Decidual and peripheral blood CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells in early pregnancy subjects and spontaneous abortion cases.
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TLDR
It is shown that early human pregnancy decidua contains an abundance of CD4(+)CD25(bright) T cells, which express CD152(CTLA-4) at a high level, and these cells mediate potent inhibition of autologous T-cell proliferation by anti-CD3 stimulation and contribute to the mechanisms mediating maternal immune tolerance of conceptus antigens.Abstract:
Human pregnancy represents a situation of semiallograft to maternal host. Therefore, it has been reported that tolerance to the fetal allograft represents a mechanism for maintaining a pregnancy. CD4 + CD25 bright regulatory T cells are known to play an important role in the development and maintenance of tolerance in peripheral tissues. However, the potential role of CD4 + CD25 bright T cells in maintaining human pregnancy has not been reported. In this study, we show that early human pregnancy decidua contains an abundance of CD4 + CD25 bright T cells, which express CD152(CTLA-4) at a high level. CD4 + CD25 bright T cells mediate potent inhibition of autologous T-cell proliferation by anti-CD3 stimulation. Furthermore, these cells inhibit the proliferation of autologous CD4 + CD25 - T cells in a dose-dependent fashion. This suppressive function of decidual CD4 + CD25 + T cells required cell-to-cell contact. The proportion of decidual CD4 + CD25 bright T cells was significantly lower in specimens from spontaneous abortion compared to those from specimens from induced abortions. These results suggest that decidual CD4 + CD25 bright T cells contribute to the mechanisms mediating maternal immune tolerance of conceptus antigens and therefore might contribute to the maintenance of pregnancy.read more
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Th1/Th2/Th17 and Regulatory T-Cell Paradigm in Pregnancy
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reviewed the immunological environment in normal pregnancy and complicated pregnancy from the viewpoint of the new Th1/Th2/Th17 and Treg paradigms.
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Immunology of placentation in eutherian mammals.
Ashley Moffett,Charlie Loke +1 more
TL;DR: The traditional way to study the immunology of pregnancy follows the classical transplantation model, which views the fetus as an allograft, but a more recent approach focuses on the unique, local uterine immune response to the implanting placenta.
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Immunology of the Maternal-Fetal Interface
TL;DR: How key immune cell types are either enriched or excluded from the decidua, how their function is regulated within the decodua, and how they variously contribute to pregnancy success or failure are discussed.
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The unique immunological and microbial aspects of pregnancy
TL;DR: Recent evidence that supports the idea that immunological responses at the receptive maternal–fetal interface are not simply suppressed but are instead highly dynamic is discussed.
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Mother's little helpers: mechanisms of maternal-fetal tolerance
John Trowsdale,Alexander G. Betz +1 more
TL;DR: During pregnancy, the semi-allogeneic fetus is protected from assault by the maternal immune system over an extended period of time, and the mother's immune system seems to recognize the fetus as 'temporary self'.
References
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Immunologic self-tolerance maintained by activated T cells expressing IL-2 receptor alpha-chains (CD25). Breakdown of a single mechanism of self-tolerance causes various autoimmune diseases.
TL;DR: The authors showed that CD4+CD25+ cells contribute to maintaining self-tolerance by downregulating immune response to self and non-self Ags in an Ag-nonspecific manner, presumably at the T cell activation stage.
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Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 plays an essential role in the function of CD25(+)CD4(+) regulatory cells that control intestinal inflammation.
TL;DR: It is reported that the Treg cells that control intestinal inflammation express the same phenotype (CD25+CD45RBlowCD4+) as those that control autoimmunity, suggesting that Treg cell function contributes to the immune suppression characteristic of CTLA-4 signaling.
Journal ArticleDOI
Immunologic Self-Tolerance Maintained by Cd25+Cd4+Regulatory T Cells Constitutively Expressing Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte–Associated Antigen 4
Takeshi Takahashi,Tomoyuki Tagami,Sayuri Yamazaki,Toshimitsu Uede,Jun Shimizu,Noriko Sakaguchi,Tak W. Mak,Shimon Sakaguchi +7 more
TL;DR: Interference with this role of CTLA-4 suffices to elicit autoimmune disease in otherwise normal animals, presumably through affecting CD25+CD4+ T cell–mediated control of self-reactive T cells.
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CD4+CD25high Regulatory Cells in Human Peripheral Blood
TL;DR: Regulatory CD4 T cells expressing high levels of the IL-2 receptor are present in humans, providing the opportunity to determine whether alterations of these populations of T cells are involved in the induction of human autoimmune disorders.
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Identification and functional characterization of human CD4(+)CD25(+) T cells with regulatory properties isolated from peripheral blood
TL;DR: The data demonstrate that human blood contains a resident T cell population with potent regulatory properties and the refractory state of CD4+CD25+ T cells was partially reversible by the addition of IL-2 or IL-4.