Comparison of community- and health care-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection.
Timothy S. Naimi,Kathleen H. LeDell,Kathryn Como-Sabetti,Stephanie M. Borchardt,David Boxrud,Jerome Etienne,Susan K. Johnson,François Vandenesch,Scott K. Fridkin,Carol O'Boyle,Richard Danila,Ruth Lynfield +11 more
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TLDR
It is suggested that most community-associated MRSA strains did not originate in health care settings, and that their microbiological features may have contributed to their emergence in the community.Abstract:
Context Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has traditionally been considered a health care–associated pathogen in patients with established risk factors. However, MRSA has emerged in patients without established risk factors (community-associated MRSA). Objective To characterize epidemiological and microbiological characteristics of community-associated MRSA cases compared with health care–associated MRSA cases. Design, Setting, and Patients Prospective cohort study of patients with MRSA infection identified at 12 Minnesota laboratory facilities from January 1 through December 31, 2000, comparing community-associated (median age, 23 years) with health care–associated (median age, 68 years) MRSA cases. Main Outcome Measures Clinical infections associated with either communityassociated or health care–associated MRSA, microbiological characteristics of the MRSA isolates including susceptibility testing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and staphylococcal exotoxin gene testing. Results Of 1100 MRSA infections, 131 (12%) were community-associated and 937 (85%) were health care–associated; 32 (3%) could not be classified due to lack of information. Skin and soft tissue infections were more common among communityassociated cases (75%) than among health care–associated cases (37%) (odds ratio [OR], 4.25; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.97-5.90). Although communityassociated MRSA isolates were more likely to be susceptible to 4 antimicrobial classes (adjusted OR, 2.44; 95% CI, 1.35-3.86), most community-associated infections were initially treated with antimicrobials to which the isolate was nonsusceptible. Communityassociated isolates were also more likely to belong to 1 of 2 pulsed-field gel electrophoresis clonal groups in both univariate and multivariate analysis. Communityassociated isolates typically possessed different exotoxin gene profiles (eg, Panton Valentine leukocidin genes) compared with health care–associated isolates. Conclusions Community-associated and health care–associated MRSA cases differ demographically and clinically, and their respective isolates are microbiologically distinct. This suggests that most community-associated MRSA strains did not originate in health care settings, and that their microbiological features may have contributed to their emergence in the community. Clinicians should be aware that therapy with -lactam antimicrobials can no longer be relied on as the sole empiric therapy for severely ill outpatients whose infections may be staphylococcal in origin.read more
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Emergence of the USA300 strain of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a burn-trauma unit.
Lucy Wibbenmeyer,Gerald P. Kealey,Barbara Latenser,Daniel J. Diekema,Ingrid Williams,Stacy L. Coffman,Patricia L. Winokur,Patricia L. Winokur,J. Kroeger,R. W. Lewis,Loreen A. Herwaldt,Loreen A. Herwaldt,Loreen A. Herwaldt +12 more
TL;DR: This is the first study to describe numerous simultaneous MRSA abscesses in burn patients, and the MRSA strain USA300 may be introduced onto burn units from the community by patients admitted with skin and soft tissue infections, especially abscesss and necrotizing fasciitis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Staphylococcus xylosus Infection in Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) As a Primary Pathogenic Cause of Eye Protrusion and Mortality
Woo Taek Oh,Jin Woo Jun,Sib Sankar Giri,Saekil Yun,Hyoun Joong Kim,Sang Guen Kim,Sang Wha Kim,Se Jin Han,Jun Kwon,Se Chang Park +9 more
TL;DR: This study presents the first description of Staphylococcus xylosus infection and its pathogenicity in rainbow trout, which resulted in fish mortality and economic losses in trout fisheries.
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Panton–Valentine leukocidin-positive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections in children with cancer†‡
Ashok Srinivasan,Steven E. Seifried,Liang Zhu,Deo Kumar Srivastava,Patricia M. Flynn,Patricia M. Flynn,Jerry L. Shenep,Jerry L. Shenep,Matthew J. Bankowski,Randall T. Hayden +9 more
TL;DR: New strains of methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) which frequently carry the Panton–Valentine leukocidin (PVL) genes have been recognized to cause invasive infections in otherwise healthy children and adults.
Journal ArticleDOI
Structural and Microbiological Characterization of 5-Hydroxy-3,7,4'-Trimethoxyflavone: A Flavonoid Isolated from Vitex gardneriana Schauer Leaves.
Iasminy Macedo,João H. da Silva,Priscila Teixeira da Silva,B.G. Cruz,Jean Parcelli Costa do Vale,Hélcio Silva dos Santos,Paulo Nogueira Bandeira,Elnatan Bezerra de Souza,Maria Regivânia Xavier,Henrique Douglas Melo Coutinho,Raimundo Braz-Filho,Alexandre Magno Rodrigues Teixeira +11 more
TL;DR: 5-Hydroxy-3,7,4'-trimethoxyflavone isolated from V. gardneriana showed promising antimicrobial activity against MDR bacterial strains S. aureus 358 and E. coli 27 when associated with the antibiotics norfloxacin and gentamicin, suggesting this natural product can contribute to the control of bacterial resistance.
Journal ArticleDOI
Genotypically Different Clones of Staphylococcus aureus Are Diverse in the Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns and Biofilm Formations
Salman Sahab Atshan,Mariana Nor Shamsudin,Leslie Than Thian Lung,Zamberi Sekawi,Chong Pei Pei,Arunkumar Karunanidhi,Jayakayatri Jeevajothi Nathan,Alreshidi Mateg Ali,Ehsanollah Ghaznavi-Rad,Salwa A. Abduljaleel,Rukman Awang Hamat +10 more
TL;DR: The study found that similar and different spa, MLST, and SCCmec types displayed high variation in their susceptibilities to antibiotics with tigecycline and daptomycin being the most effective.
References
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