Showing papers in "Journal of Experimental Social Psychology in 2002"

TL;DR: This article found that African American college students tend to obtain lower grades than their white counterparts, even when they enter college with equivalent test scores, and that negative stereotypes impugning Black students' intellectual abilities play a role in this underperformance.

TL;DR: This paper examined the prediction of temporal construal level theory that the more distant future events would be construed in higher-level, more abstract, and simple terms, and found that positive and negative experiences in the distant future were more prototypical and more extreme than those in the near future.

TL;DR: The authors found that individual differences in gender identification (i.e., importance placed on gender identity) moderated the effects of gender identity relevance on women's (but not men's) math performance.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors show that when primed self-focus is congruent with the perceptual task at hand, perceptual speed increases (as shown by a significant task by prime interaction effect) and when primed, interdependent self focus improves memory for incidentally encoded contextual information.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of idea sharing on cognitive processes and performance were assessed in an idea exposure paradigm, where participants generated ideas while being exposed to stimulus ideas that were semantically homogeneous or diverse, and were offered in an organized or a random sequence.

TL;DR: This article found that implicit ingroup bias was positively correlated with implicit self-esteem and implicit acceptance of consensual stereotypes concerning academic and extracurricular characteristics was associated with implicit outgroup favoritism.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined how diverse aspects of goal pursuit are influenced by the accessibility of alternative goals, and found that such an accessibility often affects the resources allocated to a focal goal, influencing commitment, progress, and the development of effective means, as well as one's emotional reponses to positive and negative feedback about one's striving efforts.

TL;DR: In this article, three studies demonstrated that subliminally priming a goal-relevant cognition (thirst in Studies 1 and 2; sadness in Study 3) influenced behavior and enhanced the persuasiveness of an ad targeting the goal.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined how playing a violent video game affected levels of aggression displayed in a laboratory and found that playing the violent game would result in more aggression than would playing the nonviolent game.

TL;DR: In this paper, internal non-affective processing cues independently influence two major varieties of creative cognition: insight problem solving and creative generation, and the effects of these internal cues on creative insight and generation were observed.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed that resisting tempting diversions from task completion would better fit a prevention focus than a promotion focus, thus affecting task enjoyment and performance, and found that prevention-focused participants enjoyed the tasks more when they had to resist temptation than when they did not.

TL;DR: For instance, the authors found that performance avoidance goals undermined intrinsic motivation relative to performanceapproach and mastery goals; the latter goals evidenced the same intrinsic motivation, while perceived competence served neither mediating nor moderating roles.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors argue that implicit egotism is best conceptualized as the product of unconscious self-regulation processes rather than a result of mere exposure, and show that people prefer the letters in their own names to letters that are not in their names.

TL;DR: The authors found that when goals were accessible, attention was drawn toward goal-relevant items, even when these items were to be ignored and when responses occurred too fast for conscious control, despite the fact that these goals were not chronically held, but manipulated in the lab.

TL;DR: In this article, an experiment was conducted to examine the impact of identification with the in-group on the categorization of pictures depicting ingroup and out-group faces, and the results showed that high identifiers classified fewer pictures as ingroup members than did low identifiers, whereas high identifiers seemed more concerned with erroneously including an outgroup member in the ingroup, low identifiers seemed concerned with accuracy.

TL;DR: The authors showed that social categorization moderated the spread of social projection in both minimal and value-tagged laboratory groups and regardless of whether individual perceivers judged both groups or only one, and the categorization effect tracked changes in the perceiver's group status so that most perceivers projected only to present but not past in-groups.

TL;DR: This paper applied process dissociation (PD) to investigate the role of conscious goals in controlling automatic influences of stereotypes, and demonstrated that the stereotype bias was invariant across conscious goals to avoid vs. use the influence of race.

TL;DR: This paper identified aversive racists as individuals low in explicit prejudice but high in implicit prejudice toward Asians and found that they responded to a hypocrisy induction procedure with increased feelings of guilt and discomfort, compared to those in a control condition.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined listeners' ability to make accurate inferences about speakers from the non-linguistic content of their speech, and found that estimates made from photos are more accurate than those made from voice.

TL;DR: This article found that participants donate more money to a charity when offered a product in exchange for their donation, even though the product itself held little appeal for them, consistent with the idea that the exchange provided psychological cover for their act of compassion.

TL;DR: The authors found that women who were high in stigma consciousness acted critically toward male participants whom they believed to be sexist and these critical behaviors elicited unfavorable responses from the male participants, responses which then provided fodder for the women's belief that they would not like the men.

TL;DR: This article found that self-construal influences attentiveness to the common ground and differential attention to common ground resulted in differential question order effects, raising important methodological issues for cross-cultural research.

TL;DR: The authors examined the relationship between Blacks' implicit and explicit racial attitudes and the extent to which perceived negativity from out-groups moderates the two attitudes, finding that perceived negativity is related to both implicit and implicit attitudes, but in opposite directions.

TL;DR: This article found that the influence of leaders would be determined by their ability to fulfill both instrumental needs (solve the free-rider problem) and relational needs (contribute to the identity) of group members.

TL;DR: This article examined the combined effects of identification level, social value orientation, and feedback on contributions in a public goods dilemma and found that strong group identity transforms people's motives from the personal to the collective level (the goal transformation hypothesis).

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of interactional (IJ), procedural (PJ), and distributive justice (knowledge of others' outcomes) on evaluations of outcome fairness and customer satisfaction were investigated.

TL;DR: This paper published a post-print of an article published by Elsevier in Journal of Experimental Social Psychology in May 2002, available online: http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jesp.1509.2001.

TL;DR: The authors explored the relations among reactance, regret, and behavioral choice, and found that participants who made choices without explicitly being asked to anticipate possible future regret showed far greater reactance.

TL;DR: This article found that the subjective familiarity of a person's forename may play an important role in triggering categorical thinking, and that category-based knowledge may be more accessible when triggered by familiar than unfamiliar forenames.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined the accuracy of gender stereotypes about attitudes and found that participants consistently underestimated men's support for female-stereotypic positions on issues, and that this error rose from perceptions that men would oppose policies that favored women's interests.