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Fingerprints of partial oxidation of biogenic magnetite from cultivated and natural marine magnetotactic bacteria using synchrotron radiation.

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TLDR
XANES spectra for Fe in magnetotactic bacteria samples from recent sediments indicate that oxidation of magnetite to maghemite increases with depth in the sediment due to longer exposure to molecular oxygen, relevant to understanding magnetic signatures carried by magnetofossils in oxic sediments and sedimentary rocks of different ages.
Abstract
Magnetotactic bacteria are a multi-phyletic group of bacteria that synthesize membrane-bound magnetic minerals. Understanding the preservation of these minerals in various environments (e.g., with varying oxygen concentrations and iron supply) is important for understanding their role as carriers of primary magnetizations in sediments and sedimentary rocks. Here we present X-ray near edge structure (XANES) spectra for Fe in magnetotactic bacteria samples from recent sediments to assess surface oxidation and crystal structure changes in bacterial magnetite during early burial. Our results are compared with a XANES spectrum of cultivated Magnetofaba australis samples, and with magnetic properties, and indicate that oxidation of magnetite to maghemite increases with depth in the sediment due to longer exposure to molecular oxygen. These results are relevant to understanding magnetic signatures carried by magnetofossils in oxic sediments and sedimentary rocks of different ages.

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Microbe-Mediated Extracellular and Intracellular Mineralization: Environmental, Industrial, and Biotechnological Applications

TL;DR: The different types of microbe‐mediated biomineralization that occur in nature, their mechanisms, as well as their applications are elucidated to create a backdrop for future research.
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Diverse phylogeny and morphology of magnetite biomineralized by magnetotactic cocci.

TL;DR: The results indicate that magnetofossil morphology could be a promising proxy for retrieving paleobiological information about ancient MTB and confirms that magnetosome biomineralization is controlled strictly by the MTB cell and differs among species or strains.
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Magnetite magnetofossils record biogeochemical remanent magnetization in hydrogenetic ferromanganese crusts

TL;DR: In this article, the authors show that nanometer-scale magnetite crystals found in Fe-Mn crusts from the Pacific Ocean and South China Sea are magnetosome fossils based on their narrow size range, chain arrangement, chemical purity, and crystallographic perfection, as indicated by transmission electron microscopy.
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Paleoenvironmental signature of the Selandian-Thanetian Transition Event (STTE) and Early Late Paleocene Event (ELPE) in the Contessa Road section (western Neo-Tethys)

TL;DR: The Selandian-Thanetian Transition Event (STTE) has been recognized and well constrained in the western Tethys Contessa Road section (Gubbio, Italy) through high-resolution biostratigraphic, geochemical, and rock-magnetic data as mentioned in this paper.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Magnetosome formation in prokaryotes

TL;DR: Progress has been made in elucidating the molecular, biochemical, chemical and genetic bases of magnetosome formation and understanding how these unique intracellular organelles function.
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Oxidation state and coordination of Fe in minerals: An Fe K-XANES spectroscopic study

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors measured high-resolution Fe K-edge XANES spectra of a series of crystalline Fe 2+ - and Fe 3+ -bearing model compounds in an effort to correlate characteristics of the pre-edge feature with oxidation state and local coordination environment of Fe atoms.
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First-order reversal curve diagrams: A new tool for characterizing the magnetic properties of natural samples

TL;DR: For example, first-order reversal curves (FORC) diagrams as mentioned in this paper can be used to identify and discriminate between the different components in a mixed magnetic mineral assemblage, such as superparamagnetic, single-domain, and multidomain grains.
Journal ArticleDOI

Rock magnetic criteria for the detection of biogenic magnetite

TL;DR: In this paper, a combination of room temperature coercivity analysis and low temperature remanence measurements provided a characteristic magnetic signature for intact chains of single domain (SD) particles of magnetite from magnetotactic and dissimilatory iron-reducing bacteria.
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