Additive manufacture of superduplex stainless steel using WAAM
Magnus Eriksson,Malin Lervåg,Camilla Sørensen,Andreas Robertstad,Bård M. Brønstad,Bård Nyhus,Ragnhild Aune,Xiaobo Ren,Odd M. Akselsen,Odd M. Akselsen +9 more
- Vol. 188, pp 03014
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TLDR
In this paper, the applicability of wire and arc additive manufacturing for superduplex stainless steels was investigated, and it was concluded that additive manufacturing of super-duplex steels by wire-and-arc process is feasible.Abstract:
Superduplex stainless steels have been used in the oil and gas industry for a couple of decades due to the combination of excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. The present investigation addresses the applicability of wire and arc additive manufacturing for this steel grade. Due to the inherent rapid heating and cooling, the initial base metal microstructure will be substantially altered, and complex thermal cycles may cause the formation of brittle secondary phases, among which the frequently observed intermetallic sigma phase is most harmful. However, no intermetallic phases have been observed, which is consistent with the low heat input employed, and the high Ni content in the wire. The microstructure observations in terms of ferrite volume fraction, Cr nitrides precipitation and the formation of secondary austenite are discussed together with the hardness measurements, tensile testing and notch toughness testing. It is concluded that additive manufacturing of superduplex stainless steels by wire and arc process is feasible.read more
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Steels in additive manufacturing: A review of their microstructure and properties
Priyanshu Bajaj,Avinash Hariharan,Anoop Kini,Philipp Kürnsteiner,Dierk Raabe,Eric Aimé Jägle +5 more
TL;DR: In this paper, an overview of the different kinds of steels in use in fusion-based AM processes and present their microstructures, their mechanical and corrosion properties, their heat treatments and their intended applications.
Journal ArticleDOI
Wire arc additive manufacturing of stainless steels: A review
TL;DR: In this paper, the current status of stainless steel wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) was reviewed, covering the microstructure, mechanical properties, and defects related to different stainless steels and process parameters.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanical and microstructural testing of wire and arc additively manufactured sheet material
Pinelopi Kyvelou,Pinelopi Kyvelou,Harry Slack,Dafni Daskalaki Mountanou,M. Ahmer Wadee,T. Ben Britton,Craig Buchanan,Craig Buchanan,Leroy Gardner,Leroy Gardner +9 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a series of tensile tests on WAAM stainless steel was conducted; the results are presented in this paper, where as-built and machined coupons were tested to investigate the influence of the geometrical irregularity on the stress-strain characteristics, while material anisotropy was explored by testing coupons produced at different angles to the printing orientation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Wire and arc additive manufacturing of metal components: a review of recent research developments
TL;DR: The research developments of WAAM in recent years are summarized, including the WAAM-suitable metal materials and processing technology, deposition strategy optimization including slicing and path planning algorithm, multi-sensor monitoring and intelligent control, and the large complex metal components manufacturing technology.
Journal ArticleDOI
Wire-arc additive manufacturing of a duplex stainless steel: thermal cycle analysis and microstructure characterization
Vahid A. Hosseini,Mats Högström,Kjell Hurtig,Maria Asuncion Valiente Bermejo,Lars Erik Stridh,Leif Karlsson +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, the evolution of microstructures with thermal cycles was studied for wire-arc additive manufacturing of duplex stainless steel blocks, and the results showed that a similar geometry was produced with 14 layers for LHLT and 15 layers for HHHT.
References
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