Journal ArticleDOI
Altered fatty acid desaturation and microsomal fatty acid composition in the streptozotocin diabetic rat
Fred H. Faas,William J. Carter +1 more
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Most of the changes in fatty acid composition in the diabetic rat are indeed caused by the diminished fatty acid desaturase activities, with the exception of the diminished arachidonic aicd levels which are further decreased following insulin therapy.Abstract:
Streptozotocin diabetes in the rat diminishes the synthesis of both monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Rat liver microsomal fatty acid composition and fatty acid desaturation were studied in the streptozotocin diabetic rat. The major alterations in fatty acid composition found in the diabetic rat were decreased proportions of palmitoleic, oleic and arachidonic acids and an increased proportion of linoleic and docosahexaeneoic acids. These findings, other than the increased docosahexaeneoic acid, probably result from the diminished liver microscomal δ9 and δ6 desaturase activities found in these animals. These changes are not due to the diminished weight gain of the diabetic animals since restricting food intake of control animals to achieve a similar weight gain failed to reproduce either the changes in fatty acid composition or the decrease in fatty acid desaturation. The increased food intake of the diabetic animal may contribute to the altered proportions of linleic and arachidonic acids since limiting food intake in diabetic animals to that of normal controls diminished the magnitude of these changes. Insulin therapy for 2 days not only reverses and overcorrects the diminished desaturase activities, but likewise reverses and overcorrects the altered fatty acid composition, with the exception of the diminished arachidonic aicd levels which are further decreased following insulin therapy. These findings strongly suggest that most of the changes in fatty acid composition in the diabetic rat are indeed caused by the diminished fatty acid desaturase activities.read more
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The Relation between Insulin Sensitivity and the Fatty-Acid Composition of Skeletal-Muscle Phospholipids
Mark Borkman,Leonard H Storlien,David A. Pan,Arthur B. Jenkins,Donald J. Chisholm,Lesley V. Campbell +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, the relation between the fatty acid composition of skeletal-muscle phospholipids and insulin sensitivity was determined in two groups of subjects, including 27 patients undergoing coronary artery surgery and 13 normal men.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cardiolipins and biomembrane function
TL;DR: Evidence is discussed for roles of cardiolipins in oxidative phosphorylation mechanisms that regulate State 4 respiration by returning ejected protons across and over bacterial and mitochondrial membrane phospholipids, and that regulates State 3 respiration through the relative contributions of proteins that transport protons, electrons and/or metabolites.
Journal ArticleDOI
Beneficial effects of aloe vera leaf gel extract on lipid profile status in rats with streptozotocin diabetes
TL;DR: The results of the present study provide a scientific rationale for the use of Aloe vera as an antidiabetic agent.
Journal ArticleDOI
The fatty acid chain elongation system of mammalian endoplasmic reticulum
TL;DR: The critical, inducible and rate-limiting condensing enzyme has resisted solubilization and purification; the purification of the other components has met with limited success.
References
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