Showing papers in "Progress in Energy and Combustion Science in 2011"

TL;DR: An up-to-date review of the literature available on the subject of liquid bio-fuels can be found in this article, which includes information based on the research conducted globally by scientists according to their local socio-cultural and economic situations.

TL;DR: In this article, the state and transport mechanism of water in different components of PEMFC are elaborated in detail, and the experimental techniques have been developed to predict distributions of water, gas species, temperature and other parameters in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC).

TL;DR: In this paper, an empirical model for the stoichiometry of biomass pyrolysis is presented, where empirical parameters are introduced to close the conservation equations describing the process, and the prediction capability of the model is briefly addressed, with the results showing that the yields of volatiles released from a specific biomass are predicted with a reasonable accuracy.

TL;DR: In this article, a review of the development of micro-power generators by focusing more on the advance in fundamental understanding of microscale combustion is presented, and the conventional concepts of combustion limits such as flammability limit, quenching diameter, and flame extinction and heat recirculation are revisited.

TL;DR: In this article, a dual-fuel engine with high-cetane fuel and natural gas injection is used to provide a source of ignition for the charge of a spark-ignition (SI) engine.

TL;DR: In this article, a review concentrates on recent developments in the study of elementary reaction kinetics in relation to the modeling and prediction of low-temperature combustion and autoignition, with specific focus placed on the critical alkylperoxy and hydroperoxyalkyl reactions.

TL;DR: The most prominent characteristic of new combustion modes, such as HCCI, Stratified-charge Compression-Ignition (SCCI), and Low-Temperature Combustion (LTC), is the requirement of creating a homogenous mixture or controllable stratified mixture prior to ignition as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: The state of the art in thermally activated cooling technologies for combined cooling, heating and power (CCHP) systems are presented here in detail, mainly including absorption and adsorption refrigeration, and desiccant cooling.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors suggest that steps be taken to curb energy-related CO2 emissions through a number of technological solutions, which are to be implemented in a timely fashion, including substantial improvement in energy conversion and utilization efficiencies, carbon capture and sequestration, and expanding the use of nuclear energy and renewable sources.

TL;DR: In this article, an overview of CH4-CO2 reforming by cold plasmas and thermal plasma is presented, focusing on how to achieve higher conversions at high feed-gas flow rate, so as to lessen the energy consumption in the process by plasma to meet the requirements of industrial application.

TL;DR: In this article, a method based on the spectroscopy of inorganic luminescent materials is described and exemplified in experiments related to combustion, which involves the use of thermographic phosphors which enable remote temperature diagnostics to be performed with a high degree of sensitivity and accuracy.

TL;DR: The field of micro-scale combustion and power generation is a new frontier of technological development, and only a few projects have been funded as discussed by the authors, however, significant progress has been made to date.

TL;DR: In this article, a condensed overview of Gas-to-Liquids (GTL), Bi-LTL, and BTL theory and technology by the use of Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) processes is presented.

TL;DR: In this article, a detailed review of recent advances in the discrete element method (DEM) for describing motion, deposition, agglomeration or aggregation of a large number of adhesive spherical particles immersed in fluid flows, termed as adhesive particulate flow, are reviewed.

TL;DR: A review of chemical kinetic mechanisms for biodiesel combustion can be found in this article, where the authors focus on the development of mechanisms for surrogates, simpler molecules that can produce the primary characteristics of biodiesel combustions.

TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the application of energy models considering scenarios towards a low-carbon society under the energy systems approach is presented, considering the utilization of waste for energy, the penetration of clean coal technologies, transportation sector models as a sample of sectoral approaches, and models related to energy-for-development issues in rural areas of developing countries.

TL;DR: In this article, a technical review of all laboratory and pilot work to identify impacts of sulphur impurities from throughout the oxy-fuel process, from combustion, gas cleaning, compression to sequestration with removal and remedial options is presented.

TL;DR: A comprehensive review of the experimental, analytical and numerical work devoted to understanding the contamination of the cathode, electrolyte membrane and anode of PEM fuel cells can be found in this article.

TL;DR: In this paper, a review of non-linear optical techniques based on resonant four-wave mixing for non-intrusive measurements of minor species in combustion is presented, together with the challenges they present for detection and measurement in the hostile environments of flames, technical combustors, and engines.

TL;DR: In this paper, a review examines the contamination problems, various intervention methods, emergence of antibiotic resistance in contaminant bacteria, and potential alternative options to elucidate antimicrobial products from various natural sources.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examine the state of the art regarding in situ diagnostics, particularly visualization techniques, for probing the behaviour of water in PEMFCs, with attention to neutron radiography, X-ray imaging, magnetic resonance imaging, and optical visualization techniques.

TL;DR: In this paper, a review examines current approximations and approaches that underlie the evaluation of transport properties for combustion modeling applications, including the intermolecular potential and its descriptive molecular parameters.

TL;DR: The status of on-line methods for determining metal species, particularly alkali and heavy metals, is reviewed in this article, where the main focus is on absorption (tunable diode laser and differential absorption spectroscopies) and emission (spontaneous atomic emission, laser induced fluorescence, photofragment fluorescence as well as several varieties of plasma spectroscopy).

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors summarize the current state of Eulerian transport models for turbulent polydispersed particulate flows without size class discretization, and define a stochastic foundation based on Langevin equation for fluid and particle and derivation of the transport equation up to third order statistics without binning the particle diameter.