Showing papers in "Journal of Psychiatric Research in 1997"

TL;DR: The results of this investigation emphasize the need to use classifications to determine whether subjects with insomnia complaints suffer from a sleep disorder or whether insomnia constitutes a symptom of some other mental disorder.

TL;DR: Functional abnormalities in frontal, subcortical and limbic structures appear to be part of the pathophysiology of mood disorders, and structural, neurotransmitter and neuropathological correlates are yet to be determined.

TL;DR: Patient-rated visual analog scales are a useful tool in the measurement of mood and, in addition, they have been shown to be both reliable and valid.

TL;DR: Results implicate impulsive personality functioning as a major factor in subjects with moderate/superficial self-mutilative behavior whose trait pathology is similar to personality disordered patients with other modes of self-harming impulsive behavior.

TL;DR: Although CFS patients have similar low activity levels than MS patients, there are also important differences between both groups: in CFS cognitive factors are more prominently involved in producing the lowActivity levels than in MS and in C FS patients activity level is related to fatigue but not in MS.

TL;DR: It is speculated that central mechanisms have been suspected to contribute to the pathogenesis of fibromyalgia for some time and may be operative in IC, which has traditionally been felt to be a bladder disorder.

TL;DR: Descriptive trends were found at the psychopathological and dynamic functional levels, which can be interpreted as evidence of effectiveness of Ginkgo biloba special extract EGb 761 in mild to moderate dementia and of local effects in the central nervous system.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors search for regional cerebral metabolic disturbances in patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) and find relative hypometabolism at the level of premotor and prefrontal cortical areas, anterior part of the cingulate cortex and the thalamic, caudate and lenticular nuclei.

TL;DR: It seems apparent that quality of life, as determined by illness intrusiveness, is compromised in subjects with BD even during periods of euthymia, and specific psychosocial interventions aimed at reducing the impact of BD should be determined.

TL;DR: The increase of circulating IL-6 indicates immune activation presumably related to pathophysiology of the disease.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that these neuroactive steroids can regulate also gene expression via the progesterone receptor after intracellular oxidation and provide a new role for the therapeutic application of these steroids in neurology and psychiatry.

TL;DR: It is found that suicidal depressive patients had significantly higher scores of subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, habitual sleep efficiency and PSQI global scores than nonsuicidal patients.

TL;DR: Investigation of precipitating factors in 134 CFS patients through the use of a questionnaire, interview, clinical examination and serology for infecting agents found CFS is most likely multifactorial in origin.

TL;DR: It is concluded that genetic studies in TS could profit from adhering to a conservative diagnostic approach to both tic disorders and OCD.

TL;DR: A model of schizophrenia presented here, the putative environmental factor may consist of stress and require both pre- and post-natal exposure for a "mis-wiring" of dopaminergic inputs to GABAergic neurons of the cortex to occur.

TL;DR: The NIMH LCM-p provides a useful continuous daily measure of affective illness-related symptom fluctuations that allows for detailed prospective assessment of frequency and pattern of illness, treatment response, and continuity with retrospective life chart assessments.

TL;DR: This review will focus on gender-related differences in non-specific host defense mechanisms with a particular emphasis on monocyte/macrophage function and a primary product of monocytes: interleukin-1 (IL-1).

TL;DR: The levels of spontaneously (unstimulated) produced TNF-alpha by non-adherent lymphocytes and spontaneously produced IL-6 by both adherent monocytes and non- adherence lymphocytes were significantly increased as compared to simultaneously studied matched controls.

TL;DR: There was a significant mean functional improvement at the six month follow-up of 70 adolescents with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome of average duration 18 months and there was also a significant improvement for both groups from the beginning of the trial to the six months post infusion follow- up.

TL;DR: The observations which support the idea that D4 might serve as a target for clozapine have significantly modified and extended the understanding of mechanisms underlying atypical antipsychotic treatment of schizophrenia, as well as the dopamine hypothesis for schizophrenia.

TL;DR: A rationale for the study of neuroendocrine correlates of chronic fatigue syndrome is presented, based in part on the clinical observation that asthenic or fatigue states share many of the somatic symptom characteristics seen in recognized endocrine disorders.

TL;DR: It is suggested that glutamatergic abnormalities in anterior temporal cortex in schizophrenia are the result of the degeneration of fronto-temporal projections.

TL;DR: Results lend further support for the involvement of ERC and hippocampus in schizophrenia, suggesting that neurons that utilize CCK may be particularly important, and an increase in CCK mRNA levels in the PFC of suicides adds to a growing body of evidence implicating this structure in this pathological state.

TL;DR: Survey of households in four rural Michigan communities confirmed a reported cluster of cases resembling chronic fatigue syndrome and studied the epidemiology of fatigue in a rural area, finding symptoms and features of generic forms of fatigue were very similar to those often attributed to CFS.

TL;DR: While both CFS groups showed a significant reduction in information processing ability relative to controls, impairment in memory was more severe in the CFS-sudden group, and the need for subgroup analysis is discussed.

TL;DR: During the anxiogenic scenes children born to patients with panic disorder showed increased behavioral inhibition and higher heart rate, and Autonomic modulation, respiratory rates and cortisol secretion were similar in the two groups.

TL;DR: Pattern of association between eating pathology and personality disorder, especially borderline and narcissism, can be clearly mapped across to personality traits in the currently non-clinical population.

TL;DR: The authors investigated the effect of a single dose of 20 g inositol on an m-CPP challenge in a double-blind placebo-controlled crossover trial in panic-disorder patients, finding no effect on responses, although it had some acute effects during the evening before the challenge.

TL;DR: The findings indicate that the self-administered CIDI-Auto has poor validity measured against clinical diagnosis for hospitalised patients of acute psychiatric services.

TL;DR: Theses data hint at possible increases in NMDA activation in AD but ultimately 123I-MK-801 does not provide a sufficiently accurate measurement to demonstrate this conclusively, and further NMDA ligands are now at a late stage of development and may provide more conclusive answers to the role of glutamate in AD.