Journal ArticleDOI
A survey of ionospheric effects on space-based radar
Zheng-Wen Xu,Jian Wu,Zhensen Wu +2 more
TLDR
In this paper, a survey of the potential ionospheric effects on the performance of space-based radar systems (SBRs) operating in the ambient ionosphere environment is presented.Abstract:
In this survey, we fully review almost all potential ionospheric effects on the performance of space-based radar systems (SBRs), which operate in the ambient ionosphere environment; in particular, we review the use of space-based synthetic aperture radar systems (SARs) for imaging. There are two families of effects involved. One is the effects of the background ionosphere (non-turbulent ionosphere), such as dispersion, group delay, refraction, Faraday rotation, and phase shift. The other is the effects due to ionospheric irregularities, such as refractive index fluctuation, phase perturbation, angle-of-arrival fluctuation, pulse broadening, clutter, and amplitude scintillation. These effects adversely affect SAR imaging in several respects, such as by causing image shift in the range, and degradations of the range resolution, azimuthal resolution, and/or the resolution in height (elevation). We also review ionospheric irregularity characteristics and descriptions, propagation channel statistics, ...read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
A tutorial on synthetic aperture radar
Alberto Moreira,Pau Prats-Iraola,Marwan Younis,Gerhard Krieger,Irena Hajnsek,Konstantinos Papathanassiou +5 more
TL;DR: This paper provides first a tutorial about the SAR principles and theory, followed by an overview of established techniques like polarimetry, interferometry and differential interferometric as well as of emerging techniques (e.g., polarimetric SARinterferometry, tomography and holographic tomography).
Journal ArticleDOI
Recent Trend and Advance of Synthetic Aperture Radar with Selected Topics
TL;DR: A short review is presented on the recent trend and development of SAR and related techniques with selected topics, including the fields of applications, specifications of airborne and spaceborne SARs, and information contents in and interpretations of amplitude data, interferometric SAR (InSar) data, and polarimetric SAR (PolSAR) data.
Journal ArticleDOI
Duration, magnitude, and frequency of subaerial volcano deformation events: New results from Latin America using InSAR and a global synthesis
TL;DR: In this paper, satellite-based interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) was used to make the first systematic search for deformation in all volcanic arcs of Latin America (including Mexico, Central America, the Caribbean, and the northern and southern Andes), spanning 2006-2008.
Journal ArticleDOI
Accuracy and Resolution of ALOS Interferometry: Vector Deformation Maps of the Father's Day Intrusion at Kilauea
TL;DR: Improved coherence combined with similar or better accuracy and resolution suggests that L-band ALOS will outperform C-band ERS in the recovery of slow crustal deformation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Toward Operational Compensation of Ionospheric Effects in SAR Interferograms: The Split-Spectrum Method
TL;DR: The results show how the split-spectrum method is able to systematically compensate the ionospheric phase in interferograms, with the expected accuracy, and can therefore be a valid element of the operational processor.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Second-order statistics of radio wave propagation through the structured ionosphere
Zheng-Wen Xu,Jian Wu,Zhensen Wu +2 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the second-order statistical quantities, such as coherence time, coherence distance and coherence bandwidth, were derived by using an analytic solution to the mutual coherence function for plane wave recently obtained by iteration of an integral equation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Exact calculation of errors at transionospheric propagation
TL;DR: In this article, a ray-tracing method for the precise calculation of range errors and group delay errors of VHF transionospheric radio waves has been developed, which allows quantitative estimation of the influence of the geomagnetic field and the ionosphere at large zenith angles.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
Obtaining high resolution in transionospheric space-borne VHF-band SAR for Earth remote sensing
TL;DR: In this article, the authors show that it is possible to overcome the resolution limitations in transionospheric VHF SARs by means of adaptive processing of received signals at the SAR output.
Journal ArticleDOI
Monte Carlo simulation in the theory of wave propagation in random media: II. Scintillation index, second and fourth moments
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors developed and tested the approach of combining a path-integral technique and a complex-valued Monte Carlo method to calculate the highest moments of the Green function of the stochastic wave equation for media with random small-scale inhomogeneities against the background of large scale inhomogeneity, and showed that the applicability of the parabolic approximation (without the Markov approximation) is much wider than might be expected.
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