Journal ArticleDOI
Formation of nanotubes and hollow nanoparticles based on Kirkendall and diffusion processes: a review.
TLDR
This Review summarizes and discusses the demonstrated examples of hollow nanoparticles and nanotubes induced by the Kirkendall effect and merits of this route are compared with other general methods for nanotube fabrication.Abstract:
The Kirkendall effect is a consequence of the different diffusivities of atoms in a diffusion couple causing a supersaturation of lattice vacancies. This supersaturation may lead to a condensation of extra vacancies in the form of so-called “Kirkendall voids” close to the interface. On the macroscopic and micrometer scale these Kirkendall voids are generally considered as a nuisance because they deteriorate the properties of the interface. In contrast, in the nanoworld the Kirkendall effect has been positively used as a new fabrication route to designed hollow nano-objects. In this Review we summarize and discuss the demonstrated examples of hollow nanoparticles and nanotubes induced by the Kirkendall effect. Merits of this route are compared with other general methods for nanotube fabrication. Theories of the kinetics and thermodynamics are also reviewed and evaluated in terms of their relevance to experiments. Moreover, nanotube fabrication by solid-state reactions and non-Kirkendall type diffusion processes are covered.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Hollow Micro-/Nanostructures: Synthesis and Applications**
TL;DR: Hollow micro-/nanostructures are of great interest in many current and emerging areas of technology as discussed by the authors, and a comprehensive overview of synthetic strategies for hollow structures is presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Metal oxide hollow nanostructures for lithium-ion batteries
TL;DR: The recent research activities in the synthesis of metal oxide hollow nanostructures with controlled shape, size, composition, and structural complexity, as well as their applications in LIBs are summarized.
Journal ArticleDOI
Gas sensors using hierarchical and hollow oxide nanostructures: Overview
TL;DR: In this article, the authors show that hierarchical and hollow oxide nanostructures increase both the gas response and response speed simultaneously and substantially, which can be explained by the rapid and effective gas diffusion toward the entire sensing surfaces via the porous structures.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nanostructured metal chalcogenides: synthesis, modification, and applications in energy conversion and storage devices
TL;DR: This review aims to provide a summary on the liquid-phase synthesis, modifications, and energy-related applications of nanostructured metal chalcogenide (MC) materials and remarks on the challenges and perspectives for future MC research are proposed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bimetallic Nanocrystals: Syntheses, Properties, and Applications
TL;DR: A comprehensive review of recent research activities on bimetallic nanocrystals, featuring key examples from the literature that exemplify critical concepts and place a special emphasis on mechanistic understanding.
References
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Helical microtubules of graphitic carbon
TL;DR: Iijima et al. as mentioned in this paper reported the preparation of a new type of finite carbon structure consisting of needle-like tubes, which were produced using an arc-discharge evaporation method similar to that used for fullerene synthesis.
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C 60 : Buckminsterfullerene
Harold W. Kroto,Harold W. Kroto,James R. Heath,Sean C. O'Brien,Robert F. Curl,Richard E. Smalley +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a truncated icosahedron, a polygon with 60 vertices and 32 faces, 12 of which are pentagonal and 20 hexagonal.
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One‐Dimensional Nanostructures: Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications
Younan Xia,Peidong Yang,Yugang Sun,Yiying Wu,Brian Mayers,Byron D. Gates,Yadong Yin,Franklin Kim,Haoquan Yan +8 more
TL;DR: A comprehensive review of 1D nanostructures can be found in this article, where the authors provide a comprehensive overview of current research activities that concentrate on one-dimensional (1D) nanostructure (wires, rods, belts and tubes).
Journal ArticleDOI
Shape-Controlled Synthesis of Gold and Silver Nanoparticles
Yugang Sun,Younan Xia +1 more
TL;DR: Monodisperse samples of silver nanocubes were synthesized in large quantities by reducing silver nitrate with ethylene glycol in the presence of poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP), characterized by a slightly truncated shape bounded by {100, {110}, and {111} facets.
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Formation of hollow nanocrystals through the nanoscale Kirkendall effect
Yadong Yin,Robert M. Rioux,Can K. Erdonmez,Steven Hughes,Gabor A. Somorjai,A. Paul Alivisatos +5 more
TL;DR: A simple extension of the process yielded platinum–cobalt oxide yolk-shell nanostructures, which may serve as nanoscale reactors in catalytic applications, and provides a general route to the synthesis of hollow nanostructureures of a large number of compounds.