Below‐ground carbon input to soil is controlled by nutrient availability and fine root dynamics in loblolly pine
John S. King,Timothy J. Albaugh,H. Lee Allen,Marilyn A. Buford,Boyd R. Strain,Phillip M. Dougherty +5 more
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It is concluded that increased nutrient availability might increase carbon input to soils through enhanced fine root turnover, however, this will depend on the extent to which mycorrhizal root formation is affected, as these mycor rhizal roots have much longer average lifespans than fine and coarse roots.Abstract:
Summary
• Availability of growth limiting resources may alter root dynamics in forest ecosystems, possibly affecting the land–atmosphere exchange of carbon. This was evaluated for a commercially important southern timber species by installing a factorial experiment of fertilization and irrigation treatments in an 8-yr-old loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) plantation.
• After 3 yr of growth, production and turnover of fine, coarse and mycorrhizal root length was observed using minirhizotrons, and compared with stem growth and foliage development.
• Fertilization increased net production of fine roots and mycorrhizal roots, but did not affect coarse roots. Fine roots had average lifespans of 166 d, coarse roots 294 d and mycorrhizal roots 507 d. Foliage growth rate peaked in late spring and declined over the remainder of the growing season, whereas fine roots experienced multiple growth flushes in the spring, summer and fall.
• We conclude that increased nutrient availability might increase carbon input to soils through enhanced fine root turnover. However, this will depend on the extent to which mycorrhizal root formation is affected, as these mycorrhizal roots have much longer average lifespans than fine and coarse roots.read more
Citations
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The plastic plant: root responses to heterogeneous supplies of nutrients
TL;DR: The environmental context in which the root response is expressed is as important as the magnitude of the response itself when it comes to demonstrating that root proliferation is beneficial to the plant.
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Plant and mycorrhizal regulation of rhizodeposition
TL;DR: Evidence is brought together to show that roots can directly regulate most aspects of rhizosphere C flow either by regulating the exudation process itself or by directly regulating the recapture of exudates from soil.
Journal ArticleDOI
Specific root length as an indicator of environmental change
Ivika Ostonen,U. Puttsepp,C. Biel,Odair Alberton,Mark R. Bakker,Krista Lõhmus,Hooshang Majdi,Daniel B. Metcalfe,A. F. M. Olsthoorn,Annette Pronk,Elena Vanguelova,Martin Weih,Ivano Brunner +12 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that SRL can be used successfully as an indicator of nutrient availability to trees in experimental conditions after meta-analyses showed that S RL decreased significantly under fertilization and Al-stress and responded negatively to reduced light, elevated temperature and CO2.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evolutionary history resolves global organization of root functional traits
Zeqing Ma,Dali Guo,Xingliang Xu,Mingzhen Lu,Richard D. Bardgett,David M. Eissenstat,M. Luke McCormack,M. Luke McCormack,Lars O. Hedin +8 more
TL;DR: The analysis of a global dataset of 10 functionally important root traits in metabolically active first-order roots suggests that plants have evolved thinner roots since they first emerged in land ecosystems, which has enabled them to markedly improve their efficiency of soil exploration per unit of carbon invested and to reduce their dependence on symbiotic mycorrhizal fungi.
Journal ArticleDOI
Assessing the patterns and controls of fine root dynamics: an empirical test and methodological review
Joseph J. Hendricks,Ronald L. Hendrick,Carlos A. Wilson,Robert J. Mitchell,Stephen D. Pecot,Dali Guo +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, fine root ( ≤ 0.5 mm diameter) production was assessed using minirhizotron, soil core, ingrowth core, nitrogen budget and carbon budget techniques in three longleaf pinewiregrass forest ecosystem types.
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