Aerosol transmission of SARS-CoV-2 due to the chimney effect in two high-rise housing drainage stacks.
K Pollard,Qun Wang,Yuguo Li,David Christopher Lung,David Christopher Lung,Pak-To Chan,Chung-Hin Dung,Wei Jia,Te Miao,Jianxiang Huang,Wenzhao Chen,Zixuan Wang,Kai-Ming Leung,Zhang Lin,Daniel Wong,Herman Tse,Sally Cheuk-Ying Wong,Garnet K. Y. Choi,Jimmy Yiu-Wing Lam,Kelvin K. W. To,Vincent C.C. Cheng,Kwok-Yung Yuen +21 more
TLDR
Wang et al. as discussed by the authors investigated two such outbreaks of COVID-19 in Hong Kong, identified the probable role of chimney effect-induced airflow in a building drainage system in the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and injected tracer gas (SF6) into the drainage stacks via the water closet of the index case.About:
This article is published in Journal of Hazardous Materials.The article was published on 2022-01-05 and is currently open access. It has received 25 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Aerosol & Environmental science.read more
Citations
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Enhanced decay of coronaviruses in sewers with domestic wastewater
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors investigated the decay of infectious human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E) and feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV), two typical surrogate coronaviruses, in laboratory-scale reactors mimicking the gravity (GS, gravity-driven sewers) and rising main sewers (RM, pressurized sewers).
Journal ArticleDOI
Spread of SARS-CoV-2 aerosols via two connected drainage stacks in a high-rise housing outbreak of COVID-19
Qun Wang,Zhang Lin,Jianlei Niu,Garnet K. Y. Choi,Jimmy Chi Hung Fung,Alexis K.H. Lau,Peter K.K. Louie,K. Leung,Jianxiang Huang,Pan Cheng,Pengcheng Zhao,Wenzhao Chen,Cheng Zhang,Li Hui Fu,P.W. Chan,Ann H. Wong,Herman Tse,Sally C. Y. Wong,Raymond Lai,David S.C. Hui,Kwok-Yung Yuen,David Christopher Lung,Yuguo Li +22 more
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors injected tracer gas (SF6) into drainage stacks via toilet or balcony of Flat 812, monitored gas concentrations in roof vent, toilet, façade, and living room in four of the seven flats with infected residents and four flats with no infected residents.
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Explosive outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant is associated with vertical transmission in high-rise residential buildings in Hong Kong
Vincent C.C. Cheng,Shuk-Ching Wong,Albert Ka-Wing Au,Cheng Zhang,Jonathan H. K. Chen,Simon Y.C. So,Xin Li,Qun Wang,Kelvin Keru Lu,David Christopher Lung,Vivien Wai-Man Chuang,Eric Henry Schuldenfrei,Gilman Kit Hang Siu,Kelvin K. W. To,Yuguo Li,Kwok-Yung Yuen +15 more
TL;DR: In this article , the prevalence of vertical transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in high-rise residential buildings (HRRBs) is unique in densely populated cosmopolitan city.
Journal ArticleDOI
Role of pathogen-laden expiratory droplet dispersion and natural ventilation explaining a COVID-19 outbreak in a coach bus
Qiqi Luo,Cuiyun Ou,Jian Huang,Zhiwen Luo,Hongyu Yang,Xia Yang,Xuelin Zhang,Yuguo Li,Xiaodan Fan +8 more
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors conducted CFD simulations to investigate integrated effects of initial droplet diameters (tracer gas, 5 μm, 50 μm and 100 μm), natural air change rates per hour (ACH = 0.62, 2.27 and 5.66 h-1 related to bus speeds) and relative humidity (RH = 35% and 95%) on pathogen-laden droplet dispersion and infection risks.
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Ventilation reconstruction in bathrooms for restraining hazardous plume: Mitigate COVID-19 and beyond
Ji-Xiang Wang,Zhenpeng Hu,Hongmei Wang,Ming-Liang Zhong,YuFeng Mao,Yun-yun Li,Mengxiao Wang,Shuhuai Yao +7 more
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors compared three ventilation schemes in a family bathroom including the traditional ceiling fan, floor fan, and side-wall fan and found that the traditional fan was barely functional whereby aerosol particles were not being adequately removed.
References
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First Case of 2019 Novel Coronavirus in the United States.
Michelle Holshue,Chas DeBolt,Scott Lindquist,Kathy H Lofy,John Wiesman,Hollianne Bruce,Christopher Spitters,Keith M. Marzilli Ericson,Sara Wilkerson,Ahmet Tural,George Diaz,Amanda C. Cohn,LeAnne Fox,Anita Patel,Susan I. Gerber,Lindsay Kim,Suxiang Tong,Xiaoyan Lu,Steve Lindstrom,Mark A. Pallansch,William C. Weldon,Holly M. Biggs,Timothy M. Uyeki,Satish K. Pillai +23 more
TL;DR: This case highlights the importance of close coordination between clinicians and public health authorities at the local, state, and federal levels, as well as the need for rapid dissemination of clinical information related to the care of patients with this emerging infection.
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Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Different Types of Clinical Specimens.
TL;DR: Results of PCR and viral RNA testing for SARS-CoV-2 in bronchoalveolar fluid, sputum, feces, blood, and urine specimens from patients with COVID-19 infection in China are described to identify possible means of non-respiratory transmission.
Journal ArticleDOI
Consistent Detection of 2019 Novel Coronavirus in Saliva.
Kelvin K. W. To,Kelvin K. W. To,Kelvin K. W. To,Owen Tak Yin Tsang,Cyril C. Y. Yip,Cyril C. Y. Yip,Kwok-Hung Chan,Tak Chiu Wu,Jacky Chan,Wai Shing Leung,Thomas Shiu Hong Chik,Chris Yau Chung Choi,Darshana H. Kandamby,David Christopher Lung,Anthony Raymond Tam,Rosana W.S. Poon,Rosana W.S. Poon,Agnes Yim Fong Fung,Ivan Hung,Vincent C.C. Cheng,Vincent C.C. Cheng,Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan,Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan,Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan,Kwok-Yung Yuen,Kwok-Yung Yuen,Kwok-Yung Yuen +26 more
TL;DR: The 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was detected in the self-collected saliva of 91.7% of patients and Serial saliva viral load monitoring generally showed a declining trend.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evidence of Airborne Transmission of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Virus
Ignatius Tak-sun Yu,Yuguo Li,Tze Wai Wong,Wilson W.S. Tam,Andy Chan,Joseph H.W. Lee,Dennis Y.C. Leung,Thomas C. Ho +7 more
TL;DR: Airborne spread of the virus appears to explain this large community outbreak of SARS in Hong Kong, and future efforts at prevention and control must take into consideration the potential for airborne spread of this virus.
Journal ArticleDOI
Saliva or Nasopharyngeal Swab Specimens for Detection of SARS-CoV-2.
Anne L. Wyllie,John Fournier,Arnau Casanovas-Massana,Melissa Campbell,Maria Tokuyama,Pavithra Vijayakumar,Joshua L. Warren,Bertie Geng,M. Catherine Muenker,Adam J. Moore,Chantal B.F. Vogels,Mary E. Petrone,Isabel M. Ott,Peiwen Lu,Arvind Venkataraman,Alice Lu-Culligan,Jonathan Klein,Rebecca Earnest,Michael Simonov,Rupak Datta,Ryan Handoko,Nida Naushad,Lorenzo R. Sewanan,Jordan Valdez,Elizabeth B. White,Sarah Lapidus,Chaney C. Kalinich,Xiaodong Jiang,Daniel J. Kim,Eriko Kudo,Melissa M. Linehan,Tianyang Mao,Miyu Moriyama,Ji Eun Oh,Annsea Park,Julio Silva,Eric Song,Takehiro Takahashi,Manabu Taura,Orr-El Weizman,Patrick Wong,Yexin Yang,Santos Bermejo,Camila D. Odio,Saad B. Omer,Charles S. Dela Cruz,Shelli F. Farhadian,Richard A. Martinello,Akiko Iwasaki,Nathan D. Grubaugh,Albert I. Ko +50 more
TL;DR: Investigators report that saliva specimens and nasopharyngeal swab specimens had similar sensitivity in the detection of SARS-CoV-2 Infection.