Institution
Van Hall Larenstein University of Applied Sciences
Education•Leeuwarden, Netherlands•
About: Van Hall Larenstein University of Applied Sciences is a education organization based out in Leeuwarden, Netherlands. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Foraging & Population. The organization has 218 authors who have published 235 publications receiving 4492 citations.
Topics: Foraging, Population, Climate change, Biodiversity, Stakeholder
Papers published on a yearly basis
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TL;DR: It is suggested that SRL can be used successfully as an indicator of nutrient availability to trees in experimental conditions after meta-analyses showed that S RL decreased significantly under fertilization and Al-stress and responded negatively to reduced light, elevated temperature and CO2.
Abstract: Specific root length (SRL, m g(-1)) is probably the most frequently measured morphological parameter of fine roots. It is believed to characterize economic aspects of the root system and to be indi ...
486 citations
University of Leeds1, University of Edinburgh2, University College London3, University of Exeter4, Imperial College London5, National University of Saint Anthony the Abbot in Cuzco6, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno7, National Institute of Amazonian Research8, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso9, Universidade Federal do Acre10, University of Los Andes11, University of Washington12, Environmental Change Institute13, Centre national de la recherche scientifique14, Lancaster University15, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi16, University of Lorraine17, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana18, Smithsonian Institution19, University of Montpellier20, James Cook University21, Wageningen University and Research Centre22, Agro ParisTech23, University of Amsterdam24, Naturalis25, Federal University of Western Pará26, State University of Campinas27, National Institute for Space Research28, Florida International University29, University of São Paulo30, Tropenbos International31, Amazon.com32, Federal University of Pará33, Michigan Technological University34, University of Texas at Austin35, Polytechnic University of Valencia36, Venezuelan Institute for Scientific Research37, Royal Museum for Central Africa38, Tecnológico de Antioquia39, George Mason University40, Universidad del Tolima41, National University of Colombia42, Paul Sabatier University43, Georgetown University44, University of La Serena45, Forestry Commission46, Federal University of Alagoas47, Duke University48, Van Hall Larenstein University of Applied Sciences49, University of Nottingham50
TL;DR: A slow shift to a more dry‐affiliated Amazonia is underway, with changes in compositional dynamics consistent with climate‐change drivers, but yet to significantly impact whole‐community composition.
Abstract: Most of the planet's diversity is concentrated in the tropics, which includes many regions undergoing rapid climate change. Yet, while climate‐induced biodiversity changes are widely documented elsewhere, few studies have addressed this issue for lowland tropical ecosystems. Here we investigate whether the floristic and functional composition of intact lowland Amazonian forests have been changing by evaluating records from 106 long‐term inventory plots spanning 30 years. We analyse three traits that have been hypothesized to respond to different environmental drivers (increase in moisture stress and atmospheric CO2 concentrations): maximum tree size, biogeographic water‐deficit affiliation and wood density. Tree communities have become increasingly dominated by large‐statured taxa, but to date there has been no detectable change in mean wood density or water deficit affiliation at the community level, despite most forest plots having experienced an intensification of the dry season. However, among newly recruited trees, dry‐affiliated genera have become more abundant, while the mortality of wet‐affiliated genera has increased in those plots where the dry season has intensified most. Thus, a slow shift to a more dry‐affiliated Amazonia is underway, with changes in compositional dynamics (recruits and mortality) consistent with climate‐change drivers, but yet to significantly impact whole‐community composition. The Amazon observational record suggests that the increase in atmospheric CO2 is driving a shift within tree communities to large‐statured species and that climate changes to date will impact forest composition, but long generation times of tropical trees mean that biodiversity change is lagging behind climate change.
263 citations
TL;DR: Evidence indicates that ACC2, the isoform located in close proximity to CPT2, is the major regulator of CPT1 activity, which could make it potential targets to treat components of the metabolic syndrome such as obesity and insulin resistance.
Abstract: Insulin sensitizers like metformin generally act through pathways triggered by adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase. Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1) controls mitochondrial beta-oxidation and is inhibited by malonyl-CoA, the product of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC). The adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase-ACC-CPT1 axis tightly regulates mitochondrial long-chain fatty acid oxidation. Evidence indicates that ACC2, the isoform located in close proximity to CPT1, is the major regulator of CPT1 activity. ACC2 as well as CPT1 are therefore potential targets to treat components of the metabolic syndrome such as obesity and insulin resistance. Reversible inhibitors of the liver isoform of CPT1, developed to prevent ketoacidosis and hyperglycemia, have been found to be associated with side effects like hepatic steatosis. However, stimulation of systemic CPT1 activity may be an attractive means to accelerate peripheral fatty acid oxidation and hence improve insulin sensitivity. Stimulation of CPT1 can be achieved by elimination or inhibition of ACC2 activity and through activating transcription factors like peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors and their protein partners. The latter leads to enhanced CPT1 gene expression. Recent developments are discussed, including a recently identified CPT1 isoform, i.e. CPT1C. This protein is highly expressed in the brain and may provide a target for new tools to prevent obesity.
232 citations
University of Leeds1, National University of Saint Anthony the Abbot in Cuzco2, University of Exeter3, Environmental Change Institute4, Utrecht University5, Duke University6, Florida International University7, Centre national de la recherche scientifique8, National Institute of Amazonian Research9, James Cook University10, Paul Sabatier University11, University of Turku12, Universidade Federal do Acre13, Universidad Autónoma Gabriel René Moreno14, Institut national de la recherche agronomique15, University of Los Andes16, Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso17, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi18, National Park Service19, National University of Colombia20, Van Hall Larenstein University of Applied Sciences21, World Wide Fund for Nature22, Wageningen University and Research Centre23, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute24, Georgetown University25, Federal University of Western Pará26, National Institute for Space Research27, Smithsonian Institution28, Tropenbos International29, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences30, Northern Arizona University31, University of Kent32, Central University of Ecuador33, University of Texas at Austin34, University of São Paulo35, University of Michigan36, Venezuelan Institute for Scientific Research37, State University of Campinas38, Conservation International39, National Agrarian University40, University College London41
TL;DR: It is found that dominance of forest function is even more concentrated in a few species than is dominance of tree abundance, with only ≈1% of Amazon tree species responsible for 50% of carbon storage and productivity.
Abstract: While Amazonian forests are extraordinarily diverse, the abundance of trees is skewed strongly towards relatively few 'hyperdominant' species. In addition to their diversity, Amazonian trees are a key component of the global carbon cycle, assimilating and storing more carbon than any other ecosystem on Earth. Here we ask, using a unique data set of 530 forest plots, if the functions of storing and producing woody carbon are concentrated in a small number of tree species, whether the most abundant species also dominate carbon cycling, and whether dominant species are characterized by specific functional traits. We find that dominance of forest function is even more concentrated in a few species than is dominance of tree abundance, with only ≈1% of Amazon tree species responsible for 50% of carbon storage and productivity. Although those species that contribute most to biomass and productivity are often abundant, species maximum size is also influential, while the identity and ranking of dominant species varies by function and by region.
229 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss how the common forestry practice of creating clear cuts in relatively homogenous, managed forests may increase the potential impact of ungulates, and they suggest that there is much to gain if management approaches would focus at influencing foraging behaviour of animals and reduce their concentration in forest gaps, rather than purely focusing on population control.
179 citations
Authors
Showing all 221 results
| Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
|---|---|---|---|
| Arjen M. Strijkstra | 27 | 47 | 2306 |
| Esther Nederhof | 24 | 58 | 1932 |
| Rob Roggema | 16 | 126 | 789 |
| Martin J. Baptist | 16 | 80 | 1539 |
| Wouter Beukema | 15 | 42 | 1494 |
| Rico Lie | 15 | 63 | 763 |
| Thomas Raap | 14 | 18 | 623 |
| Mart Vlam | 14 | 22 | 938 |
| Derk Jan Stobbelaar | 13 | 37 | 1210 |
| Ralf H. E. Mullers | 12 | 18 | 459 |
| Philip de Pous | 12 | 22 | 358 |
| Elizelle Juaneé Cilliers | 10 | 44 | 424 |
| Inga A. Wolframm | 9 | 16 | 168 |
| Wim Timmermans | 9 | 45 | 410 |
| Hylke W. van Dijk | 9 | 23 | 243 |