Journal ArticleDOI
Axonal Guillain-Barré syndrome: concepts and controversies
Satoshi Kuwabara,Nobuhiro Yuki +1 more
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
Improved understanding of the disease mechanism and pathophysiology might lead to new treatment options and improve the outlook for patients with AMAN.Abstract:
Summary Acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN) is a pure motor axonal subtype of Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) that was identified in the late 1990s. In Asia and Central and South America, it is the major subtype of GBS, seen in 30–65% of patients. AMAN progresses more rapidly and has an earlier peak than demyelinating GBS; tendon reflexes are relatively preserved or even exaggerated, and autonomic dysfunction is rare. One of the main causes is molecular mimicry of human gangliosides by Campylobacter jejuni lipo-oligosaccharides. In addition to axonal degeneration, electrophysiology shows rapidly reversible nerve conduction blockade or slowing, presumably due to pathological changes at the nodes or paranodes. Autoantibodies that bind to GM1 or GD1a gangliosides at the nodes of Ranvier activate complement and disrupt sodium-channel clusters and axoglial junctions, which leads to nerve conduction failure and muscle weakness. Improved understanding of the disease mechanism and pathophysiology might lead to new treatment options and improve the outlook for patients with AMAN.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Global Epidemiology of Campylobacter Infection
TL;DR: Overall, campylobacteriosis is still one of the most important infectious diseases that is likely to challenge global health in the years to come.
Journal ArticleDOI
Guillain-Barré syndrome.
TL;DR: The data for GBS suggests that the immunologic mechanism can involve molecular mimicry, at least in some GBS variants, and it is likely that multiple mechanisms render the axon vulnerable.
Journal ArticleDOI
Guillain–Barré syndrome: pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis
Bianca van den Berg,Christa Walgaard,Judith Drenthen,Christiaan Fokke,Bart C. Jacobs,Pieter A. van Doorn +5 more
TL;DR: Novel prognostic models can accurately predict outcome and the need for artificial ventilation, which could aid the selection of patients with a poor prognosis for more-individualized care.
Journal ArticleDOI
CHARMM-GUI Membrane Builder for Complex Biological Membrane Simulations with Glycolipids and Lipoglycans.
Jumin Lee,Dhilon S. Patel,Jonas Ståhle,Sang-Jun Park,Nathan R. Kern,Seonghoon Kim,Joonseong Lee,Xi Cheng,Miguel A. Valvano,Otto Holst,Yuriy A. Knirel,Yifei Qi,Sunhwan Jo,Jeffery B. Klauda,Göran Widmalm,Wonpil Im +15 more
TL;DR: These tools are expected to be useful in innovative and novel glycolipid/LPS/LOS modeling and simulation research by easing tedious and intricate steps in modeling complex biological systems and shall provide insight into structures, dynamics, and underlying mechanisms of complex glycolIPid-/ LPS-/LOS-containing biological membrane systems.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanisms of distal axonal degeneration in peripheral neuropathies
TL;DR: Detailed mechanisms of axon degeneration itself have begun to be elucidated with studies of animal models with altered degeneration kinetics, including the slowed Wallerian degeneration (Wld(S)) and Sarm knockout animal models.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Guillain-Barré syndrome
TL;DR: Investigators of large, worldwide, collaborative studies of the spectrum of Guillain-Barré syndrome are accruing data for clinical and biological databases to inform the development of outcome predictors and disease biomarkers, which is transforming the clinical and scientific landscape of acute autoimmune neuropathies.
Journal ArticleDOI
A randomized trial comparing intravenous immune globulin and plasma exchange in Guillain-Barre syndrome
TL;DR: A multicenter trial to determine whether intravenous immune globulin is as effective as the more complicated treatment with plasma exchange in the subacute demyelinating polyneuropathy known as Guillain—Barre syndrome.
Journal ArticleDOI
Electrophysiological classification of guillain-barré syndrome: Clinical associations and outcome
R. D. M. Hadden,David R. Cornblath,Richard A. C. Hughes,Jürgen Zielasek,Hans-Peter Hartung,K.V. Toyka,A. V. Swan +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, electrophysiological and serological testing within 15 days of symptom onset on 369 patients with Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS) enrolled in a trial comparing plasma exchange, intravenous immunoglobulin, and both treatments.
Journal ArticleDOI
The spectrum of antecedent infections in Guillain-Barré syndrome: A case-control study
Bart C. Jacobs,P. H. Rothbarth,F. G. A. Van Der Meche,P Herbrink,P. I. M. Schmitz,M. de Klerk,P.A. van Doorn +6 more
TL;DR: To determine which antecedent infections are specifically associated with the Guillain-Barré syndrome, a serologic study in 154 GBS patients and 154 sex- and age-matched controls with other neurologic diseases found that C. jejuni, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, and M. pneumoniae are specifically related to GBS.
Journal ArticleDOI
Guillain-Barré syndrome in northern China Relationship to Campylobacter jejuni infection and anti-glycolipid antibodies
Tony W. Ho,Ban Mishu,C. Y. Li,C. Y. Gao,David R. Cornblath,John W. Griffin,Arthur K. Asbury,Martin J. Blaser,Martin J. Blaser,Guy M. McKhann +9 more
TL;DR: No statistically significant correlations were found between the pattern of disease, AMAN or AIDP, anti-glycolipid antibodies, or C. jejuni antibodies.