Journal ArticleDOI
Chitinases: in agriculture and human healthcare
TLDR
This review covers the recent advances of chitinases as a biocontrol agent and its various applications including preparation of medically important chitooligosaccharides, bioconversion of Chitin as well as in implementing chit inases as diagnostic and prognostic markers for numerous diseases and the prospect of their future utilization.Abstract:
Biological control of phytopathogenic fungi and insects continues to inspire the research and development of environmentally friendly bioactive alternatives. Potentially lytic enzymes, chitinases can act as a biocontrol agent against agriculturally important fungi and insects. The cell wall in fungi and protective covers, i.e. cuticle in insects shares a key structural polymer, chitin, a β-1,4-linked N-acetylglucosamine polymer. Therefore, it is advantageous to develop a common biocontrol agent against both of these groups. As chitin is absent in plants and mammals, targeting its metabolism will signify an eco-friendly strategy for the control of agriculturally important fungi and insects but is innocuous to mammals, plants, beneficial insects and other organisms. In addition, development of chitinase transgenic plant varieties probably holds the most promising method for augmenting agricultural crop protection and productivity, when properly integrated into traditional systems. Recently, human proteins with chitinase activity and chitinase-like proteins were identified and established as biomarkers for human diseases. This review covers the recent advances of chitinases as a biocontrol agent and its various applications including preparation of medically important chitooligosaccharides, bioconversion of chitin as well as in implementing chitinases as diagnostic and prognostic markers for numerous diseases and the prospect of their future utilization.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Biocontrol Yeasts: Mechanisms and Applications
TL;DR: Yeasts represent a largely unexplored field of research and plentiful opportunities for the development of commercial, yeast-based applications for plant protection exist, but the scarcity of fundamental studies on yeast biocontrol mechanisms and of registered yeast- based biocOntrol products is highlighted.
Journal ArticleDOI
Chitinases from Bacteria to Human: Properties, Applications, and Future Perspectives
Abhishek Rathore,Rinkoo D. Gupta +1 more
TL;DR: A review on properties and applications of chitinases starting from bacteria, followed by fungi, insects, plants, and vertebrates is presented in this paper, where a rational approach for improved catalytic activity for cost-effective field applications has also been explored.
Journal ArticleDOI
Antifungal Agents in Agriculture: Friends and Foes of Public Health
Verônica Soares Brauer,Caroline Patini Rezende,André Moreira Pessoni,Renato Graciano de Paula,Kanchugarakoppal S. Rangappa,Siddaiah Chandra Nayaka,Vijai Kumar Gupta,Fausto Almeida +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the use of antifungal agents in agriculture worldwide, the need to develop new ant-agents, and improvement of regulations regarding ant-drug use.
Journal ArticleDOI
Chitinase-producing bacteria and their role in biocontrol
TL;DR: Chitinolytic microorganisms are likely to play an important role as biocontrol agents and pathogen antagonists and may also function in the control of postharvest rot.
Journal ArticleDOI
Chitinases—Potential Candidates for Enhanced Plant Resistance towards Fungal Pathogens
TL;DR: Chitinases in combination with recombinant technology can be a promising tool for improving plant resistance to fungal diseases.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Chitotriosidase activity in the serum of patients with sarcoidosis and pulmonary tuberculosis.
Elena Bargagli,Maria Margollicci,Nikolaos Nikiforakis,Alice Luddi,Anna Perrone,Salvatore Grosso,Paola Rottoli +6 more
TL;DR: Although the mechanisms leading to the increase in chitotriosidase activity in sarcoidosis are still unknown, this enzyme may be specifically involved in the pathogenesis of the disease.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Use of Trichoderma harzianum and T. viride as Potential Biocontrol Agents Against Peanut Microflora and Their Effectiveness in Reducing Aflatoxin Contamination of Infected Kernels
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Purification and characterization of an extracellular chitinase from antagonistic Streptomyces violaceusniger
Anand Nagpure,Rajinder K. Gupta +1 more
TL;DR: The actinomycetes Streptomyces violaceusniger showed strong antagonistic activity against various tested wood rotting fungi and an extracellular chitinase, produced by antagonistic S. violaceUSniger MTCC 3959, was purified as follows: ammonium sulfate precipitation, chit in affinity and chromatographic separation of Q Sepharose.
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Insecticidal activity of the crystalline parasporal inclusions and other components of the Bacillus sphaericus 1593 spore complex
TL;DR: Results indicate that the crystals are the major source of insecticidal toxin in strains of B sphaericus which produce them.
Journal ArticleDOI
Chitinase from Enterobacter sp. NRG4: Its purification, characterization and reaction pattern
TL;DR: This paper aims to demonstrate the efforts towards in-situ applicability of EMMARM, which aims to provide real-time information about concrete mechanical properties such as E-modulus and compressive strength in the response of the immune system to EMTs.