Journal ArticleDOI
Chitinases: in agriculture and human healthcare
TLDR
This review covers the recent advances of chitinases as a biocontrol agent and its various applications including preparation of medically important chitooligosaccharides, bioconversion of Chitin as well as in implementing chit inases as diagnostic and prognostic markers for numerous diseases and the prospect of their future utilization.Abstract:
Biological control of phytopathogenic fungi and insects continues to inspire the research and development of environmentally friendly bioactive alternatives. Potentially lytic enzymes, chitinases can act as a biocontrol agent against agriculturally important fungi and insects. The cell wall in fungi and protective covers, i.e. cuticle in insects shares a key structural polymer, chitin, a β-1,4-linked N-acetylglucosamine polymer. Therefore, it is advantageous to develop a common biocontrol agent against both of these groups. As chitin is absent in plants and mammals, targeting its metabolism will signify an eco-friendly strategy for the control of agriculturally important fungi and insects but is innocuous to mammals, plants, beneficial insects and other organisms. In addition, development of chitinase transgenic plant varieties probably holds the most promising method for augmenting agricultural crop protection and productivity, when properly integrated into traditional systems. Recently, human proteins with chitinase activity and chitinase-like proteins were identified and established as biomarkers for human diseases. This review covers the recent advances of chitinases as a biocontrol agent and its various applications including preparation of medically important chitooligosaccharides, bioconversion of chitin as well as in implementing chitinases as diagnostic and prognostic markers for numerous diseases and the prospect of their future utilization.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Biocontrol Yeasts: Mechanisms and Applications
TL;DR: Yeasts represent a largely unexplored field of research and plentiful opportunities for the development of commercial, yeast-based applications for plant protection exist, but the scarcity of fundamental studies on yeast biocontrol mechanisms and of registered yeast- based biocOntrol products is highlighted.
Journal ArticleDOI
Chitinases from Bacteria to Human: Properties, Applications, and Future Perspectives
Abhishek Rathore,Rinkoo D. Gupta +1 more
TL;DR: A review on properties and applications of chitinases starting from bacteria, followed by fungi, insects, plants, and vertebrates is presented in this paper, where a rational approach for improved catalytic activity for cost-effective field applications has also been explored.
Journal ArticleDOI
Antifungal Agents in Agriculture: Friends and Foes of Public Health
Verônica Soares Brauer,Caroline Patini Rezende,André Moreira Pessoni,Renato Graciano de Paula,Kanchugarakoppal S. Rangappa,Siddaiah Chandra Nayaka,Vijai Kumar Gupta,Fausto Almeida +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the use of antifungal agents in agriculture worldwide, the need to develop new ant-agents, and improvement of regulations regarding ant-drug use.
Journal ArticleDOI
Chitinase-producing bacteria and their role in biocontrol
TL;DR: Chitinolytic microorganisms are likely to play an important role as biocontrol agents and pathogen antagonists and may also function in the control of postharvest rot.
Journal ArticleDOI
Chitinases—Potential Candidates for Enhanced Plant Resistance towards Fungal Pathogens
TL;DR: Chitinases in combination with recombinant technology can be a promising tool for improving plant resistance to fungal diseases.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Purification and Characterization of Chitinases from the Nematophagous Fungi Verticillium chlamydosporium and V. suchlasporium
TL;DR: Culture filtrates of the nematophagous fungi Verticillium chlamydosporium and V. suchlasporium growing on colloidal chitin showed increasing chitinolytic activity and production of two main proteins, and a single endochitinase (CHI43) with optimum pH range of 5.2-5.7 was found.
Journal ArticleDOI
YKL-40 is elevated in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and activates alveolar macrophages.
Séverine Létuvé,Alexander Kozhich,Nassim Arouche,Nassim Arouche,Martine Grandsaigne,Martine Grandsaigne,Jennifer L. Reed,Marie-Christine Dombret,Peter A. Kiener,Michel Aubier,Anthony J. Coyle,Marina Pretolani,Marina Pretolani +12 more
TL;DR: It is concluded that YKL-40 is up-regulated in COPD, in which it may contribute to tissue inflammation and remodeling by sustaining the synthesis of proinflammatory and fibrogenic chemokines and of metalloproteinases by alveolar macrophages.
Journal ArticleDOI
Self versus non-self: fungal cell wall degradation in Trichoderma.
TL;DR: It is hypothesized that the regulation of self and non-self fungal cell wall degradation is not due to a speciation of individual chitinases, but is regulated by substrate accessibility due to cell wall protection in healthy hyphae vs deprotection during mycoparasitic attack, hyphal ageing and autolysis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Improvement of the Fungal Biocontrol Agent Trichoderma atroviride To Enhance both Antagonism and Induction of Plant Systemic Disease Resistance
Kurt Brunner,Susanne Zeilinger,R. Ciliento,Sheridian L. Woo,Matteo Lorito,Christian P. Kubicek,Robert L. Mach +6 more
TL;DR: This work demonstrates that heterologous genes driven by pathogen-inducible promoters can increase the biocontrol and systemic resistance-inducing properties of fungal biOControl agents, such as Trichoderma spp.
Journal ArticleDOI
Increased insect virulence in Beauveria bassiana strains overexpressing an engineered chitinase.
Yanhua Fan,Weiguo Fang,Weiguo Fang,Shujuan Guo,Xiaoqiong Pei,Yongjun Zhang,Yuehua Xiao,Demou Li,Kai Jin,Michael J. Bidochka,Yan Pei +10 more
TL;DR: A strategy where genetic components of the host insect can be incorporated into the fungal pathogen in order to increase host cuticle penetration ability is utilized in B. bassiana.