Showing papers in "Social Science & Medicine in 2017"

TL;DR: There is a strong link between mental health and physical health, but little is known about the pathways from one to the other and health policies aiming at changing physical and mental health need to consider not only the direct cross- effects but also the indirect cross-effects.

TL;DR: There is a need for more research exploring implicit bias in real-world patient care, potential modifiers and confounders of the effect of implicit bias on care, and strategies aimed at reducing implicit bias and improving patient-provider communication.

TL;DR: Results suggest that respondents who refused to comply with EVD control interventions may have done so not because they failed to understand how EVD is transmitted, but rather because they did not trust the capacity or integrity of government institutions to recommend precautions and implement policies to slow EVD's spread.

TL;DR: The objective was to classify the different types of negative effects, following a framework originally proposed by Portes (1998), and included 44 articles in a systematic review of studies that have found a negative association between social capital and health outcomes.

TL;DR: PSMU largely explained the association between SMU and depressive symptom, suggesting that it may be how the authors use social media, not how much, that poses a risk.

TL;DR: A new integrative definition and multidimensional conceptual model is proposed that construes UT as the set of negative and positive psychological responses-cognitive, emotional, and behavioral-provoked by the conscious awareness of ignorance about particular aspects of the world.

TL;DR: A deeper understanding of the association between vicarious racism and child health is crucial in fueling research-informed social action to help children, families, and communities exposed to racism.

TL;DR: Ethnographic results show that, even when contacts adhere rather than comply to containment through coercion, contact monitoring raises several ethical issues and should contribute to the ethics debate about individual rights versus crisis public health measures.

TL;DR: It is suggested that restrictive immigration policies may be detrimental to the mental health of Latinos in the United States.

TL;DR: This article advances the concept of racialized legal status (RLS) as an overlooked dimension of social stratification with implications for racial/ethnic health disparities by suggesting multiple avenues for future research that considers RLS as a mechanism of social inequality with fundamental effects on health.

TL;DR: The DSM model and standard instruments currently based on the DSM may not adequately reflect the experience of depression at the worldwide or regional levels according to a systematic review of qualitative studies of depression worldwide.

TL;DR: Overall, the results suggest that RSBY has been ineffective in reducing the burden of out-of-pocket spending on poor households.

TL;DR: It is found that the multilevel approach provides advantages over conventional models, including scalability for higher dimensions, adjustment for sample size of social strata, model parsimony, and ease of interpretation, for evaluating the intersectionality of health inequalities.

TL;DR: An empirical spatial analysis of the concentration of firearm assaults and violent crimes in 2013 through 2014 relative to zoning in the 1937 HOLC map of Philadelphia finds firearm injury rates are highest in historically red-zoned areas of Philadelphia.

TL;DR: A Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis methodological process, based on Multi Attribute Value Theory (MAVT), is adopted for building a multi-criteria evaluation model and provides a new value framework (Advance Value Framework) enabling the comprehensive measurement of value in a structured and transparent way.

TL;DR: The research demonstrated how healthcare inequalities among Aboriginal peoples are perpetuated by systemic racism and discrimination and suggested healthcare providers must understand the structural and historical forces that influence racial disparities in healthcare and personal attitudes in clinical practice.

TL;DR: Evidence from these selected articles revealed a general consensus that individuals under threat of eviction present negative health outcomes, both mental (e.g. depression, anxiety, psychological distress, and suicides) and physical (poor self-reported health, high blood pressure and child maltreatment).

TL;DR: The overall results suggest no immigrant mortality advantage, but studies that used only native born persons as controls did find a significant all-cause mortality advantage and it is found that the relative risk of mortality largely depends on life course stages.

TL;DR: Ass associations between segregation and adverse birth outcomes by race are assessed to gain a deeper understanding of the operationalizations of segregation most salient for birth outcomes and to provide opportunities to intervene to reduce seemingly intractable racial disparities in adverseBirth outcomes.

TL;DR: A critical scoping review of the literature related to Indigenous mental health in Canada shows that the literature is overwhelmingly concerned with issues related to colonialism in mental health services and the prevalence and causes of mental illness among Indigenous peoples in Canada, but with several significant gaps.

TL;DR: The case is made for anti-racism praxis as a tool to address inequities in public health, and a framework to inform the training and support of allies is described.

TL;DR: It is argued that crowdfunding has the potential to deepen social and health inequities in the U.S. by promoting forms of individualized charity that rely on unequally-distributed literacies to demonstrate deservingness and worth.

TL;DR: This review provides evidence of some effective BCTs for maintaining behaviour to 15 months in young and middle-aged adults and shows greater consideration must be given to how future interventions encourage and measure maintenance of changes.

TL;DR: The research findings reveal that recently observed patterns of climate change have exacerbated farmers' worries about the weather, undermined notions of self-identity, and contributed to cumulative and chronic forms of place-based distress, culminating in heightened perceived risk of depression and suicide.

TL;DR: It is found African Americans report lower trust than Whites across all trust measures, and significant differences in trust between White and African American adults may be contributing to disparities in influenza immunization.

TL;DR: A systematic review was carried out to explore how rapid qualitative methods have been used during global heath emergencies to understand which methods are commonly used, how they are applied, and the difficulties faced by social science researchers in the field.

TL;DR: The findings suggest that IMF conditionality impedes progress toward the attainment of universal health coverage in 16 West African countries.

TL;DR: Qualitative and quantitative data show that water insecurity, food insecurity and changing household demographics, likely resulting from the HIV/AIDS epidemic, are all associated with increased anxiety and depression, and support the conclusion that water insecure is a critical syndemic dimension in Lesotho.

TL;DR: The findings indicate that comprehensive strategies incorporating a broader progress on socioeconomic conditions as well as investments in nutrition specific programs are needed to improve child undernutrition in South Asia.

TL;DR: The results show that health consequences of caregiving vary not only between different welfare regimes but also between countries of similar welfare state types.