Journal ArticleDOI
Cognitive dissonance induction in everyday life: An fMRI study
TLDR
Results showed that in comparison with the control conditions the dissonance experience led to higher levels of activation in several brain regions, and dissonance was associated with increased neural activation in key brain regions including the anterior cingulate cortex, anterior insula, inferior frontal gyrus, and precuneus.Abstract:
This functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study explored the neural substrates of cognitive dissonance during dissonance "induction." A novel task was developed based on the results of a separate item selection study (n = 125). Items were designed to generate dissonance by prompting participants to reflect on everyday personal experiences that were inconsistent with values they had expressed support for. One experimental condition (dissonance) and three control conditions (justification, consonance, and non-self-related inconsistency) were used for comparison. Items of all four types were presented to each participant (n = 14) in a randomized design. The fMRI analysis used a whole-brain approach focusing on the moments dissonance was induced. Results showed that in comparison with the control conditions the dissonance experience led to higher levels of activation in several brain regions. Specifically dissonance was associated with increased neural activation in key brain regions including the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), anterior insula, inferior frontal gyrus, and precuneus. This supports current perspectives that emphasize the role of anterior cingulate and insula in dissonance processing. Less extensive activation in the prefrontal cortex than in some previous studies is consistent with this study's emphasis on dissonance induction, rather than reduction. This article also contains a short review and comparison with other fMRI studies of cognitive dissonance.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Dealing with dissonance: A review of cognitive dissonance reduction
TL;DR: The authors provide an overview of cognitive dissonance reduction and highlight a series of factors that can help us move research about dissonance reducing forward, and conclude that examination of these factors in studies that present multiple reduction modes to participants will provide a better understanding of the process of cognitive discomfort reduction.
Journal ArticleDOI
Error Processing and Inhibitory Control in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Meta-analysis Using Statistical Parametric Maps.
Luke Norman,Stephan F. Taylor,Yanni Liu,Joaquim Radua,Yann Chye,Stella J. De Wit,Chaim Huyser,F. Isik Karahanoglu,Tracy Luks,Dara S. Manoach,Carol A. Mathews,Katya Rubia,Chao Suo,Odile A. van den Heuvel,Murat Yücel,Kate D. Fitzgerald +15 more
TL;DR: A hyperactive error processing mechanism in conjunction with impairments in implementing inhibitory control may underlie deficits in stopping unwanted compulsive behaviors in the disorder.
Journal ArticleDOI
The failing measurement of attitudes: How semantic determinants of individual survey responses come to replace measures of attitude strength
TL;DR: This work developed a procedure to separate the semantic influence from attitude strength in individual response patterns, and compared these results to the observed sample correlation matrices and the semantic similarity structures arising from text analysis algorithms.
Journal ArticleDOI
Respectable Challenges to Respectable Theory: Cognitive Dissonance Theory Requires Conceptualization Clarification and Operational Tools.
David Vaidis,Alexandre Bran +1 more
TL;DR: This work considers that Cognitive Dissonance Theory presents serious flaws concerning its methodology which question the relevance of the theory, limit breakthroughs, and hinder the evaluation of its core hypotheses and advocates a stronger focus on the nature and consequences of the cognitive dissonance state itself.
Journal ArticleDOI
Triadic balance in the brain: Seeking brain evidence for Heider’s structural balance theory
TL;DR: Novel brain evidence is provided in support of Heider’s original account for the psychological and biological foundations of structural balance theory in the formation of social networks by showing that individuals’ psychological states are different when they are situated in unbalanced rather than balanced triads.
References
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Book
A Theory of Cognitive Dissonance
TL;DR: Cognitive dissonance theory links actions and attitudes as discussed by the authors, which holds that dissonance is experienced whenever one cognition that a person holds follows from the opposite of at least one other cognition that the person holds.
Book
The psychology of interpersonal relations
TL;DR: The psychology of interpersonal relations as mentioned in this paper, The psychology in interpersonal relations, The Psychology of interpersonal relationships, کتابخانه دیجیتال و فن اطلاعات دانشگاه امام صادق(ع)
Journal ArticleDOI
AFNI: software for analysis and visualization of functional magnetic resonance neuroimages
TL;DR: A package of computer programs for analysis and visualization of three-dimensional human brain functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI) results is described and techniques for automatically generating transformed functional data sets from manually labeled anatomical data sets are described.
Journal ArticleDOI
The precuneus: a review of its functional anatomy and behavioural correlates.
TL;DR: A useful conceptual framework is provided for matching the functional imaging findings with the specific role(s) played by this structure in the higher-order cognitive functions in which it has been implicated, and activation patterns appear to converge with anatomical and connectivity data in providing preliminary evidence for a functional subdivision within the precuneus.
Journal ArticleDOI
A new SPM toolbox for combining probabilistic cytoarchitectonic maps and functional imaging data
Simon B. Eickhoff,Klaas E. Stephan,Hartmut Mohlberg,Christian Grefkes,Gereon R. Fink,Katrin Amunts,Karl Zilles +6 more
TL;DR: A new, MATLAB based toolbox for the SPM2 software package is introduced which enables the integration of probabilistic cytoarchitectonic maps and results of functional imaging studies and an easy-to-use tool for the integrated analysis of functional and anatomical data in a common reference space.