Differential effect of purified spruce chitinases and beta-1,3-glucanases on the activity of elicitors from ectomycorrhizal fungi.
TLDR
It is suggested that apoplastic chitinases in the root cortex destroy elicitors from the ectomycorrhizal fungi without damaging the fungus.Abstract:
Two chitinases (EC 3.2.1.14) and two [beta]-1,3-glucanases (EC 3.2.1.39) were purified from the culture medium of spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst.) cells to study their role in modifying elicitors, cell walls, growth, and hyphal morphology of ectomycorrhizal fungi. The 36-kD class I chitinase (isoelectric point [pl] 8.0) and the 28-kD chitinase (pl 8.7) decreased the activity of elicitor preparations from Hebeloma crustuliniforme (Bull. ex Fries.) Quel., Amanita muscaria (L.) Pers., and Suillus variegatus (Sw.: Fr.) O.K., as demonstrated by using the elicitor-induced extracellular alkalinization in spruce cells as a test system. In addition, chitinases released monomeric products from the walls of these ectomycorrhizal fungi. The [beta]-1,3-glucanases (35 kD, pl 3.7 and 3.9), in contrast, had little influence on the activity of the fungal elicitors and released only from walls of A. muscaria some polymeric products. Furthermore, chitinases alone and in combination with [beta]-1,3-glucanases had no effect on the growth and morphology of the hyphae. Thus, it is suggested that apoplastic chitinases in the root cortex destroy elicitors from the ectomycorrhizal fungi without damaging the fungus. By this mechanism the host plant could attenuate the elicitor signal and adjust its own defense reactions to a level allowing symbiotic interaction.read more
Citations
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Signaling in the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis
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Molecular and cellular aspects of the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis
TL;DR: Development of this highly compatible association requires the coordinate molecular and cellular differentiation of both symbionts to form specialized interfaces over which bi-directional nutrient transfer occurs.
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Control of postharvest decay of apple fruit by Aureobasidium pullulans and induction of defense responses
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The molecular biology of chitin digestion.
Rachel Cohen-Kupiec,Ilan Chet +1 more
TL;DR: Chitinases catalyze the hydrolysis of chitin, an unbranched polymer of beta-1,4-N-acetylglucosamine, which plays an important physiological and ecological role in ecosystems as recyclers of chite, by generating carbon and nitrogen sources.
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Differential expression of eight chitinase genes in Medicago truncatula roots during mycorrhiza formation, nodulation, and pathogen infection.
Peter Salzer,Athos Bonanomi,Katinka Beyer,Regina Vögeli-Lange,Roger A. Aeschbacher,Jürg Lange,Andres Wiemken,Dong-Jin Kim,Douglas R. Cook,Thomas Boller +9 more
TL;DR: The expression of two mycorrhiza-specific class III chitinase genes can be considered a hallmark for the establishment of arbuscular mycor Rhizobium meliloti in Medicago truncatula.
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