Journal ArticleDOI
Exploiting XPS for the identification of sulfides and polysulfides
Marzia Fantauzzi,Bernhard Elsener,Bernhard Elsener,Davide Atzei,Americo Rigoldi,Antonella Rossi +5 more
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In this paper, a curve fitting of S2p photoelectron spectra and X-ray excited S KLL Auger spectra has been performed for the identification of surface sulfide and polysulfide species.Abstract:
The identification of surface sulfide and polysulfide species based on the curve fitting of S2p photoelectron spectra and, for the first time, of X-ray excited S KLL Auger spectra has been performed. The different sulfur chemical states present on the surface (sulfide S2−, central S and terminal S in polysulfide chains) could be unambiguously assigned in the chemical state plot. Sulfur atoms in the central or terminal position, respectively, are found on a line with slope ca. −3 irrespective of the cation indicating similar initial state effects. On the other hand, for a given polysulfide, e.g. K2Sn, sulfur atoms both in central or terminal positions are found on the same line with slope −1 indicating similar final state effects. This behavior can be rationalized with the fact that the negative charge in polysulfide chains is located mainly on sulfur atoms in the terminal position; indeed, sulfur present as central S shows a binding energy shift of −0.6 eV with respect to elemental sulfur (S8), and sulfur in terminal S a shift of −2.4 eV. An application of this approach tested on commercial alkali polysulfides is provided for the curve fitting of SKLL signals and sulfur speciation of three different sulfide minerals enargite (Cu3AsS4), chalcopyrite (CuFeS2) and arsenopyrite (FeAsS). Also for the surface of mineral sulfides, terminal S atoms and central S atoms in the polysulfide chains can successfully be identified.read more
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Impact of the electrolyte salt anion on the solid electrolyte interphase formation in sodium ion batteries
Gebrekidan Gebresilassie Eshetu,Thomas Diemant,Maral Hekmatfar,Sylvie Grugeon,R. Jürgen Behm,Stéphane Laruelle,Michel Armand,Stefano Passerini +7 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a detailed X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) investigation of the few-nanometer thick passivation film formed on hard carbon (HC) in contact with various Na+-ion conducting electrolytes is reported.
Journal ArticleDOI
Constructing an Acidic Microenvironment by MoS 2 in Heterogeneous Fenton Reaction for Pollutant Control
Qingyun Yan,Cheng Lian,Kai Huang,Lihong Liang,Haoran Yu,Pengcheng Yin,Jie Zhang,Mingyang Xing +7 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a MoS2 cocatalytic heterogeneous Fenton (CoFe2 O4 /MoS2 ) system capable of sustainably degrading organic pollutants, such as phenol, in a macroneutral buffer solution is reported.
Journal ArticleDOI
The role of polysulfide dianions and radical anions in the chemical, physical and biological sciences, including sulfur-based batteries
Ralf Steudel,Tristram Chivers +1 more
TL;DR: This review will critically evaluate the techniques used to characterize polysulfide dianions and radical anions both in solution and in the solid state, i.e. Raman, UV-visible, EPR, NMR and X-ray absorption spectroscopy,X-ray crystallography, mass spectrometry, chromatography and high-level quantum-chemical calculations.
Journal ArticleDOI
Addressing Passivation in Lithium–Sulfur Battery Under Lean Electrolyte Condition
Huilin Pan,Kee Sung Han,Kee Sung Han,Mark H. Engelhard,Ruiguo Cao,Junzheng Chen,Ji-Guang Zhang,Karl T. Mueller,Yuyan Shao,Jun Liu +9 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the NH4TFSI additive in electrolyte solution greatly alleviates the passivation issue in Li-S batteries under lean electrolyte conditions, and the ammonium additive enhances the dissociation of Li2S and largely reduces the insoluble and large Li 2S particles in the sulfur cathodes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Unique aqueous Li-ion/sulfur chemistry with high energy density and reversibility.
Chongyin Yang,Liumin Suo,Oleg Borodin,Fei Wang,Wei Sun,Tao Gao,Xiulin Fan,Singyuk Hou,Zhaohui Ma,Khalil Amine,Kang Xu,Chunsheng Wang +11 more
TL;DR: Sulfur as an anode coupled with a lithium-ion intercalation cathode in the superconcentrated aqueous electrolyte creates a unique Li-ion/sulfur chemistry, realizing the highest energy density ever achieved in aqueously batteries, along with high safety and excellent cycle-life.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Li-O2 and Li-S batteries with high energy storage.
Peter G. Bruce,Stefan Freunberger,Laurence J. Hardwick,Laurence J. Hardwick,Jean-Marie Tarascon +4 more
TL;DR: The energy that can be stored in Li-air and Li-S cells is compared with Li-ion; the operation of the cells is discussed, as are the significant hurdles that will have to be overcome if such batteries are to succeed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hartree-Slater subshell photoionization cross-sections at 1254 and 1487 eV.
TL;DR: In this article, the results of photoelectric cross-sections for the Kα lines of magnesium at 1254 eV and of aluminum at 1487 eV were given for Z values up to 96.
Journal ArticleDOI
Advances in Li–S batteries
Xiulei Ji,Linda F. Nazar +1 more
TL;DR: Li-S batteries have received everincreasing attention recently due to their high theoretical specific energy density, which is 3 to 5 times higher than that of Li ion batteries based on intercalation reactions as discussed by the authors.
Book
Surface Analysis by Auger and X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy
David Briggs,John T. Grant +1 more
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Bacterial leaching of metal sulfides proceeds by two indirect mechanisms via thiosulfate or via polysulfides and sulfur
Axel Schippers,Wolfgang Sand +1 more
TL;DR: The acid-insoluble metal sulfides FeS 2, MoS2, and WS2 are chemically attacked by iron(III) hexahydrate ions, generating thiosulfate, which is oxidized to sulfuric acid, explaining leaching of metal sulfide by Thiobacillus thiooxidans.