Journal ArticleDOI
Chitinases: in agriculture and human healthcare
TLDR
This review covers the recent advances of chitinases as a biocontrol agent and its various applications including preparation of medically important chitooligosaccharides, bioconversion of Chitin as well as in implementing chit inases as diagnostic and prognostic markers for numerous diseases and the prospect of their future utilization.Abstract:
Biological control of phytopathogenic fungi and insects continues to inspire the research and development of environmentally friendly bioactive alternatives. Potentially lytic enzymes, chitinases can act as a biocontrol agent against agriculturally important fungi and insects. The cell wall in fungi and protective covers, i.e. cuticle in insects shares a key structural polymer, chitin, a β-1,4-linked N-acetylglucosamine polymer. Therefore, it is advantageous to develop a common biocontrol agent against both of these groups. As chitin is absent in plants and mammals, targeting its metabolism will signify an eco-friendly strategy for the control of agriculturally important fungi and insects but is innocuous to mammals, plants, beneficial insects and other organisms. In addition, development of chitinase transgenic plant varieties probably holds the most promising method for augmenting agricultural crop protection and productivity, when properly integrated into traditional systems. Recently, human proteins with chitinase activity and chitinase-like proteins were identified and established as biomarkers for human diseases. This review covers the recent advances of chitinases as a biocontrol agent and its various applications including preparation of medically important chitooligosaccharides, bioconversion of chitin as well as in implementing chitinases as diagnostic and prognostic markers for numerous diseases and the prospect of their future utilization.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Biocontrol Yeasts: Mechanisms and Applications
TL;DR: Yeasts represent a largely unexplored field of research and plentiful opportunities for the development of commercial, yeast-based applications for plant protection exist, but the scarcity of fundamental studies on yeast biocontrol mechanisms and of registered yeast- based biocOntrol products is highlighted.
Journal ArticleDOI
Chitinases from Bacteria to Human: Properties, Applications, and Future Perspectives
Abhishek Rathore,Rinkoo D. Gupta +1 more
TL;DR: A review on properties and applications of chitinases starting from bacteria, followed by fungi, insects, plants, and vertebrates is presented in this paper, where a rational approach for improved catalytic activity for cost-effective field applications has also been explored.
Journal ArticleDOI
Antifungal Agents in Agriculture: Friends and Foes of Public Health
Verônica Soares Brauer,Caroline Patini Rezende,André Moreira Pessoni,Renato Graciano de Paula,Kanchugarakoppal S. Rangappa,Siddaiah Chandra Nayaka,Vijai Kumar Gupta,Fausto Almeida +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the use of antifungal agents in agriculture worldwide, the need to develop new ant-agents, and improvement of regulations regarding ant-drug use.
Journal ArticleDOI
Chitinase-producing bacteria and their role in biocontrol
TL;DR: Chitinolytic microorganisms are likely to play an important role as biocontrol agents and pathogen antagonists and may also function in the control of postharvest rot.
Journal ArticleDOI
Chitinases—Potential Candidates for Enhanced Plant Resistance towards Fungal Pathogens
TL;DR: Chitinases in combination with recombinant technology can be a promising tool for improving plant resistance to fungal diseases.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Purification and properties of chitinase from cabbage stems with roots.
TL;DR: Chitinase has been purified from the extract of cabbage stems with roots through successive steps of ammonium sulfate fractionation, Sephadex G‐75 gel filtration, chromatofocusing and Sephacryl S‐200 HR gel filTration, where the purity increased by 63 fold and the recovery of the enzyme activity was 18%.
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Purification and characterization of chitinase isozymes from a red algae, Chondrus verrucosus.
Kazuya Shirota,Takuya Sato,Junichi Sekiguchi,Kouji Miyauchi,Atsushi Mochizuki,Masahiro Matsumiya +5 more
TL;DR: Results indicate that the reactions of Chi-A, B, and C for GlcNAcn were a retaining mechanism similar to that of family 18 chitinase, which degraded squid pen β-chitin more than crab shell or shrimp shell α-Chitin.
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Properties of extracellular chitinase from Myrothecium verrucaria, an antagonist to the groundnut rust Puccinia arachidis
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Purification and Characterization of Two Chitinase Isoforms from the Bulbs of Gladiolus (Gladiolus gandavensis)
TL;DR: Two chitinase isoforms were purified from the bulbs of gladiolus using CM-cellulose column chromatography followed by Butyl-Toyopearl 650 M hydrophobic column Chromatography, gel filtration on Sephadex G-75, and Mono-S FPLC.
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Induction and localization of a lipoxygenase from Fusarium proliferatum
TL;DR: The results of subcellular fractionation suggest that lipoxygenase is mainly distributed among microsomal and mitochondrial fractions in Fusarium proliferatum, which was highly induced when the fungus was grown in a medium containing soya oil rich in linoleic acid.