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Crop evapotranspiration : guidelines for computing crop water requirements
Richard G. Allen,Luis S. Pereira,Dirk Raes,Martin Smith +3 more
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In this paper, an updated procedure for calculating reference and crop evapotranspiration from meteorological data and crop coefficients is presented, based on the FAO Penman-Monteith method.Abstract:
(First edition: 1998, this reprint: 2004). This publication presents an updated procedure for calculating reference and crop evapotranspiration from meteorological data and crop coefficients. The procedure, first presented in FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper No. 24, Crop water requirements, in 1977, allows estimation of the amount of water used by a crop, taking into account the effect of the climate and the crop characteristics. The publication incorporates advances in research and more accurate procedures for determining crop water use as recommended by a panel of high-level experts organised by FAO in May 1990. The first part of the guidelines includes procedures for determining reference crop evapotranspiration according to the FAO Penman-Monteith method. These are followed by updated procedures for estimating the evapotranspiration of different crops for different growth stages and ecological conditions.read more
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Updated high‐resolution grids of monthly climatic observations – the CRU TS3.10 Dataset
TL;DR: In this paper, an updated gridded climate dataset (referred to as CRU TS3.10) from monthly observations at meteorological stations across the world's land areas is presented.
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A Multiscalar Drought Index Sensitive to Global Warming: The Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index
TL;DR: In this article, a new climatic drought index, the standardized precipitation evapotranspiration index (SPEI), is proposed, which combines multiscalar character with the capacity to include the effects of temperature variability on drought assessment.
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The DSSAT cropping system model
James W. Jones,Gerrit Hoogenboom,Cheryl H. Porter,Kenneth J. Boote,William D. Batchelor,L. A. Hunt,Paul W. Wilkens,Upendra Singh,Arjan J. Gijsman,Joe T. Ritchie +9 more
TL;DR: The benefits of the new, re-designed DSSAT-CSM will provide considerable opportunities to its developers and others in the scientific community for greater cooperation in interdisciplinary research and in the application of knowledge to solve problems at field, farm, and higher levels.
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The use of ‘altitude’ in ecological research
TL;DR: There are two categories of environmental changes with altitude: those physically tied to meters above sea level, such as atmospheric pressure, temperature and clear-sky turbidity; and those that are not generally altitude specific, suchAs moisture, hours of sunshine, wind, season length, geology and even human land use.
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Improved allometric models to estimate the aboveground biomass of tropical trees
Jérôme Chave,Maxime Réjou-Méchain,Alberto Búrquez,E. N. Chidumayo,Matthew S. Colgan,Welington Braz Carvalho Delitti,Alvaro Duque,Tron Eid,Philip M. Fearnside,Rosa C. Goodman,Matieu Henry,Angelina Martínez-Yrízar,Wilson A. Mugasha,Helene C. Muller-Landau,Maurizio Mencuccini,Bruce Walker Nelson,Alfred Ngomanda,Euler Melo Nogueira,Edgar Ortiz-Malavassi,Raphaël Pélissier,Pierre Ploton,Casey M. Ryan,Juan Saldarriaga,Ghislain Vieilledent +23 more
TL;DR: This work analyzed a global database of directly harvested trees at 58 sites, spanning a wide range of climatic conditions and vegetation types, and found a pantropical model incorporating wood density, trunk diameter, and the variable E outperformed previously published models without height.
References
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A Penman for All Seasons
TL;DR: In this article, ten forms of the Penman combination evapotranspiration equation are reviewed and compared with lysimeter estimates at three locations, including three locations in the US.
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Comparison of aerodynamic and energy budget estimates of fluxes over a pine forest
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that profile gradients fall consistently short of independent energy-balance estimates by a factor of 2 to 3 in unstable and near-neutral conditions (Richardson number, Ri, in the range −0·4 to +0·01), whereas for Ri > + 0·02 no similar discrepancy is detected.
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Potential evapotranspiration estimates by the approximate energy balance method of Penman
C. B. Tanner,W. L. Pelton +1 more
TL;DR: The energy balance approximation of Penman, used to estimate potential evapotranspiration, was tested for daily estimates on 37 days during 1956 and 1957 as mentioned in this paper, and the absolute values of the Penman estimates were much too small.
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Transport of Gases To and From Grass and Grass-Like Surfaces
TL;DR: In this article, a radioactive vapour of thorium-B (lead-212) has been used to measure the vertical flux of a gas to grass and similar surfaces in a wind tunnel, as a function of the difference in vapour concentration between the air and the surface.
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Estimation of soil heat flux from net radiation during the growth of alfalfa
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used spectral vegetation indices to estimate soil heat flux from net radiation measurements and found that the spectral vegetation index was well-fitted by a linearly decreasing function of a near-IR to Red ratio over two regrowth cycles.
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