Journal ArticleDOI
Formation of a ZnO Overlayer in Industrial Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 Catalysts Induced by Strong Metal–Support Interactions
TLDR
For the first time, clear evidence for the formation of metastable "graphite-like" ZnO layers during reductive activation is provided and might contribute to the understanding of synergistic effects between the components of the Cu/ZnO/Al2 O3 catalysts.Abstract:
In industrially relevant Cu/ZnO/Al2 O3 catalysts for methanol synthesis, the strong metal support interaction between Cu and ZnO is known to play a key role. Here we report a detailed chemical transmission electron microscopy study on the nanostructural consequences of the strong metal support interaction in an activated high-performance catalyst. For the first time, clear evidence for the formation of metastable "graphite-like" ZnO layers during reductive activation is provided. The description of this metastable layer might contribute to the understanding of synergistic effects between the components of the Cu/ZnO/Al2 O3 catalysts.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Active sites for CO2 hydrogenation to methanol on Cu/ZnO catalysts
Shyam Kattel,Pedro J. Ramírez,Jingguang G. Chen,Jingguang G. Chen,José A. Rodriguez,José A. Rodriguez,Ping Liu,Ping Liu +7 more
TL;DR: A direct comparison between the activity of ZnCu and ZnO/Cu model catalysts for methanol synthesis is reported, highlighting a synergy of Cu andZnO at the interface that facilitates methenol synthesis via formate intermediates.
Journal ArticleDOI
Challenges in the Greener Production of Formates/Formic Acid, Methanol, and DME by Heterogeneously Catalyzed CO2 Hydrogenation Processes.
A. Álvarez,Atul Bansode,Atsushi Urakawa,Anastasiya Bavykina,Tim A. Wezendonk,Michiel Makkee,Jorge Gascon,Freek Kapteijn +7 more
TL;DR: In an attempt to give an order of magnitude regarding CO2 valorization, the most important aspects of CO2 capture and green routes to produce H2 are summarized and economical aspects of the production of methanol and DME are critically assessed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Tuning Selectivity of CO2 Hydrogenation Reactions at the Metal/Oxide Interface
TL;DR: A better understanding of the complex reaction network is provided, the capability of manipulating structure and combination of metal and oxide at the interface in tuning selectivity is grasped, and the key descriptors to control the activity and, in particular, the selectivity of catalysts are identified.
Journal ArticleDOI
Well-Defined Materials for Heterogeneous Catalysis: From Nanoparticles to Isolated Single-Atom Sites.
TL;DR: The roles of nanoparticles and isolated single atom sites in catalytic reactions are surveyed and the challenges and opportunities of well-defined materials for catalyst development are highlighted, gaining a fundamental understanding of their active sites.
Journal ArticleDOI
Recent Advances in Carbon Dioxide Hydrogenation to Methanol via Heterogeneous Catalysis.
TL;DR: A comprehensive overview of the recent advances in energy-efficient CO2 conversion, especially focusing on structure-activity relationship, is provided as well as the importance of combining catalytic measurements, in situ characterization, and theoretical studies in understanding reaction mechanisms and identifying key descriptors for designing improved catalysts.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Strong metal-support interactions. Group 8 noble metals supported on titanium dioxide
Journal ArticleDOI
The Active Site of Methanol Synthesis over Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 Industrial Catalysts
Malte Behrens,Felix Studt,Igor Kasatkin,Stefanie Kühl,Michael Hävecker,Frank Abild-Pedersen,Stefan Zander,Frank Girgsdies,Patrick Kurr,Benjamin-Louis Kniep,Michael Tovar,Richard W. Fischer,Jens K. Nørskov,Jens K. Nørskov,Robert Schlögl +14 more
TL;DR: This work shows how to identify the crucial atomic structure motif for the industrial Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 methanol synthesis catalyst by using a combination of experimental evidence from bulk, surface-sensitive, and imaging methods collected on real high-performance catalytic systems in combination with density functional theory calculations.
Journal ArticleDOI
Atom-Resolved Imaging of Dynamic Shape Changes in Supported Copper Nanocrystals
Poul L. Hansen,Jakob Birkedal Wagner,Stig Helveg,Jens R. Rostrup-Nielsen,Bjerne S. Clausen,Henrik Topsøe +5 more
TL;DR: In situ transmission electron microscopy is used to obtain atom-resolved images of copper nanocrystals on different supports, which are catalysts for methanol synthesis and hydrocarbon conversion processes for fuel cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
Strong interactions in supported-metal catalysts.
TL;DR: Spectroscopic measurements indicate that an electron is transferred from the cation (such as Ti(3+) or Nb(4+)) to the metal particle, which leads to profound changes in the catalytic and chemisorption properties and the morphology of the metal particles.
Journal ArticleDOI
Observation of Depolarized ZnO(0001) Monolayers: Formation of Unreconstructed Planar Sheets
TL;DR: A novel nonpolar structure of 2 monolayer (ML) thick ZnO(0001) films grown on Ag(111) has been revealed, using surface x-ray diffraction and scanning tunneling microscopy, which stabilizes an atomically flat surface morphology unseen for ZNO surfaces thus far.