Showing papers in "Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology in 2014"

TL;DR: Recent advances and current understanding of the role of GPER and the activity of clinically used drugs, such as SERMs and SERDs, in physiology and disease are discussed and novel opportunities for clinical development towards GPER-targeted therapeutics are highlighted.

TL;DR: Genetic diagnosis to identify individuals with germline MEN1 mutations has facilitated appropriate targeting of clinical, biochemical and radiological screening for this high risk group of patients for whom earlier implementation of treatments can then be considered.

TL;DR: A systematic review of obesity GWAS will summarize genome-wide significant findings for obesity and metabolic syndrome and briefly give a few suggestions of what is to be expected in the next few years.

TL;DR: The main challenges now are to develop highly selective anti-ERβ antibodies that are applied to large well characterized human breast cancer samples to validate their diagnostic potential and to explore ERβ-selective agonists in animal models of breast cancer to validateTheir therapeutic potential.

TL;DR: Triple immunofluorescence of the adrenal demonstrated that the CYp11B1 and the CYP11B2 did not co-localize, while as expected the CyP11 B1 co- localized with the 17α-hydroxylase.

TL;DR: The current review will describe the previous studies and endocrine disruptors shown to promote the epigenetic transgenerational inheritance of disease.

TL;DR: It is discussed how the immune system plays dual host-protective and tumor-promoting roles in breast cancer initiation and progression, and how inflammation promotes more aggressive phenotypes in ERα positive breast cancers.

TL;DR: It is proposed that FSHR exists as a trimer and a two-step monomeric receptor activation mechanism consistent with the observed trimeric crystal form is presented.

TL;DR: This article focuses on neuroprotection as related to cognitive decline and dementia in women who undergo bilateral oophorectomy before the onset of menopause and recommendations for the use of ET by women who experience naturalMenopause at typical ages remain less certain, and more research is needed.

TL;DR: GLP-1R is shown to be a recycling receptor with faster recycling rates mediated by GLp-1 as compared to exendin-4 and liraglutide and a prolonged cycling of ligand-activated GLP- 1Rs was observed and is suggested to be correlated with a prolonged cAMP signal.

TL;DR: Potential sources of this missing heritability are discussed and the possibility that the definition of diabetes and its subgroups is imprecise and thereby making the identification of genetic causes difficult is discussed.

TL;DR: Current research efforts aim to discover the mechanisms responsible for the decoding of the GnRH pulse signal by the gonadotrope, which has the potential to lead to new therapies for patients with altered gonadotropic secretion, such as those with hypothalamic amenorrhea or polycystic ovarian syndrome.

TL;DR: Increased understanding of the inherent differences between LH and hCG will foster more effective diagnostic and prognostic assays for use in a variety of clinical contexts and support the individualization of treatment strategies for conditions such as infertility.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that miR-21 overexpression can contribute to TGF-β1-induced EMT by inhibiting target smad7, and that targeting miR -21 may be a better alternative to directly suppress TGF - β1-mediated fibrosis in DN.

TL;DR: It is found that assay contamination is, in fact, well controlled in most labs, and cannot be used as the basis for discounting evidence that significant and virtually continuous exposure to BPA must be occurring from multiple sources.

TL;DR: The first crystal structures of receptor dimers bound to ligand, DNA and coactivator peptides revealed exciting new interaction surfaces between the different nuclear receptor domains.

TL;DR: Evidence is presented that germ cells of the fetal ovary, pubertal testis and adult testis are co-ordinately regulated and that additional factors remain to be identified.

TL;DR: This comprehensive review provides new insights into brain estrogens by presenting a better understanding of the tissue-specific estrogen effects and their roles in healthy ageing and cognitive function.

TL;DR: Increasing evidence supports the essential role of small RNA-mediated RNA regulation in normal spermatogenesis and male fertility.

TL;DR: The main clinical features, genetic basis, and molecular mechanisms behind two multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes that share quite a bit of similarities, but one can be inherited whereas the other is always sporadic, Carney complex (CNC) and McCune-Albright (MAS), respectively are outlined.

TL;DR: Investigation into the STAT protein network in the mammary gland will likely yield new biomarkers and risk factors for breast cancer, and may also lead to novel prophylactic or therapeutic strategies against breast cancer.

TL;DR: This review aims to provide a summary of the current understanding of the signaling pathways involved in regulating MPF activity during prophase I arrest and reentry into meiosis of mammalian oocytes.

TL;DR: This review focuses on recent advances made in understanding the roles played by these two complexes in the regulation of whole body metabolic homeostasis, which is associated with obesity, type 2 diabetes, cancer and neurodegenerative disorders.

TL;DR: This work will summarize recent developments in the characterization of the putative central roles of key cellular energy sensors, such as mTOR, in this phenomenon and will relate these with other molecular mechanisms likely contributing to the brain coupling of energy balance and fertility.

TL;DR: Results suggest that brain-derived E2 exerts important neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory actions in the hippocampal CA1 region following GCI.

TL;DR: This review will examine available experimental evidence across commonly studied experimental species for developmental programming of female and male reproductive function throughout an individual's life-course.

TL;DR: An update analysis of leptin actions in breast cancer is presented, highlighting its crosstalk to inflammatory cytokines and growth factors essential for tumor development, angiogenesis and potential role in BCSC.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that human white adipocytes express the cold-sensing receptor TRPM8 which activation induces their "browning" supporting a possible role of this receptor in the control of adipose tissue metabolism and body energy balance.

TL;DR: Evidence is provided of an important role of GPR30 in mediating the rapid signaling and neuroprotective actions of E2 in the hippocampus and antisense oligonucleotide knockdown markedly attenuated these rapid kinase signaling effects of E 2-BSA.

TL;DR: New light is shed on the importance of the endocrine role of the skeleton and credence is given to the search for additional endocrine functions of this organ.