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Crop evapotranspiration : guidelines for computing crop water requirements
Richard G. Allen,Luis S. Pereira,Dirk Raes,Martin Smith +3 more
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In this paper, an updated procedure for calculating reference and crop evapotranspiration from meteorological data and crop coefficients is presented, based on the FAO Penman-Monteith method.Abstract:
(First edition: 1998, this reprint: 2004). This publication presents an updated procedure for calculating reference and crop evapotranspiration from meteorological data and crop coefficients. The procedure, first presented in FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper No. 24, Crop water requirements, in 1977, allows estimation of the amount of water used by a crop, taking into account the effect of the climate and the crop characteristics. The publication incorporates advances in research and more accurate procedures for determining crop water use as recommended by a panel of high-level experts organised by FAO in May 1990. The first part of the guidelines includes procedures for determining reference crop evapotranspiration according to the FAO Penman-Monteith method. These are followed by updated procedures for estimating the evapotranspiration of different crops for different growth stages and ecological conditions.read more
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WEAP21 -a demand-, priority-, and preference-driven water planning model Part 2 : Aiding freshwater ecosystem service evaluation
TL;DR: The Water Evaluation and Planning model version 21 (WEAP21) is a comprehensive integrated water resource management (IWRM) model that can aid in the evaluation of ecosystem services by integrating natural watershed processes with socioeconomic elements that include the infrastructure and institutions that govern the allocation of available freshwater supplies.
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Some like it hot: the influence and implications of climate change on coffee berry borer (Hypothenemus hampei) and coffee production in East Africa.
Juliana Jaramillo,Juliana Jaramillo,Eric Muchugu,Fernando E. Vega,Aaron P. Davis,Christian Borgemeister,Adenirin Chabi-Olaye +6 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that the best way to adapt to a rise of temperatures in coffee plantations could be via the introduction of shade trees in sun grown plantations as well as through the development of an adaptation strategy package for climate change on coffee production.
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Do geographic distribution, niche property and life form explain plants' vulnerability to global change?
Olivier Broennimann,Wilfried Thuiller,Greg Hughes,Guy F. Midgley,J. M. Robert. Alkemade,Antoine Guisan +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors modeled the future distribution in 2050 of 975 endemic plant species in southern Africa distributed among seven life forms, including new methodological insights improving the accuracy and ecological realism of predictions of global changes studies by using only endemic species as a way to capture the full realized niche of species, considering the direct impact of human pressure on landscape and biodiversity jointly with climate, and taking species' migration into account.
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Global Gray Water Footprint and Water Pollution Levels Related to Anthropogenic Nitrogen Loads to Fresh Water
TL;DR: This is the first global assessment of nitrogen-related water pollution in river basins with a specification of the pollution by economic sector, and by crop for the agricultural sector, with a spatial resolution of 5 by 5 arc minute.
Journal ArticleDOI
Trend Analysis in Reference Evapotranspiration Using Mann-Kendall and Spearman’s Rho Tests in Arid Regions of Iran
TL;DR: In this paper, the temporal trends of reference evapotranspiration (ET0) values were investigated in arid regions of Iran, and statistically significant ET0 trends in the monthly, seasonal and annual time basis were detected using nonparametric Mann-Kendall (MK) and Spearman's Rho (SR) tests at the 5% significant level.
References
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Natural evaporation from open water, bare soil and grass
TL;DR: It is shown that a satisfactory account can be given of open water evaporation at four widely spaced sites in America and Europe, the results for bare soil receive a reasonable check in India, and application of theresults for turf shows good agreement with estimates of evapolation from catchment areas in the British Isles.
Journal ArticleDOI
On the Assessment of Surface Heat Flux and Evaporation Using Large-Scale Parameters
C. H. B. Priestley,R. J. Taylor +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the large-scale parameterization of the surface fluxes of sensible and latent heat is properly expressed in terms of energetic considerations over land while formulas of the bulk aerodynamic type are most suitahle over the sea.
Book
Water quality for agriculture
R. S. Ayers,D. W. Westcot +1 more
TL;DR: Water quality for agriculture, water quality in agriculture for agriculture as mentioned in this paper, water quality of agriculture, Water quality of water for agriculture in agriculture, مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اسلاز رسانی
Journal ArticleDOI
The Interpretation of the Variations in Leaf Water Potential and Stomatal Conductance Found in Canopies in the Field
TL;DR: In this paper, the stomatal conductance of illuminated leaves is a function of current levels of temperature, vapour pressure deficit, leaf water potential (really turgor pressure) and ambient CO $_2$ concentration and when plotted against any one of these variables a scatter diagram results.
Book ChapterDOI
Yield response to water
TL;DR: In this paper, a methodology to quantify yield response to water through aggregate components which form the "handles" to assess crop yields under both adequate and limited water supply is presented, which takes into account maximum and actual crop yields as influenced by water deficits using yield response functions relating relative yield decrease and evapotranspiration deficits.
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