β-Lactamase Gene Expression in a Penicillin-Resistant Bacillus anthracis Strain
TLDR
In a penicillin-resistant clinical isolate, both genes are highly transcribed, but bla1 is the major contributor to high-level resistance to ampicillin.Abstract:
Expression of the bla1 and bla2 genes in an archetypal Bacillus anthracis strain is insufficient for penicillin resistance. In a penicillin-resistant clinical isolate, both genes are highly transcribed, but bla1 is the major contributor to high-level resistance to ampicillin. Differential expression of the bla genes is dependent upon strain background. Ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, and penicillin G are currently recommended by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Food and Drug Administration as therapeutics for inhalation and cutaneous anthrax (16). Prototypical Bacillus anthracis strains are susceptible to all three of these antibiotics. There have been no reports of naturally occurring ciprofloxacin- or doxycycline-resistant B. anthracis strains, but naturally occurring penicillin-resistant B. anthracis isolates have been reported (5, 19, 20, 32), and surveys of clinical and soil-derived strains have revealed penicillin G resistance in up to 16% of isolates tested (3, 6, 8, 10, 21, 25, 26).read more
Citations
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Capsule synthesis by Bacillus anthracis is required for dissemination in murine inhalation anthrax
TL;DR: It is shown that a strain carrying both virulence plasmids but deleted specifically for capBCAD is highly attenuated in a mouse model for inhalation anthrax, indicating that acpA and acpB are not true functional homologs and that acPB may play a larger role in virulence than originally suspected.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bacillus anthracis Multiplication, Persistence, and Genetic Exchange in the Rhizosphere of Grass Plants
Elke Saile,Theresa M. Koehler +1 more
TL;DR: The findings demonstrate that B. anthracis can survive as a saprophyte outside of the host and suggest that horizontal gene transfer in the rhizosphere of grass plants may play a role in the evolution of the Bacillus cereus group species.
Journal ArticleDOI
Characterization of Bacillus anthracis-Like Bacteria Isolated from Wild Great Apes from Côte d'Ivoire and Cameroon
Silke R. Klee,Muhsin Özel,Bernd Appel,Christophe Boesch,Heinz Ellerbrok,Daniela Jacob,Gudrun Holland,Fabian H. Leendertz,Fabian H. Leendertz,Georg Pauli,Roland Grunow,Herbert Nattermann +11 more
TL;DR: The microbiological and molecular characterization of bacteria isolated from four chimpanzees and one gorilla thought to have died of an anthrax-like disease in Côte d'Ivoire and Cameroon showed slight differences in their biochemical characteristics and MICs of different antibiotics but were identical in all molecular features and sequences analyzed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bacillus anthracis physiology and genetics.
TL;DR: The developmental nature of B. anthracis and its pathogenic (mammalian host) and environmental (soil) lifestyles of make it an interesting model for study of niche-specific bacterial gene expression and physiology.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prevalence, genetic diversity, and antibiotic susceptibility of Bacillus cereus strains isolated from rice and cereals collected in Korea.
Yong-Bae Park,Jung-Beom Kim,Sang-Woon Shin,Jong-Chan Kim,Seung-Hak Cho,Bok-Kwon Lee,Juhee Ahn,Jae-Myung Kim,Deog-Hwan Oh +8 more
TL;DR: The isolates were susceptible to most of the antibiotics tested, but they were highly resistant to ampicillin, cefepime, oxacillin, and penicillin, while the genetic diversity and toxic potential differ among the strains isolated from cereals.
References
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Book
Bacillus subtilis and other gram-positive bacteria : biochemistry, physiology, and molecular genetics
TL;DR: Gram-Positive Bacteria Metabolism and Regulation Cell Envelope Chromosome Structure chromosome Replication, Modification, and Repair Genetic Exchange and Genetic Engineering Transcription and Translation Machinery Post-Exponential Phase Phenomena Bacteriophages Production of Commercial Products.
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Demonstration of a capsule plasmid in Bacillus anthracis.
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Postexposure Prophylaxis against Experimental Inhalation Anthrax
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TL;DR: Protecting monkeys exposed to a lethal aerosol dose of Bacillus anthracis when the antibiotic was discontinued by combining postexposure antibiotic treatment with vaccination was provided.
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Mry, a trans-acting positive regulator of the M protein gene of Streptococcus pyogenes with similarity to the receptor proteins of two-component regulatory systems.
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