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Economic Growth in a Cross Section of Countries

Robert J. Barro
- 01 May 1991 - 
- Vol. 106, Iss: 2, pp 407-443
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TLDR
For 98 countries in the period 1960-1985, the growth rate of real per capita GDP is positively related to initial human capital (proxied by 1960 school-enrollment rates) and negatively related to the initial (1960) level as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract
For 98 countries in the period 1960–1985, the growth rate of real per capita GDP is positively related to initial human capital (proxied by 1960 school-enrollment rates) and negatively related to the initial (1960) level of real per capita GDP. Countries with higher human capital also have lower fertility rates and higher ratios of physical investment to GDP. Growth is inversely related to the share of government consumption in GDP, but insignificantly related to the share of public investment. Growth rates are positively related to measures of political stability and inversely related to a proxy for market distortions.

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How much do distortions affect growth

TL;DR: The authors presented a simple endogenous growth model with two types of capital which can display sizeable long-run growth effects of distortionary policies, such as differential taxes and tariffs, black market exchange rates, and price controls.
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Saving and Growth: A Reinterpretation

TL;DR: This article examined the relationship between income growth and saving using both cross-country and household data, and found that households with higher income growth save more than households with low growth, and argued that standard permanent income models of consumption cannot explain these findings but a model of consumption with habit formation may.
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Institutional Development, Financial Deepening and Economic Growth: Evidence from China

TL;DR: Li et al. as discussed by the authors used panel data for the Chinese provinces to study the role of legal institutions, financial deepening and political pluralism on growth rates and found that the development of financial markets, legal environment, awareness of property rights and political plurality are associated with stronger growth.
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Econometrics for grumblers: a new look at the literature on cross-country growth empirics

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present two general empirical frameworks for cross-country productivity analysis and demonstrate that they encompass the approaches in the growth empirics literature of the past two decades.
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Why are Latin America's savings rates so low? An international comparative analysis

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a theoretical and empirical assessment of the determinants of savings rates with special emphasis on Latin American savings rates, based on international comparisons, using data from 36 countries for 1970-1992.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

A Heteroskedasticity-Consistent Covariance Matrix Estimator and a Direct Test for Heteroskedasticity

Halbert White
- 01 May 1980 - 
TL;DR: In this article, a parameter covariance matrix estimator which is consistent even when the disturbances of a linear regression model are heteroskedastic is presented, which does not depend on a formal model of the structure of the heteroSkewedness.
Journal ArticleDOI

A Contribution to the Theory of Economic Growth

TL;DR: In this paper, a model of long run growth is proposed and examples of possible growth patterns are given. But the model does not consider the long run of the economy and does not take into account the characteristics of interest and wage rates.
Book ChapterDOI

Investment in humans, technological diffusion and economic growth

TL;DR: Most economic theorists have embraced the principle that education enhances one's ability to receive, decode, and understand information, and that information processing and interpretation is important for performing or learning to perform many jobs as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI

The Purchasing-Power Parity Doctrine: A Reappraisal

TL;DR: The purchasing power parity (HIE) doctrine has had its ebbs and flows I over the years as mentioned in this paper and it has also had its critics, among others Taussig after World War J4 and Haberler after WWIJ,5 but it has managed to survive nevertheless.
Posted Content

Long Run Policy Analysis and Long Run Growth

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe a class of models in which this type of heterogeneity in growth experiences can arise as a result of cross-country differences in government policy, which can also create incentives for labor migration from slow growing to fast growing countries.