Showing papers in "Materials Science and Engineering: C in 2016"

TL;DR: It was found that inclusion of alloying elements such as Al, Mn, Ca, Zn and rare earth elements provides improved corrosion resistance to Mg alloys and surface modification is a promising approach to improve the performance of Mg-based biomaterials for orthopaedic applications.

TL;DR: The results indicate that the pore structure of the P600 implant is a suitable porous structure for orthopedic implants manufactured by SLM.

TL;DR: In this review, the current implications of encapsulation of anticancer agents within polyhydroxyalkanoates, poly-(lactic-co-glycolic acid) and cyclodextrin based nanoparticles to precisely target the tumor site are highlighted and the promising perspectives in this emerging field are discussed.

TL;DR: X-ray crystal analysis showed that the silver nanoparticles are highly crystalline and exhibit a cubic, face centered lattice with characteristic (111), (200), (220) and (311) orientations and anti-bacterial activity on E. coli and S. aureus demonstrated diminished bacterial growth with the development of well-defined inhibition zones.

TL;DR: The main multifunctionalities of HAs associated with their structures and properties are described, focusing on human health applications, and perspectives that may lead to novel technological developments are noted.

TL;DR: The most important inorganic antibacterial agents (Ag, Cu and Zn) are described, and this is followed by a review of the reported attempts of their introduction onto the surface of Ti-based substrates.

TL;DR: The effect of micro- and macroporosity on the physico-chemical and biological properties of scaffolds for musculo-skeletal tissue regeneration is discussed.

TL;DR: This review presents a comprehensive compilation of previous published work on the subject, mainly related to the antimicrobial activity of copper polymer nanocomposites, and highlights the possible mechanisms of action.

TL;DR: The biosynthesis potentials of bark extracts of Ficus benghalensis and Azadirachta indica for production of silver nanoparticles can be used as a broad spectrum therapeutic agent against osteosarcoma and microorganisms.

TL;DR: This work briefly reviews up-to-date developments in solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) as effective nanocolloidal system for drug delivery and summarizes SLNs in terms of their preparation, surface modification and properties.

TL;DR: The antibacterial activity of as-prepared ZnONPs was investigated against several bacteria such as Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium and more.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that incorporation of nanoscale electro-conductive GNPs into CS hydrogels enhances the properties of myocardial constructs and could find utilization for regeneration of other electroactive tissues.

TL;DR: The nano-biocomposite scaffold of chitosan-gelatin-alginate-nHAp has the paramount importance for applications in bone tissue-engineering in future regenerative therapies.

TL;DR: Cytotoxicity tests with alloy extracts and ZnCl2 solutions proved the maximum safe Zn(2+) concentrations of 120 μM and 80 μM for the U-2 OS and L929 cell lines, respectively and Ames test with extracts of alloys indicated that the extracts were not mutagenic.

TL;DR: Quantification analysis of scaffolds on day 5 confirmed that, tissue engineered scaffolds with increased amount of angiogenesis number, granulation tissue area, fibroblast number, and decreased epithelial gap can be more effective compared to GT/PCL/Cur nanofibers.

TL;DR: This review focuses on the formation of nanogels (physical and chemical cross-linking) and their release behavior and recent application ofnanogels is also discussed.

TL;DR: The review provides a brief discussion about clinical trials and patents related to nucleic acid delivery using PEI based systems and brief discussion on cellular uptake mechanism of non-viral vector is included to understand its utility for gene delivery.

TL;DR: Chemistry of certain common polysaccharides, several methodologies used to synthesizepolysaccharide nanoparticles, and primarily focused on the poly Saccharide (or polySaccharide derivative) based nanogels as the carrier of pharmaceutical agents are described.

TL;DR: The results obtained by optical microscopy, SEM analysis and X-ray microtomography show that the laser energy has a significant effect on the compactness and homogeneity of the manufactured parts.

TL;DR: Characteristics and applications of polymer/metal nanocomposites for biomedical applications are extensively explained in several categories including strong and stable materials, conductive devices, sensors and biomedical products.

TL;DR: In vitro evaluation shows that Zn-4Cu presents acceptable toxicity to human endothelial cells, and could effectively inhibit bacteria adhesion and biofilm formation, which make it an excellent candidate material for biodegradable implants, especially for cardiovascular stents application.

TL;DR: A novel technique to anchor individual PCL nanofibers to micrometer-sized ridges on a substrate, and then mechanically tested anchored nan ofibers provides accurate nanofiber mechanical data, which is needed to guide construction of scaffolds for cells and other biomedical devices.

TL;DR: The extraction and recovery methods of sericin and the non-sericin component from the cocoon layer are reported, and their composition, properties and biological activity are described to produce a comprehensive report on biomedical materials and biological drugs.

TL;DR: The functional PLGA-based scaffolds have significantly improved cell adhesion, attachment and proliferation and are summarized in wound dressing, vascular and bone tissue engineering area as well as drug delivery system.

TL;DR: It is concluded that: (i) Machined cp-Ti and Ti6Al4V exhibit similar surface morphology, topography, phase composition and chemistry, and (ii) Under experimental conditions, cp- Ti andTi6Al 4V demonstrate similar osseointegration and biomechanical anchorage.

TL;DR: Ti-Cu alloys with different existing forms of Cu element prepared showed a higher hardness and mechanical strength as well as a higher antibacterial rate but a relatively lower corrosion resistance than pure titanium, and Ti2Cu phase played a key role in the antibacterial mechanism.

TL;DR: The antioxidant activity of synthesized nanoparticles was evaluated performing DPPH assay and it was observed that the photosynthesized nanoparticle also possesses antioxidant potentials, so it can be used as potential free radical scavenger.

TL;DR: The in vivo and in vitro cytotoxicity of graphene-based materials are comprehensively discussed and a summary of its biomedical applications such as drug/gene delivery, photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy and multimodality therapy is offered.

TL;DR: Cell viability and cell attachment studies demonstrated that BC and BC-Vac membranes had no cytotoxicity and could be a good carrier for cell growth.

TL;DR: The prolonged drug release, together with proven biocompatibility, antibacterial and mechanical properties of drug loaded core shell nanofibers make them a promising candidate to be used as drug delivery system for periodontal diseases.