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Chemotherapy of trypanosomiases and leishmaniasis

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TLDR
Financial constraints continue to represent a major hurdle to drug development, however, the appearance of not-for-profit product-development partnerships offers a new paradigm for bringing new drugs to patients.
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This article is published in Trends in Parasitology.The article was published on 2005-11-01. It has received 380 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Drug development.

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Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases

TL;DR: In addition to malaria, tuberculosis, and human immunodeficiency virus infection, several other infectious diseases are associated with substantial morbidity and mortality as discussed by the authors, in particular 13 tropical diseases that cause disabilities such as blindness and heart failure.
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Control of neglected tropical diseases.

TL;DR: From the Sabin Vaccine Institute, and George Washington University, Washington, DC (P.J.H.Hotez, M.E.S., J.D.S.), this work was funded by the National Institutes of Health.
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Specific chemotherapy of Chagas disease: relevance, current limitations and new approaches.

TL;DR: A critical review of the development of specific chemotherapeutic approaches for the management of American Trypanosomiasis or Chagas disease is presented, and the most promising approaches are ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitors such as posaconazole and ravuconazole.
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Recent advances in leishmaniasis treatment.

TL;DR: This review describes the arsenal available for treating Leishmania infections, as well as recent advances from research on plants and synthetic compounds as source drugs for treating the disease, and highlights some biopharmaceutical technologies in the design of the delivery strategy.
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Parasitic diseases: Liposomes and polymeric nanoparticles versus lipid nanoparticles.

TL;DR: The review focuses on the biological and biopharmaceutical issues to be considered in the design of delivery strategy for treating parasitic infections and describes the role of the colloidal carriers liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, lipid nanoparticles in optimizing the delivery of anti-malarial, anti-leishmanial and anti-trypanosomial agents.
References
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Drug development for neglected diseases: a deficient market and a public-health policy failure

TL;DR: It is found that, of 1393 new chemical entities marketed between 1975 and 1999, only 16 were for tropical diseases and tuberculosis, and there is a 13-fold greater chance of a drug being brought to market for central-nervous-system disorders or cancer than for a neglected disease.
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Comparative genomics of trypanosomatid parasitic protozoa.

TL;DR: No evidence that these species are descended from an ancestor that contained a photosynthetic endosymbiont is revealed, and a conserved core proteome of about 6200 genes in large syntenic polycistronic gene clusters is revealed.
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Oral Miltefosine for Indian Visceral Leishmaniasis

TL;DR: Oral miltefosine is an effective and safe treatment for Indian visceral leishmaniasis and may also be helpful in regions where parasites are resistant to current agents.
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Drug resistance in Indian visceral leishmaniasis.

TL;DR: Despite several disadvantages, amphotericin B is the only drug available for use in these areas and should be used as first‐line drug instead of Sbv, and the new oral antileishmanial drug miltefosine is likely to be the first-line drug in future.
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Specific chemotherapy of Chagas disease: controversies and advances.

TL;DR: Promising approaches include interference with trypanothione synthesis and redox metabolism, in addition to inhibition of purine salvage, dihydrofolate reductase, phospholipid biosynthesis, and protein prenylation and acylation.
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