Showing papers in "Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution in 1992"

TL;DR: Findings indicate that the internal transcribed spacer region in plants should be further explored as a promising source of nuclear phylogenetic markers.

TL;DR: This work proposes to use a new technique called split decomposition, which accurately dissects the given dissimilarity measure as a sum of elementary "split" metrics plus a (small) residue.

TL;DR: Parsimony analysis of a matrix representingRooted phylogenetic trees as matrices in which the rows correspond to termini, and columns correspond to internal nodes will fully recover the topology of the original tree.

TL;DR: Bootstrap analysis using second codon positions strongly supports affinities between the order Blatteria (cockroaches) and the order Isoptera (termites) and between a wasp and the published honeybee sequence (Order Hymenoptera).

TL;DR: Nucleotide sequences of the small subunit ribosomal RNA (18S) gene were used to investigate evolutionary relationships within the Fungi, suggesting that covariation of sites may be an important phenomenon in these genes.

TL;DR: In this paper, the internal transcribed spacers (ITS1 and ITS2) of the Aedes aegypti and the ITS2 of six related species, A. simpsoni and A. triseriatus, were aligned using both sequence and secondary structure information, leading to the prediction of divergence in the mosquito tribe Aedini.

TL;DR: The IRBP results strongly support a monophyletic Chiroptera (micro- and megabats grouped together), and offer some rare molecular support for the Glires concept, in which rodents and lagomorphs form a superordinal grouping.

TL;DR: A calibration of the phylogenetic tree of schistosomes is proposed that dates "human capture" of these parasites from other animal hosts in Africa to 1-10 million years ago, when the first hominids invaded savanna areas, which are the favorable environment for parasite transmission.

TL;DR: Results reveal a significantly nonrandom distribution of nucleotide substitutions, insertions, and deletions that suggests that portions of the salmonid D-loop may be under differential selective constraints and that most of the control region of these fishes may evolve at a rate similar to that of the remainder of their mtDNA genomes.

TL;DR: Based on the relatively late dates and mounting corroborative evidence from unlinked nuclear genes and mitochondrial DNA for the close sister grouping of humans and chimpanzees, a cladistic classification would place all apes and humans in the same family.

TL;DR: The tree shows that the capacity to shoot ascospores into the air has been lost or, less probably, gained repeatedly and independently and that species lacking forcible ascospore discharge are intercalated among three lineages of species with forcible discharge.

TL;DR: The phylogenetic relationships of several taxa from representative genera, subgenera, groups, and subgroups in the Drosophilidae were examined using sequences from a 905-bp mtDNA fragment using conventional cloning and sequencing techniques.

TL;DR: The most parsimonious and maximum-likelihood trees both separated the Coleoptera and Neuroptera, but this separation was not statistically significant and supported a morphologically monophyletic clade including the fleas+scorpionflies.

TL;DR: DNA sequences of the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) first internal transcribed spacer region (ITS 1) of six species of the salmonid fish genus Salvelinus and the closely related species Hucho perryi were determined, showing a close genetic relationship and possible hybridization between the members of this genus.

TL;DR: An analysis of 54 protein sequences from humans and rodents (mice or rats), with the chicken as an outgroup, indicates that, from the common ancestor of primates and rodents, 35 of the proteins have evolved faster in the lineage to mouse or rat (rodent lineage) whereas only 12 proteins have evolve faster inThe lineage to humans (human lineage).

TL;DR: It is suggested that the endosymbiosis of mealybugs is a consequence of a single bacterial infection and indicate that this ancestor was different from the ancestor involved in aphid endosYmbiosis.

TL;DR: The complete nucleotide sequence of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase II (COII) gene was determined for five species of the honeybee and suggests that A. dorsata is the most ancestral species, followed by the branching of A. andreniformis and A. koschevnikovi.

TL;DR: The traditional phylogenetic placement of Gavialis outside the remaining extant crocodilians is inconsistent with all molecular data sets and it is suggested that a careful reexamination of both the extant and the fossil morphological data is warranted.

TL;DR: Parsimony, maximum likelihood, and bootstrap analyses support some traditional phylogenetic hypotheses and suggest previously unrecognized affinities between the lar species group and Hylobates klossi and between H. lar and H. agilis unko, but show that this segment does not contain information sufficient for completely resolving gibbon relationships at the subgeneric level.

TL;DR: Results do identify those taxonomic levels for which 16S rRNA sequences are phylogenetically informative, and Parsimony analysis revealed strong evidence for monophyly of the aculeates and the terebrants.

TL;DR: In this article, the relationships among members representing each of the three subgenera of the Middle American rodent genus Orthogeomys (Rodentia: Geomyidae) were studied by comparing DNA sequence data from two regions of the mitochondrial genome.

TL;DR: Analysis of the exon/intron structure of Sod in various animal phyla, plants, and fungi indicates that intron insertions as well as deletions have occurred in the evolution of the Sod gene.

TL;DR: In this rRNA study of higher moths and butterflies (Lepidoptera: Ditrysia), the selection of different exemplars and outgroups caused major tree rearrangements and the effectiveness with which conserved rRNA regions track the diversification of LepidopterA is examined.

TL;DR: Phylogenetic analysis, using both character state and distance algorithms, yielded highly concordant trees for the 15 species of cranes, and the African crowned cranes (Balearica) were widely divergent from all other cranes.

TL;DR: The phylogenetic utility of the large ribosomal subunit of mitochondrial DNA from the insect order Hymenoptera is examined, and the correct nucleotide sequence for four members of the parasitic group is provided along with a reanalysis of this gene region.

TL;DR: A molecular phylogeny for a little known member of this superorder, the genus Echinorhinus, and two potential relatives of the prickly shark, the spiny dogfish Squalus acanthias (Squaliformes) and the sevengill shark, Notorynchus cepedianus (Hexanchiformes).

TL;DR: Phylogenetic trees constructed by both the maximum parsimony method and the neighbor-joining method were highly congruent and indicated a high degree of confidence to the association of particular haplotypes within the 80% majority rule consensus tree.

TL;DR: The two mechanisms for generating hypervariability at the reactive center of serine proteases and their inhibitors are gene conversion followed by natural selection and natural selection for point mutation as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: A stochastic method is described for tracing the evolutionary pattern of multialigned sequences that allows us to detect gene regions with distinct evolutionary dynamics, e.g., regions that significantly deviate from the expected behavior.

TL;DR: In this paper, the relative importance of gene conversion followed by natural selection and of natural selection for point mutation in generating variability in immunoglobulins was determined for complementarity-determining regions (CDRs) and for framework regions (FRs).