Showing papers in "Medical Engineering & Physics in 2001"

TL;DR: It was demonstrated that the interference colours were useful to identify the thickness of titanium oxide and the anodic forming voltages with slope in acid electrolytes were higher than in alkaline electrolytes, and the effects of electrolyte concentration, electrolyte temperature, and agitation speed were explained on the basis of the model of the electrical double layer.

TL;DR: The complex mechanical interaction between blood flow and wall dynamics in a three dimensional custom model of a patient AAA was studied by means of computational coupled fluid-structure interaction analysis, providing a quantitative local evaluation of the stresses due to local structural and fluid dynamic conditions.

TL;DR: Nonlinear FE models used to estimate proximal femoral fracture loads ex vivo in two load configurations were found to predict fracture load within +/-2.0 kN and will be a powerful tool for studies of hip fracture.

TL;DR: A finite element model of the lumbar spine from L1-L5 vertebral body was created and the fusion model modified from the intact model was used to simulate the anterior interbody fusion to understand the stress distribution of the adjacent disc.

TL;DR: The first in a planned series of neural prosthetic interfaces that allow multichannel systems to be assembled from single-channel micromodules called BIONs (BIOnic Neurons) is developed, which is being used to electrically exercise paralyzed and weak muscles to prevent or reverse disuse atrophy.

TL;DR: In the light of the current biomechanical and physiological knowledge of manual wheelchair propulsion there seems to be a need for the stimulation of other than hand rim propelled manual wheelchairs.

TL;DR: In summary, this large, edited volume would provide a valuable addition to the shelf of anyone interested in the rapidly-developing field of medical image processing.

TL;DR: Under finite strains, the linear complex modulus showed nonrecoverable asymptotic strain conditioning behavior and the threshold of functional failure of the neural tissue were shown to be related to this strain conditioning effect.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluated the ability of automatically generated, CT scan-based linear finite element (FE) models of the proximal femur to predict fracture location and fracture type.

TL;DR: Parametric study on the roles of ligaments, facets, and disc nucleus of human lower cervical spine (C4-C6) was conducted for the very first time using noninvasive finite element method.

TL;DR: The present study was designated to determine the elastic properties of the periodontal ligament (PDL) in human subjects with a maxillary central incisor experimentally translated so that stress or strain could be uniformly distributed in the PDL by applying a single force passing through the center of resistance.

TL;DR: A model of wall-induced fluid flow within a finite tapered two-dimensional channel was developed to simulate intrauterine fluid flow pattern and transport phenomena due to symmetric and asymmetric wall displacements and showed that the transport phenomena are strongly dependent on the phase shift of wall displacement and the angle between the walls.

TL;DR: This study was concerned with individuals who were unable to effectively dorsiflex their ankle when walking, as a result of a lesion of the central nervous system (CNS), and indices that categorise and quantify different patterns of calf and anterior tibial muscle activation patterns during treadmill walking have been derived.

TL;DR: Experiments with ECG records used in other results from the literature revealed that the proposed method compares favorably with various classical and state-of-the-art ECG compressors.

TL;DR: The purpose of this review is to study those nonlinear/chaotic interactions and point towards new theoretical models incorporating the oscillation caused by the same neurotransmitter acting on its different receptor subtypes, which may lead to a better understanding of brain neurodynamics in health and disease.

TL;DR: A novel, self-contained controller capable of stimulating many muscle groups, thus restoring complex motor functions, is designed and implemented to restore walking in a paraplegic subject and indicates that the novel control unit is effectively applicable to FES systems.

TL;DR: The fractal signatures of small regions of interest (32x32 pixels), computed in the frequency domain after corrections for imaging system noise and MTF, were able to characterize the texture of vertebral trabecular bone in CT images.

TL;DR: Features of current first and second generation neuroprostheses developed at the centre are discussed followed by the experience in the application of these devices in the rehabilitation of individuals with spinal cord injury.

TL;DR: An overview of applications of artificial neural networks to various medical problems, with a particular focus on the intensive care unit environment (ICU), is provided to help medical and nursing personnel to assess patient status, assist in making a diagnosis, and facilitate the selection of a course of therapy.

TL;DR: There is a limited choice of technologically suitable biocompatible and bioresistant materials for implants and a device of completely new design for direct stimulation of denervated muscles is being tested in animal studies.

TL;DR: A quasi-static wheelchair propulsion model was developed to investigate the mechanism by which seat position affects propulsion biomechanics and found the effect of seat position on push angle was found to be directly affected by the length of the position vector from the hub of the wheel to the shoulder.

TL;DR: The results showed that the developed animal model can be used to provoke local damage by applying a controlled load and that the amount and location of damage can be assessed using the newly developed techniques.

TL;DR: Recognition scores for mental EEG-patterns were obtained with the low-resolution surface Laplacian transformation of the recorded potentials when compared with those obtained by using full resolution SL (82%).

TL;DR: The design of an implantable neuromuscular stimulator represents a trade-off in which the desire to maximise functionality and operational life competes with the need to be small, reliable, safe, and easy to use.

TL;DR: Significantly increased efficiency and reduced requirement of user power is achieved using the PAPAW, which may be suitable for people who have (or at risk for) upper extremity joint degeneration, reduced exercise capacity, low strength or endurance who currently use electric powered wheelchairs.

TL;DR: This analysis demonstrates that inaccuracies due to inflow velocity profile can be minimized by the extension of the model upstream, and computed results revealed that the maximum wall shear stress in the compliant model was approximately 4-17 percent less than that in the rigid model if the wall motion is larger than 10 percent.

TL;DR: The overall results demonstrated the effectiveness of the integrated approach to three-dimensional material optimization of femoral components of hip prostheses, which can provide meaningful insights into the fiber-reinforced composite material design of orthopaedic implants.

TL;DR: It was found in this study that the weight bearing on the IT for the spinal-cord injured group is distributed on half the surface in comparison with the AB group or the powered wheelchair users groups.

TL;DR: A significant difference was found between exercise with GAME( Wheels) versus without GAME(Wheels) for average ventilation rate and average oxygen consumption, and before and after the midpoint of exercise.

TL;DR: If the wall reaction rate is chosen to be dependent on the wall shear stress then the analysis shows that the maximum platelet flux occurs downstream of the stagnation point, providing a more realistic model of experimental evidence.