Effects of Cadmium on Structure and Enzymatic Activity of Cu,Zn-SOD and Oxidative Status in Neural Cells
Yen Hua Huang,Chwen-Ming Shih,Chang Jen Huang,Chun Mao Lin,Chih Ming Chou,Meng Ling Tsai,Tsang Pai Liu,Jen Fu Chiu,Chien Tsu Chen +8 more
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
It is demonstrated that cadmium decreases the content of Zn2+, changes the conformation of Cu,Zn‐SOD protein to decrease its enzyme activity, and causes oxidative stress‐induced neural cell apoptosis.Abstract:
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder disease. Ten percent of the ALS patients are congenital (familial ALS), and the other 90% are sporadic ALS (SALS). It has been shown that mutations found in the Cu,Zn-SOD cause 20% of the familial ALS due to its low enzyme activity. We hypothesized that heavy metals may interfere the structure of Cu,Zn-SOD protein to suppress its activity in some of the SALS. In this study, we expressed and characterized the recombinant human Cu,Zn-SOD under various concentrations of Cu(2+), Zn(2+), and Cd(2+). By atomic absorption spectrophotometry, we demonstrated that adding of cadmium significantly increased the content of cadmium ion, but reduced its Zn(2+) content and enzyme activity of the Cu,Zn-SOD protein. The data of circular dichroism spectra demonstrated that the secondary structure of Cu,Zn-SOD/Cd is different from Cu,Zn-SOD, but close to apo-SOD. In addition to the effect of cadmium on Cu,Zn-SOD, cadmium was also shown to induce neural cell apoptosis. To further investigate the mechanism of neural cell apoptosis induced by cadmium, we used proteomics to analyze the altered protein expressions in neural cells treated with cadmium. The altered proteins include cellular structural proteins, stress-related and chaperone proteins, proteins involved in reactive oxygen species (ROS), enzyme proteins, and proteins that mediated cell death and survival signaling. Taken together, in this paper, we demonstrate that cadmium decreases the content of Zn(2+), changes the conformation of Cu,Zn-SOD protein to decrease its enzyme activity, and causes oxidative stress-induced neural cell apoptosis.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Cadmium and cellular signaling cascades: to be or not to be?
TL;DR: The aim of this review is to provide a principal understanding of the known physiological signaling cascades, which are recruited by Cd(2+), and to highlight the fact that Cd (2+) disrupts physiological signal transduction, which may result in cell death and/or stress-induced adaptation and survival as well as carcinogenesis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Roles of dioxins and heavy metals in cancer and neurological diseases using ROS-mediated mechanisms.
TL;DR: This review provides an updated revision of the oxidant effects of some environmental contaminants such as dioxins and the heavy metals cadmium, cobalt, and copper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cadmium and cellular signaling cascades: interactions between cell death and survival pathways.
Frank Thévenod,Wing-Kee Lee +1 more
TL;DR: This review critically surveys recent literature to outline major features of death and survival signaling pathways as well as their activation, interactions and cross talk in cells exposed to Cd2+.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanisms of metal toxicity in plants
TL;DR: This review initially addresses the current state of the environmental/agricultural problem, and then discusses in detail the occurrence, mechanisms and relevance of toxicity of selected trace metals (Cd, Cu, Fe, Hg, Ni, and Zn).
Journal ArticleDOI
Thiol/disulfide redox states in signaling and sensing
Young-Mi Go,Dean P. Jones +1 more
TL;DR: Advances in redox proteomics show that, in addition to functioning in protein active sites and cell signaling, cysteine residues also serve as redox sensors to integrate biologic functions, providing a framework for translation of redox systems biology concepts to practical use in understanding and treating human disease.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Involvement of the Superoxide Anion Radical in the Autoxidation of Pyrogallol and a Convenient Assay for Superoxide Dismutase
TL;DR: The autoxidation of pyrogallol was investigated in the presence of EDTA in the pH range 7.9–10.6, indicating an almost total dependence on the participation of the superoxide anion radical, O2·−, in the reaction.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mitochondria and apoptosis
Douglas R. Green,John C. Reed +1 more
TL;DR: A variety of key events in apoptosis focus on mitochondria, including the release of caspase activators (such as cytochrome c), changes in electron transport, loss of mitochondrial transmembrane potential, altered cellular oxidation-reduction, and participation of pro- and antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins.
Journal ArticleDOI
Oxidative mechanisms in the toxicity of metal ions
Sidney J. Stohs,Debasis Bagchi +1 more
TL;DR: Some mechanisms associated with the toxicities of metal ions are very similar to the effects produced by many organic xenobiotics, related to differences in solubilities, absorbability, transport, chemical reactions, and the complexes that are formed within the body.
Journal ArticleDOI
Oxidative stress, glutamate, and neurodegenerative disorders
TL;DR: Two broad mechanisms--oxidative stress and excessive activation of glutamate receptors--are converging and represent sequential as well as interacting processes that provide a final common pathway for cell vulnerability in the brain.