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Economic Growth in a Cross Section of Countries

Robert J. Barro
- 01 May 1991 - 
- Vol. 106, Iss: 2, pp 407-443
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TLDR
For 98 countries in the period 1960-1985, the growth rate of real per capita GDP is positively related to initial human capital (proxied by 1960 school-enrollment rates) and negatively related to the initial (1960) level as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract
For 98 countries in the period 1960–1985, the growth rate of real per capita GDP is positively related to initial human capital (proxied by 1960 school-enrollment rates) and negatively related to the initial (1960) level of real per capita GDP. Countries with higher human capital also have lower fertility rates and higher ratios of physical investment to GDP. Growth is inversely related to the share of government consumption in GDP, but insignificantly related to the share of public investment. Growth rates are positively related to measures of political stability and inversely related to a proxy for market distortions.

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Journal ArticleDOI

Financial Openness and Growth: Short‐run Gain, Long‐run Pain?*

TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that a key reason for the elusive evidence is the presence of a time-varying relationship between openness and growth: countries tend to gain in the short term, immediately following capital account liberalization, but may not grow faster or even experience temporary growth reversals in the medium to long term.
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Social Fractionalization, Political Instability, and the Size of Government

TL;DR: The authors explored the relationship between the degree of division or fractionalization of a country's population (along ethnolinguistic and religious dimensions) and both political instability and government consumption, using a neoclassical growth model.
Journal ArticleDOI

Could Financial Distortions be no Impediment to Economic Gowth After All? Evidence from China

TL;DR: This paper examined the relationship between finance and real GDP, capital, and total factor productivity growth in 30 Chinese provinces over the period 1989-2003, and found that traditionally used indicators of financial development and China-specific indicators measuring the level of state interventionism in finance are generally negatively associated with growth and its sources, while indicators measured the degree of market driven financing in the economy are positively associated with them.
Posted Content

Does Schooling Cause Growth or the Other Way Around

TL;DR: Barro et al. as mentioned in this paper found that schooling can influence growth, but also faster technology-driven growth can induce more schooling by raising the effective rate of return on investment in schooling.
Book

Marginal income tax rates and economic growth in developing countries

TL;DR: Easterly and Rebelo as mentioned in this paper proposed a method for computing average marginal income tax rates that combines information on statutory rates with the amount of tax revenue collected and with data on income distribution, relying heavily on the assumption that the marginal tax schedule has a logistic form.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

A Heteroskedasticity-Consistent Covariance Matrix Estimator and a Direct Test for Heteroskedasticity

Halbert White
- 01 May 1980 - 
TL;DR: In this article, a parameter covariance matrix estimator which is consistent even when the disturbances of a linear regression model are heteroskedastic is presented, which does not depend on a formal model of the structure of the heteroSkewedness.
Journal ArticleDOI

A Contribution to the Theory of Economic Growth

TL;DR: In this paper, a model of long run growth is proposed and examples of possible growth patterns are given. But the model does not consider the long run of the economy and does not take into account the characteristics of interest and wage rates.
Book ChapterDOI

Investment in humans, technological diffusion and economic growth

TL;DR: Most economic theorists have embraced the principle that education enhances one's ability to receive, decode, and understand information, and that information processing and interpretation is important for performing or learning to perform many jobs as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI

The Purchasing-Power Parity Doctrine: A Reappraisal

TL;DR: The purchasing power parity (HIE) doctrine has had its ebbs and flows I over the years as mentioned in this paper and it has also had its critics, among others Taussig after World War J4 and Haberler after WWIJ,5 but it has managed to survive nevertheless.
Posted Content

Long Run Policy Analysis and Long Run Growth

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe a class of models in which this type of heterogeneity in growth experiences can arise as a result of cross-country differences in government policy, which can also create incentives for labor migration from slow growing to fast growing countries.