Journal ArticleDOI
Control of gap-junctional communication in astrocytic networks
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TLDR
Astrocytes, which constitute the most abundant cell type in mammalian brain, are extensively coupled to one another through gap junctions composed mainly of connexin43, indicating that astrocytic networks might be subject to remodeling and to some plasticity.About:
This article is published in Trends in Neurosciences.The article was published on 1996-08-01. It has received 378 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Connexin & Neuroglia.read more
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Reactive astrocytes: cellular and molecular cues to biological function
TL;DR: Reactive astrocytes should be considered a key element, like neurons, of a dynamic environment, thus forming with neurons a functional unit involved in homeostasis, plasticity and neurotransmission.
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Glia and pain: Is chronic pain a gliopathy?
Ru-Rong Ji,Temugin Berta +1 more
TL;DR: Chronic pain could be a result of "gliopathy," that is, dysregulation of glial functions in the central and peripheral nervous system, and an update on recent advances is provided and remaining questions are discussed.
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Astrocytes and brain injury.
Yongmei Chen,Raymond A. Swanson +1 more
TL;DR: Astrocytes are the most numerous cell type in the central nervous system and provide structural, trophic, and metabolic support to neurons and modulate synaptic activity, and their death or survival may affect the ultimate clinical outcome and rehabilitation.
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The tripartite synapse: roles for gliotransmission in health and disease
TL;DR: In this article, targeted molecular genetic approaches that have demonstrated that alterations in protein expression in astrocytes can lead to serious changes in neuronal function were discussed, and the concept of "astrocyte activation spectrum" was introduced, in which enhanced and reduced gliotransmission might contribute to epilepsy and schizophrenia.
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Astroglial metabolic networks sustain hippocampal synaptic transmission.
Nathalie Rouach,Annette Koulakoff,Veronica Abudara,Veronica Abudara,Klaus Willecke,Christian Giaume +5 more
TL;DR: It is shown that the gap-junction subunit proteins connexin 43 and 30 allow intercellular trafficking of glucose and its metabolites through astroglial networks for the delivery of energetic metabolites from blood vessels to distal neurons.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The structure of the nervous system of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans
TL;DR: The structure and connectivity of the nervous system of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has been deduced from reconstructions of electron micrographs of serial sections as discussed by the authors.
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Glutamate induces calcium waves in cultured astrocytes: long-range glial signaling
TL;DR: It is reported that cultured hippocampal astrocytes can respond to glutamate with a prompt and oscillatory elevation of cytoplasmic free calcium, visible through use of the fluorescent calcium indicator fluo-3.
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Cardiac malformation in neonatal mice lacking connexin43
Andrew G. Reaume,P.A. De Sousa,P.A. De Sousa,S. Kulkarni,B. L. Langille,Daguang Zhu,Tyler C. Davies,Subhash C. Juneja,Gerald M. Kidder,Janet Rossant,Janet Rossant +10 more
TL;DR: Targeted mutagenesis of connexin43 (Cx43) showed that its absence was compatible with survival of mouse embryos to term, even though mutant cell lines showed reduced dye coupling in vitro, which suggests that Cx43 plays an essential role in heart development but that there is functional compensation among connexins in other parts of the developing fetus.
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Metabolic coupling between glia and neurons
TL;DR: The aim of this review was to establish a chronology of events leading to and following the publication of the LNDC-REVIEW in 1996.
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Direct signaling from astrocytes to neurons in cultures of mammalian brain cells
TL;DR: Astrocytes are shown to directly modulate the free cytosolic calcium, and hence transmission characteristics, of neighboring neurons, which suggests that the astrocytic-neuronal signaling is mediated through intercellular connections rather than synaptically.