Effects of aerobic exercise on mild cognitive impairment: a controlled trial.
Laura D. Baker,Laura L. Frank,Karen E. Foster-Schubert,Pattie S. Green,Charles W. Wilkinson,Anne McTiernan,Stephen R. Plymate,Mark A. Fishel,G. Stennis Watson,Brenna Cholerton,Glen E. Duncan,Pankaj D. Mehta,Suzanne Craft +12 more
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TLDR
Six months of high-intensity aerobic exercise had sex-specific effects on cognition, glucose metabolism, and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and trophic activity despite comparable gains in cardiorespiratory fitness and body fat reduction.Abstract:
Objectives To examine the effects of aerobic exercise on cognition and other biomarkers associated with Alzheimer disease pathology for older adults with mild cognitive impairment, and assess the role of sex as a predictor of response. Design Six-month, randomized, controlled, clinical trial. Setting Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System clinical research unit. Participants Thirty-three adults (17 women) with amnestic mild cognitive impairment ranging in age from 55 to 85 years (mean age, 70 years). Intervention Participants were randomized either to a high-intensity aerobic exercise or stretching control group. The aerobic group exercised under the supervision of a fitness trainer at 75% to 85% of heart rate reserve for 45 to 60 min/d, 4 d/wk for 6 months. The control group carried out supervised stretching activities according to the same schedule but maintained their heart rate at or below 50% of their heart rate reserve. Before and after the study, glucometabolic and treadmill tests were performed and fat distribution was assessed using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. At baseline, month 3, and month 6, blood was collected for assay and cognitive tests were administered. Main Outcome Measures Performance measures on Symbol-Digit Modalities, Verbal Fluency, Stroop, Trails B, Task Switching, Story Recall, and List Learning. Fasting plasma levels of insulin, cortisol, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, insulinlike growth factor-I, and β-amyloids 40 and 42. Results Six months of high-intensity aerobic exercise had sex-specific effects on cognition, glucose metabolism, and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and trophic activity despite comparable gains in cardiorespiratory fitness and body fat reduction. For women, aerobic exercise improved performance on multiple tests of executive function, increased glucose disposal during the metabolic clamp, and reduced fasting plasma levels of insulin, cortisol, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor. For men, aerobic exercise increased plasma levels of insulinlike growth factor I and had a favorable effect only on Trails B performance. Conclusions This study provides support, using rigorous controlled methodology, for a potent nonpharmacologic intervention that improves executive control processes for older women at high risk of cognitive decline. Moreover, our results suggest that a sex bias in cognitive response may relate to sex-based differences in glucometabolic and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis responses to aerobic exercise.read more
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Physical exercise increases peripheral brain-derived neurotrophic factors in patients with cognitive impairment: A meta-analysis.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated whether physical exercise improves cognitive performance in patients with cognitive dysfunction, such as mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or Alzheimer's disease (AD), by increasing peripheral BDNF.
Journal ArticleDOI
Body Composition and Cognitive Functioning in a Sample of Active Elders.
Miriam Crespillo-Jurado,Joaquin Delgado-Giralt,Rafael E. Reigal,António Rosado,Agustín Wallace-Ruiz,Rocío Juárez-Ruiz de Mier,Verónica Morales-Sánchez,Juan P. Morillo-Baro,Antonio Hernández-Mendo +8 more
TL;DR: It appears from the results found that healthy lifestyles, including physical activity, are essential for well-being and quality of life in older people, and it would be necessary for these lifestyles to contribute to preserving their level of physical condition, because of the possible impact it would have on their health.
Journal ArticleDOI
Religious affiliation and the risk of dementia in Taiwanese elderly
Kun-Pei Lin,Yi-Chun Chou,Jen-Hau Chen,Chi-Dan Chen,Sheng-Ying Yang,Ta-Fu Chen,Yu Sun,Li-Li Wen,Ping-Keung Yip,Yi-Min Chu,Yen-Ching Chen +10 more
TL;DR: Chinese participants having Christianity affiliation showed decreased AD risk, and this protective effect was more evident in women and in participants who exercised regularly.
Journal ArticleDOI
Acute exercise increases circulating IGF-1 in Alzheimer's disease patients, but not in older adults without dementia.
Angelica Miki Stein,Angelica Miki Stein,Thays Martins Vital da Silva,Flávia Gomes de Melo Coelho,A. V. L. Rueda,Rosana Camarini,Ruth Ferreira Santos Galduroz +6 more
TL;DR: The findings suggest that AD patients and older adults respond differently to acute exercise in terms of circulating IGF-1 levels, which seems to indicate either an IGF-2 resistance or a compensatory exercise-induced to lower IGF- 1 levels in AD patients.
Journal ArticleDOI
Association among 2-min step test, functional level and diagnosis of dementia
Jéssica Plácido,José Vinícius Ferreira,Felipe Nogueira Barbará de Oliveira,Paula Sant’Anna,Renato Sobral Monteiro-Junior,Jerson Laks,Andrea Camaz Deslandes +6 more
TL;DR: Low aerobic capacity was associated with cognitive decline, and older adults at risk of functional loss on the STEP test had greater chance of being diagnosed with MCI or AD after controlling for age, sex and education.
References
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