Journal ArticleDOI
A survey of ionospheric effects on space-based radar
Zheng-Wen Xu,Jian Wu,Zhensen Wu +2 more
TLDR
In this paper, a survey of the potential ionospheric effects on the performance of space-based radar systems (SBRs) operating in the ambient ionosphere environment is presented.Abstract:
In this survey, we fully review almost all potential ionospheric effects on the performance of space-based radar systems (SBRs), which operate in the ambient ionosphere environment; in particular, we review the use of space-based synthetic aperture radar systems (SARs) for imaging. There are two families of effects involved. One is the effects of the background ionosphere (non-turbulent ionosphere), such as dispersion, group delay, refraction, Faraday rotation, and phase shift. The other is the effects due to ionospheric irregularities, such as refractive index fluctuation, phase perturbation, angle-of-arrival fluctuation, pulse broadening, clutter, and amplitude scintillation. These effects adversely affect SAR imaging in several respects, such as by causing image shift in the range, and degradations of the range resolution, azimuthal resolution, and/or the resolution in height (elevation). We also review ionospheric irregularity characteristics and descriptions, propagation channel statistics, ...read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Transient Deformation in California From Two Decades of GPS Displacements: Implications for a Three-Dimensional Kinematic Reference Frame.
TL;DR: A new analysis of displacement time series from about 1,000 continuous Global Positioning System stations in California from 1999 to 2018 is used to distinguish tectonic and nontectonic transients from secular motion and define a high‐resolution three‐dimensional reference frame (datum) for California.
Journal ArticleDOI
Calibration of Spaceborne Linearly Polarized Low Frequency SAR Using Polarimetric Selective Radar Calibrators
Jie Chen,Shaun Quegan,Xunjun Yin +2 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an algorithm for measuring system errors (channel imbalance and cross-talk) in the presence of Faraday rotation for spaceborne polarimetric SAR data.
Journal ArticleDOI
Multiscale modeling and nested simulations of three-dimensional ionospheric plasmas: Rayleigh–Taylor turbulence and nonequilibrium layer dynamics at fine scales
TL;DR: In this article, a range of scales, from mesoscale to ionospheric microscale, are included in a 3D modeling framework, and simulations of primary and secondary Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities in the equatorial spread F (ESF), the response of the plasma density to the neutral turbulent dynamics, and wave breaking in the lower region of the ionosphere and nonequilibrium layer dynamics at fine scales are presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
On SAR Imaging through the Earth's Ionosphere
TL;DR: The ionospheric phenomena, both deterministic and random, are shown to affect the azimuthal resolution of a SAR sensor stronger than the range resolution; also, the effect of randomness appears weaker than that of the baseline dispersion.
Journal ArticleDOI
Redshifted intergalactic He + 3 8.7 GHz hyperfine absorption
Matthew McQuinn,Eric R. Switzer +1 more
TL;DR: The 8.7 GHz line in the intergalactic medium is approximately the cosmic microwave background temperature, such that this transition is best observed in absorption against high-redshift, radio-bright quasars as mentioned in this paper.
References
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