Antioxidant Vitamins and Prebiotic FOS and XOS Differentially Shift Microbiota Composition and Function and Improve Intestinal Epithelial Barrier In Vitro.
Van T. Pham,Marta Calatayud,Chloë Rotsaert,Nicole Seifert,Nathalie Richard,Pieter Van den Abbeele,Massimo Marzorati,Robert E. Steinert,Robert E. Steinert +8 more
TLDR
In this paper, the authors evaluated the effect of fructooligosaccharides (FOS), xylooligosa-coarse (XOS) and a mixture of an antioxidant vitamin blend (AOB) on gut microbiota composition and activity, and intestinal barrier in vitro.Abstract:
Human gut microbiota (HGM) play a significant role in health and disease. Dietary components, including fiber, fat, proteins and micronutrients, can modulate HGM. Much research has been performed on conventional prebiotics such as fructooligosaccharides (FOS) and galactooligosaccharides (GOS), however, novel prebiotics or micronutrients still require further validation. We assessed the effect of FOS, xylooligosaccharides (XOS) and a mixture of an antioxidant vitamin blend (AOB) on gut microbiota composition and activity, and intestinal barrier in vitro. We used batch fermentations and tested the short-term effect of different products on microbial activity in six donors. Next, fecal inocula from two donors were used to inoculate the simulator of the human microbial ecosystem (SHIME) and after long-term exposure of FOS, XOS and AOB, microbial activity (short- and branched-chain fatty acids and lactate) and HGM composition were evaluated. Finally, in vitro assessment of intestinal barrier was performed in a Transwell setup of differentiated Caco-2 and HT29-MTX-E12 cells exposed to fermentation supernatants. Despite some donor-dependent differences, all three tested products showed beneficial modulatory effects on microbial activity represented by an increase in lactate and SCFA levels (acetate, butyrate and to a lesser extent also propionate), while decreasing proteolytic markers. Bifidogenic effect of XOS was consistent, while AOB supplementation appears to exert a specific impact on reducing F. nucleatum and increasing butyrate-producing B. wexlerae. Functional and compositional microbial changes were translated to an in vitro host response by increases of the intestinal barrier integrity by all the products and a decrease of the redox potential by AOB supplementation.read more
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Gut Microbiota and Short Chain Fatty Acids: Implications in Glucose Homeostasis
Piero Portincasa,Leonilde Bonfrate,Mirco Vacca,Maria De Angelis,Ilaria Farella,Elisa Lanza,Mohamad Khalil,David Q.-H. Wang,Markus Sperandio,Agostino Di Ciaula +9 more
TL;DR: Diet might influence gut microbiota composition and activity, SCFAs production, and metabolic effects, as well as modulate several metabolic pathways and are involved in obesity, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes.
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Leaky Gut: Effect of Dietary Fiber and Fats on Microbiome and Intestinal Barrier
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reviewed the effect of nutrients on intestinal permeability and microbiome for a better understanding of leaky gut and a possible mechanism of increase in intestinal permeivity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Enzymatically synthesised fructooligosaccharides from sugarcane syrup modulate the composition and short-chain fatty acid production of the human intestinal microbiota.
Siti Hajar-Azhari,Muhamad Hafiz Abd Rahim,Shahrul Razid Sarbini,Belal J. Muhialdin,Lasekan Olusegun,Nazamid Saari +5 more
TL;DR: This paper evaluated the prebiotic effect of unpurified/purified sugarcane syrup (SS) containing FOS for the modulation of the human intestinal microbial composition and short-chain fatty acid production.
Journal ArticleDOI
Organoid technologies for the study of intestinal microbiota-host interactions.
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors present recent studies on probiotics and postbiotics in the context of novel discovery tools, such as organoids and organoid-based platforms, and nontransformed preclinical models, that can be generated from intestinal stem cells.
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Riboflavin Bioenriched Soymilk Alleviates Oxidative Stress Mediated Liver Injury, Intestinal Inflammation, and Gut Microbiota Modification in B2 Depletion-Repletion Mice.
Yun-Yang Zhu,Kiran Thakur,Jian-Guo Zhang,Fei Hu,Carlos L. Cespedes-Acuña,Chenzhong Liao,Zhao-Jun Wei +6 more
TL;DR: It is revealed that B2FS can effectively alleviate deleterious ariboflavinosis associated with oxidative stress mediated liver injury, chronic intestinal inflammation, and gut dysbiosis in the B2 depletion-repletion mice model via activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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