a systematic study of the last glacial cycle along three transects across the Chinese Loess Plateau shows that sand-sized particle content within loess decreases rapidly from north to south, and that markedly high sand particle contents in loess horizons occur only in the northern part of the Plateau.

TL;DR: In this article, a detailed analysis protocol aimed at correlating spatially related micro-volumes of zircon concordant in U/Pb age with y 18 O and internal zoning was employed.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors report the first geochemical traverse to integrate U-Pb ages and Hf data on single detrital zircons with bulk-rock Sm-Nd-Rb-Sr isotopic measurements across the breadth of the Himalayan orogen, in northwest India.

TL;DR: This article used reflectance spectroscopy to characterize the sediments in a 795-cm long core taken from the southeastern part of the lake and found that redness increases at times of increased precipitation, that is, as monsoon strength increases.

TL;DR: In this paper, two sediment cores recovered in the central part of Daihai Lake in north-central China were analyzed at 2-to 4-cm intervals for grain-size distribution.

TL;DR: In this paper, phase relations, mineral chemistry, and density of a natural mid-oceanic ridge basalt (MORB) composition were investigated up to 134 GPa and 2300 K by a combination of in-situ X-ray diffraction measurements and chemical analyses using transmission electron microscope (TEM).

TL;DR: The storage capacity of the upper mantle is considerably greater than generally appreciated, as recent studies show that H2O uptake in olivine is ∼3 times that originally inferred by Kohlstedt et al. as mentioned in this paper.