Journal ArticleDOI
Extraction of Bio-oils from Microalgae
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TLDR
This review discusses existing extraction methodologies as they have and can be applied to microalgae and their potential as a unit operation that exists within the framework of an industrial‐scale microalgal cultivation process that extends from the production of biomass in photobioreactors to the fractionation of the recovered bio‐oil.Abstract:
A wide variety of terrestrial biomass feed stocks have been identified as suitable candidates for fractionation and conversion into biofuels. In particular, microalgae have been promoted as a future source of transportation fuels primarily because of their stated potential to produce up to 10 times more oil per acre than traditional biofuel crops. Their ability to grow relatively fast, be harvested on a daily basis, and grown in earthen ponds or closed photobioreactors that occupy marginal or poor crop lands using salt or brackish water, are often referenced. When these attractive traits are coupled with the potential to concomitantly harvest valuable co‐products such as biopolymers, proteins, and animal feeds, one can see why microalgae are often touted as biotechnology's “green gold”. The development of large‐scale microalgae farms, however, has been slowed by limitations in downstream processing technology. For example, traditional methods to dewater, extract, and recover bio‐oil from oil‐seeds possess...read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Constraints to commercialization of algal fuels.
TL;DR: The near term outlook for widespread use of algal fuels appears bleak, but fuels for niche applications such as in aviation may be likely in the medium term.
Journal ArticleDOI
Developments in oil extraction from microalgae.
Paula Mercer,Roberto E. Armenta +1 more
TL;DR: An overview, based on the last 10 years, of advances made in technologies for extracting and purifying microalgae oil is presented, and solvent extraction technologies with extraction alternatives such as mechanical milling and pressing, enzymatic and supercritical fluid extraction are compared.
Journal ArticleDOI
Combinatorial life cycle assessment to inform process design of industrial production of algal biodiesel
TL;DR: The best case production system yields a cumulative energy demand savings of more than 65 GJ, reduces water consumption by 585 m(3) and decreases greenhouse gas emissions by 86% compared to a base case scenario typical of early industrial practices, highlighting the importance of technological innovation in algae processing.
Journal ArticleDOI
Commercial astaxanthin production derived by green alga Haematococcus pluvialis: A microalgae process model and a techno-economic assessment all through production line
TL;DR: Astaxanthin is a member of the xanthophyll family of carotenoids and constitutes the highest value product derived by microalgae as mentioned in this paper, and is extracted from the freshwater green microalgal strain Haematococcus pluvialis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Lipid extraction methods from microalgae: a comprehensive review
TL;DR: A comprehensive review on various methods of lipid extraction from microalgae available till date, as well as to discuss their advantages and disadvantages is provided in this article, including solvent extraction procedures, mechanical approaches and solvent-free procedures apart from some of the latest extraction technologies.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Biodiesel from microalgae.
TL;DR: As demonstrated here, microalgae appear to be the only source of renewable biodiesel that is capable of meeting the global demand for transport fuels.
Journal ArticleDOI
Features of promising technologies for pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass.
Nathan S. Mosier,Charles E. Wyman,Bruce E. Dale,Richard T. Elander,Y. Y. Lee,Mark T. Holtzapple,Michael R. Ladisch +6 more
TL;DR: This paper reviews process parameters and their fundamental modes of action for promising pretreatment methods and concludes that pretreatment processing conditions must be tailored to the specific chemical and structural composition of the various, and variable, sources of lignocellulosic biomass.
MonographDOI
Solvents and Solvent Effects in Organic Chemistry.
TL;DR: In this article, Solvent effects on acid/base equilibria and Tautomeric Equilibria have been investigated in terms of acid-base behavior and specific Solute/Solvent interactions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biomass recalcitrance: engineering plants and enzymes for biofuels production.
Michael E. Himmel,Shi You Ding,David K. Johnson,William S. Adney,Mark R. Nimlos,John W. Brady,Thomas D. Foust +6 more
TL;DR: Here, the natural resistance of plant cell walls to microbial and enzymatic deconstruction is considered, collectively known as “biomass recalcitrance,” which is largely responsible for the high cost of lignocellulose conversion.